Overview

AC1

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC1 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:51:47 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 770       
                Sample: 1 to 770       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -2.5820e+00  6.0725e-01  -4.2519 2.426e-05 ***      
                lpop                     4.0175e-01  1.2283e-01   3.2707 0.0011288 **       
                lgdp_sq                  5.2172e-02  1.1877e-02   4.3926 1.305e-05 ***      
                hdd                      1.2384e-04  2.8916e-05   4.2829 2.120e-05 ***      
                cdd                      1.8150e-04  8.1342e-05   2.2313 0.0259972 *        
                idAustria               -2.0790e+00  1.4467e-01 -14.3708 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBelgium               -1.7922e+00  1.1344e-01 -15.7982 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria              -1.4339e+00  2.0296e-01  -7.0650 4.101e-12 ***      
                idCanada                -1.1042e+00  1.1127e-01  -9.9241 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCroatia               -2.8271e+00  2.3703e-01 -11.9275 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic         -6.6107e-01  1.4644e-01  -4.5141 7.533e-06 ***      
                idDenmark               -1.4766e+00  1.8497e-01  -7.9829 6.380e-15 ***      
                idEstonia               -1.7300e+00  3.9274e-01  -4.4049 1.235e-05 ***      
                idFinland               -1.5051e+00  2.0797e-01  -7.2368 1.284e-12 ***      
                idFrance                -2.1968e+00  1.2989e-01 -16.9124 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany               -5.2972e-01  1.6008e-01  -3.3091 0.0009869 ***      
                idGreece                -1.0697e+00  1.1567e-01  -9.2485 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary               -1.9193e+00  1.5043e-01 -12.7584 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland               -8.7497e+00  5.7196e-01 -15.2977 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland               -1.7896e+00  2.0543e-01  -8.7115 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                 -1.0718e+00  1.1508e-01  -9.3132 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idJapan                 -5.9306e-01  2.0068e-01  -2.9552 0.0032363 **       
                idLatvia                -3.4538e+00  3.3638e-01 -10.2675 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLithuania             -3.1575e+00  2.8648e-01 -11.0218 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -4.6638e+00  4.8455e-01  -9.6250 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idMalta                 -2.8603e+00  5.4065e-01  -5.2905 1.663e-07 ***      
                idNetherlands           -1.0486e+00  8.0621e-02 -13.0068 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand            -2.2002e+00  2.0539e-01 -10.7122 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                -5.0940e+00  2.1215e-01 -24.0112 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                -3.3450e-01  1.3420e-01  -2.4926 0.0129260 *        
                idPortugal              -1.6324e+00  1.2206e-01 -13.3732 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRomania               -1.4766e+00  1.3015e-01 -11.3451 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic        -2.2966e+00  2.1321e-01 -10.7713 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovenia              -2.2548e+00  3.1567e-01  -7.1429 2.430e-12 ***      
                idSpain                 -1.1922e+00  9.3154e-02 -12.7987 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSweden                -2.6923e+00  1.4262e-01 -18.8775 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -3.9137e+00  1.5144e-01 -25.8426 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom         -9.2216e-01  1.3493e-01  -6.8345 1.879e-11 ***      
                idUnitedStates          -3.8222e-02  3.1202e-01  -0.1225 0.9025429          
                time2000                 3.6785e+01  8.9271e+00   4.1206 4.262e-05 ***      
                time2001                 3.6823e+01  8.9275e+00   4.1247 4.189e-05 ***      
                time2002                 3.6838e+01  8.9279e+00   4.1261 4.163e-05 ***      
                time2003                 3.6855e+01  8.9290e+00   4.1276 4.137e-05 ***      
                time2004                 3.6845e+01  8.9285e+00   4.1266 4.154e-05 ***      
                time2005                 3.6826e+01  8.9291e+00   4.1243 4.195e-05 ***      
                time2006                 3.6833e+01  8.9297e+00   4.1247 4.187e-05 ***      
                time2007                 3.6845e+01  8.9292e+00   4.1263 4.160e-05 ***      
                time2008                 3.6783e+01  8.9292e+00   4.1194 4.284e-05 ***      
                time2009                 3.6694e+01  8.9296e+00   4.1092 4.471e-05 ***      
                time2010                 3.6688e+01  8.9295e+00   4.1086 4.483e-05 ***      
                time2011                 3.6696e+01  8.9293e+00   4.1096 4.464e-05 ***      
                time2012                 3.6637e+01  8.9301e+00   4.1026 4.598e-05 ***      
                time2013                 3.6570e+01  8.9296e+00   4.0954 4.740e-05 ***      
                time2014                 3.6550e+01  8.9295e+00   4.0931 4.785e-05 ***      
                time2015                 3.6525e+01  8.9287e+00   4.0908 4.832e-05 ***      
                time2016                 3.6487e+01  8.9289e+00   4.0863 4.924e-05 ***      
                time2017                 3.6465e+01  8.9288e+00   4.0840 4.973e-05 ***      
                time2018                 3.6401e+01  8.9290e+00   4.0767 5.128e-05 ***      
                time2019                 3.6346e+01  8.9289e+00   4.0707 5.258e-05 ***      
                time2020                 3.6255e+01  8.9299e+00   4.0600 5.498e-05 ***      
                time2021                 3.6255e+01  8.9293e+00   4.0602 5.492e-05 ***      
                iis196                  -3.2327e-01  1.1060e-01  -2.9228 0.0035876 **       
                iis197                  -3.3681e-01  1.1061e-01  -3.0450 0.0024199 **       
                iis404                   5.1038e-01  1.4479e-01   3.5249 0.0004530 ***      
                iis408                  -4.6401e-01  1.2585e-01  -3.6870 0.0002456 ***      
                iis409                  -3.9111e-01  1.2553e-01  -3.1157 0.0019151 **       
                iis415                  -6.0383e-01  1.1836e-01  -5.1018 4.407e-07 ***      
                iis487                   6.7881e-01  1.4830e-01   4.5773 5.632e-06 ***      
                iis488                   6.1184e-01  1.4790e-01   4.1367 3.980e-05 ***      
                iis489                   7.9945e-01  1.4747e-01   5.4211 8.324e-08 ***      
                iis490                   7.9468e-01  1.4716e-01   5.4000 9.317e-08 ***      
                iis491                   8.3293e-01  1.4672e-01   5.6769 2.058e-08 ***      
                iis492                   7.4913e-01  1.4648e-01   5.1144 4.133e-07 ***      
                iis493                   6.3145e-01  1.4619e-01   4.3193 1.807e-05 ***      
                iis494                   8.3320e-01  1.4598e-01   5.7079 1.731e-08 ***      
                iis495                   8.1533e-01  1.4571e-01   5.5957 3.226e-08 ***      
                iis496                   7.1964e-01  1.4565e-01   4.9407 9.883e-07 ***      
                iis497                   7.5005e-01  1.4546e-01   5.1563 3.336e-07 ***      
                iis498                   3.8732e-01  1.4509e-01   2.6695 0.0077840 **       
                iis499                   4.2271e-01  1.4497e-01   2.9159 0.0036669 **       
                iis545                  -3.9346e-01  1.1178e-01  -3.5200 0.0004613 ***      
                iis582                   1.0996e+00  1.0802e-01  10.1802 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis583                   1.5716e+00  1.0938e-01  14.3685 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis584                   1.4721e+00  1.0815e-01  13.6115 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis585                   1.0803e+00  1.0845e-01   9.9611 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis586                   1.1629e+00  1.0831e-01  10.7372 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis587                   1.2554e+00  1.0843e-01  11.5777 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis588                   1.3234e+00  1.0859e-01  12.1870 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis589                   1.3352e+00  1.0857e-01  12.2976 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis590                   1.4008e+00  1.0864e-01  12.8939 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis591                   1.4303e+00  1.0874e-01  13.1540 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis592                   1.4281e+00  1.0893e-01  13.1108 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis593                   1.5525e+00  1.0887e-01  14.2599 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis594                   1.4774e+00  1.0878e-01  13.5822 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2008       3.2644e-01  4.8238e-02   6.7674 2.904e-11 ***      
                fesisSwitzerland.2016    2.7359e-01  4.9785e-02   5.4954 5.579e-08 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2012       -2.5720e-01  7.8489e-02  -3.2769 0.0011047 **       
                fesisDenmark.2014       -2.8348e-01  8.3816e-02  -3.3822 0.0007616 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2007        2.6365e-01  5.7935e-02   4.5508 6.366e-06 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2013        1.8961e-01  5.9714e-02   3.1753 0.0015667 **       
                fesisEstonia.2019       -5.7577e-01  7.2885e-02  -7.8997 1.177e-14 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015 -5.2242e-01  4.7638e-02 -10.9666 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007        5.4446e-01  1.1140e-01   4.8874 1.285e-06 ***      
                fesisIceland.2009       -6.3275e-01  1.2613e-01  -5.0167 6.771e-07 ***      
                fesisIceland.2013        4.3062e-01  8.6822e-02   4.9598 8.991e-07 ***      
                fesisIceland.2018       -5.7442e-01  7.6561e-02  -7.5027 2.034e-13 ***      
                fesisJapan.2012          4.7055e-01  4.4808e-02  10.5015 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2014     -6.5208e-01  5.0147e-02 -13.0035 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2002     6.0651e-01  1.2999e-01   4.6658 3.726e-06 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2016    -5.2461e-01  1.1096e-01  -4.7281 2.774e-06 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2015         2.2234e-01  5.0707e-02   4.3848 1.351e-05 ***      
                fesisMalta.2015         -5.2375e-01  6.9082e-02  -7.5816 1.166e-13 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   168.338  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  82.874  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.10083      
                R-squared          0.99834      
                Log-lik.(n=770)  730.04059      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC1 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:02:58 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 770       
                Sample: 1 to 770       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     -1.5977e+00  3.3295e-01  -4.7986 1.975e-06 ***      
                lpop                     -1.8735e-02  7.1817e-02  -0.2609 0.7942737          
                lgdp_sq                   4.5269e-02  6.6799e-03   6.7769 2.713e-11 ***      
                hdd                       1.7680e-04  1.7191e-05  10.2846 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                cdd                       7.3793e-05  4.9211e-05   1.4995 0.1342126          
                idAustria                 2.3491e-01  9.4531e-02   2.4850 0.0131989 *        
                idBelgium                 1.0898e+00  7.3891e-02  14.7493 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria                1.3228e-01  1.5445e-01   0.8564 0.3920763          
                idCanada                  9.3966e-01  7.0125e-02  13.3998 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCroatia                 5.3711e-01  1.6707e-01   3.2149 0.0013681 **       
                idCzechRepublic           1.0034e+00  1.0571e-01   9.4917 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark                -2.5705e-01  1.1709e-01  -2.1953 0.0284895 *        
                idEstonia                -8.4534e-01  2.4774e-01  -3.4122 0.0006835 ***      
                idFinland                -4.7977e-01  1.3258e-01  -3.6186 0.0003187 ***      
                idFrance                  8.4529e-01  9.1502e-02   9.2379 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                 9.3417e-01  1.1507e-01   8.1185 2.296e-15 ***      
                idGreece                  7.9527e-01  8.3967e-02   9.4712 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                 1.3430e+00  1.1478e-01  11.7001 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland                -8.3189e-01  3.3646e-01  -2.4725 0.0136684 *        
                idIreland                 6.0684e-01  1.3434e-01   4.5172 7.417e-06 ***      
                idItaly                   8.0635e-01  8.2152e-02   9.8153 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idJapan                   7.6506e-01  1.4126e-01   5.4161 8.525e-08 ***      
                idLatvia                 -3.5077e-01  2.1807e-01  -1.6085 0.1081998          
                idLithuania              -6.2943e-01  1.9315e-01  -3.2587 0.0011763 **       
                idLuxembourg             -3.4927e-01  2.8504e-01  -1.2253 0.2208781          
                idMalta                  -1.6486e+00  3.2652e-01  -5.0491 5.741e-07 ***      
                idNetherlands             9.0599e-01  4.9860e-02  18.1706 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             -1.4263e-01  1.3603e-01  -1.0485 0.2947768          
                idNorway                 -1.1367e+00  1.2908e-01  -8.8061 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  1.7188e+00  8.5137e-02  20.1880 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal                1.6308e-01  9.2273e-02   1.7674 0.0776247 .        
                idRomania                 6.8379e-01  1.1186e-01   6.1129 1.669e-09 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic          9.0892e-01  1.5955e-01   5.6968 1.835e-08 ***      
                idSlovenia                2.0458e-01  2.0745e-01   0.9862 0.3244118          
                idSpain                   4.7304e-01  6.0341e-02   7.8395 1.805e-14 ***      
                idSweden                 -1.1607e+00  9.2043e-02 -12.6104 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland             6.9676e-03  8.9536e-02   0.0778 0.9379955          
                idUnitedKingdom           7.3315e-01  9.8359e-02   7.4538 2.839e-13 ***      
                idUnitedStates            6.3887e-01  2.4148e-01   2.6456 0.0083472 **       
                time2000                  1.9582e+01  4.5680e+00   4.2867 2.082e-05 ***      
                time2001                  1.9565e+01  4.5682e+00   4.2830 2.116e-05 ***      
                time2002                  1.9569e+01  4.5683e+00   4.2837 2.110e-05 ***      
                time2003                  1.9564e+01  4.5688e+00   4.2821 2.125e-05 ***      
                time2004                  1.9532e+01  4.5680e+00   4.2758 2.184e-05 ***      
                time2005                  1.9500e+01  4.5682e+00   4.2686 2.254e-05 ***      
                time2006                  1.9440e+01  4.5685e+00   4.2553 2.389e-05 ***      
                time2007                  1.9365e+01  4.5684e+00   4.2389 2.565e-05 ***      
                time2008                  1.9360e+01  4.5681e+00   4.2380 2.574e-05 ***      
                time2009                  1.9360e+01  4.5684e+00   4.2377 2.578e-05 ***      
                time2010                  1.9339e+01  4.5682e+00   4.2334 2.627e-05 ***      
                time2011                  1.9304e+01  4.5682e+00   4.2257 2.716e-05 ***      
                time2012                  1.9259e+01  4.5679e+00   4.2162 2.829e-05 ***      
                time2013                  1.9266e+01  4.5677e+00   4.2179 2.808e-05 ***      
                time2014                  1.9210e+01  4.5675e+00   4.2058 2.959e-05 ***      
                time2015                  1.9212e+01  4.5674e+00   4.2064 2.952e-05 ***      
                time2016                  1.9184e+01  4.5672e+00   4.2003 3.030e-05 ***      
                time2017                  1.9154e+01  4.5673e+00   4.1938 3.116e-05 ***      
                time2018                  1.9116e+01  4.5677e+00   4.1850 3.236e-05 ***      
                time2019                  1.9090e+01  4.5675e+00   4.1796 3.311e-05 ***      
                time2020                  1.9070e+01  4.5679e+00   4.1748 3.380e-05 ***      
                time2021                  1.9008e+01  4.5672e+00   4.1619 3.571e-05 ***      
                iis231                   -2.0002e-01  6.4002e-02  -3.1252 0.0018545 **       
                iis322                   -2.3666e-01  6.5546e-02  -3.6106 0.0003285 ***      
                iis323                   -1.8971e-01  6.5340e-02  -2.9034 0.0038136 **       
                iis395                   -1.7195e-01  6.6354e-02  -2.5914 0.0097683 **       
                iis417                   -4.4555e-01  6.4259e-02  -6.9336 9.746e-12 ***      
                iis418                   -3.5930e-01  6.4022e-02  -5.6122 2.936e-08 ***      
                iis529                   -3.7921e-01  6.5317e-02  -5.8057 9.935e-09 ***      
                iis530                   -3.4440e-01  6.5224e-02  -5.2803 1.750e-07 ***      
                iis531                   -2.5511e-01  6.5151e-02  -3.9156 9.950e-05 ***      
                iis532                   -2.1756e-01  6.5551e-02  -3.3190 0.0009527 ***      
                iis588                   -2.5476e-01  6.5939e-02  -3.8636 0.0001227 ***      
                iis683                    2.8636e-01  7.4822e-02   3.8273 0.0001418 ***      
                iis706                    1.8200e-01  6.6971e-02   2.7176 0.0067478 **       
                iis707                    1.9867e-01  6.7006e-02   2.9649 0.0031359 **       
                iis727                    6.8773e-01  6.5468e-02  10.5049 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis728                    5.9385e-01  6.5366e-02   9.0851 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis729                    5.7164e-01  6.5407e-02   8.7398 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis730                    5.4723e-01  6.5333e-02   8.3759 3.255e-16 ***      
                iis731                    3.0224e-01  6.5277e-02   4.6301 4.397e-06 ***      
                iis732                    3.4898e-01  6.5313e-02   5.3433 1.256e-07 ***      
                iis733                    2.1568e-01  6.5295e-02   3.3032 0.0010073 **       
                iis734                    2.4610e-01  6.5263e-02   3.7709 0.0001772 ***      
                fesisAustralia.2011       2.1050e-01  2.8720e-02   7.3294 6.741e-13 ***      
                fesisAustria.2009        -1.6202e-01  2.6773e-02  -6.0515 2.398e-09 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2008       -2.1942e-01  2.9633e-02  -7.4048 3.997e-13 ***      
                fesisCanada.2017          1.9422e-01  3.2094e-02   6.0517 2.396e-09 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2013        -1.7368e-01  2.6848e-02  -6.4689 1.916e-10 ***      
                fesisSpain.2006           1.2400e-01  3.5593e-02   3.4838 0.0005268 ***      
                fesisSpain.2012           9.7142e-02  3.2035e-02   3.0323 0.0025212 **       
                fesisEstonia.2014         2.8931e-01  2.9109e-02   9.9388 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013         -2.1548e-01  3.3326e-02  -6.4657 1.955e-10 ***      
                fesisIreland.2015        -2.7753e-01  3.3841e-02  -8.2011 1.233e-15 ***      
                fesisItaly.2008           2.2817e-01  2.8972e-02   7.8753 1.389e-14 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2006       2.5692e-01  3.3827e-02   7.5952 1.048e-13 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015      1.4549e-01  3.1832e-02   4.5705 5.804e-06 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2010          1.9818e-01  2.9460e-02   6.7270 3.741e-11 ***      
                fesisMalta.2012           2.4437e-01  3.5144e-02   6.9535 8.546e-12 ***      
                fesisNorway.2015         -2.5563e-01  3.0257e-02  -8.4485 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisRomania.2004         1.5573e-01  3.6754e-02   4.2371 2.584e-05 ***      
                fesisRomania.2018         1.8356e-01  3.5899e-02   5.1131 4.150e-07 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2003 -1.4282e-01  4.8747e-02  -2.9298 0.0035080 **       
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2011 -1.6796e-01  2.9361e-02  -5.7207 1.606e-08 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2007       -1.4006e-01  3.8827e-02  -3.6074 0.0003325 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2012       -2.8272e-01  3.3683e-02  -8.3934 2.847e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2015         -2.3206e-01  3.3071e-02  -7.0169 5.610e-12 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   132.743  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  46.908  1 7.441e-12 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.06011      
                R-squared           0.99907      
                Log-lik.(n=770)  1125.33978      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC1 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:14:20 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 770       
                Sample: 1 to 770       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      1.6989e+00  2.3187e-01   7.3272 6.712e-13 ***      
                lpop                     -5.7368e-01  4.9070e-02 -11.6909 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  -1.4977e-02  4.7163e-03  -3.1756 0.0015631 **       
                hdd                       1.7869e-05  1.2701e-05   1.4068 0.1599398          
                cdd                       5.9668e-05  3.6484e-05   1.6355 0.1024174          
                idAustria                -8.4342e-01  6.7040e-02 -12.5808 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBelgium                -6.7259e-01  5.2740e-02 -12.7529 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria               -1.8066e-03  1.0344e-01  -0.0175 0.9860700          
                idCanada                  7.9683e-01  5.1489e-02  15.4758 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCroatia                -8.1918e-01  1.1272e-01  -7.2674 1.013e-12 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          -2.9976e-01  7.3798e-02  -4.0619 5.436e-05 ***      
                idDenmark                -1.4403e+00  8.2322e-02 -17.4960 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                -1.3691e+00  1.7146e-01  -7.9850 6.036e-15 ***      
                idFinland                -1.3184e+00  9.4095e-02 -14.0111 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFrance                  4.8571e-01  6.4613e-02   7.5172 1.780e-13 ***      
                idGermany                 6.3330e-01  8.4555e-02   7.4898 2.159e-13 ***      
                idGreece                 -3.7562e-01  6.1939e-02  -6.0644 2.202e-09 ***      
                idHungary                -3.6060e-01  7.9097e-02  -4.5590 6.099e-06 ***      
                idIceland                -3.2107e+00  2.3615e-01 -13.5959 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland                -1.3265e+00  9.4134e-02 -14.0914 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                   4.4671e-01  5.4922e-02   8.1335 1.992e-15 ***      
                idJapan                   9.9501e-01  1.0201e-01   9.7540 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLatvia                 -1.0274e+00  1.4954e-01  -6.8700 1.457e-11 ***      
                idLithuania              -8.5632e-01  1.3260e-01  -6.4581 2.024e-10 ***      
                idLuxembourg             -2.0331e+00  2.0208e-01 -10.0604 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idMalta                  -2.7043e+00  2.1894e-01 -12.3517 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands            -6.7122e-01  3.6813e-02 -18.2329 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             -8.8483e-01  9.4587e-02  -9.3547 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                 -1.6635e+00  9.0597e-02 -18.3619 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  4.0339e-01  6.5845e-02   6.1264 1.525e-09 ***      
                idPortugal               -3.9182e-01  6.3857e-02  -6.1360 1.440e-09 ***      
                idRomania                 1.2323e-02  6.8388e-02   0.1802 0.8570584          
                idSlovakRepublic         -9.6577e-01  1.1471e-01  -8.4195 2.254e-16 ***      
                idSlovenia               -1.2693e+00  1.4236e-01  -8.9157 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                   5.6207e-01  4.1009e-02  13.7060 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSweden                 -9.7699e-01  6.6605e-02 -14.6683 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -1.6738e+00  6.4023e-02 -26.1436 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom           2.6835e-01  7.0066e-02   3.8300 0.0001401 ***      
                idUnitedStates            2.3317e+00  1.7109e-01  13.6280 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                 -1.4618e+01  3.1442e+00  -4.6490 4.010e-06 ***      
                time2001                 -1.4614e+01  3.1441e+00  -4.6482 4.026e-06 ***      
                time2002                 -1.4608e+01  3.1444e+00  -4.6456 4.075e-06 ***      
                time2003                 -1.4612e+01  3.1442e+00  -4.6472 4.045e-06 ***      
                time2004                 -1.4607e+01  3.1435e+00  -4.6467 4.054e-06 ***      
                time2005                 -1.4615e+01  3.1436e+00  -4.6493 4.005e-06 ***      
                time2006                 -1.4633e+01  3.1435e+00  -4.6550 3.900e-06 ***      
                time2007                 -1.4631e+01  3.1434e+00  -4.6544 3.910e-06 ***      
                time2008                 -1.4647e+01  3.1433e+00  -4.6599 3.810e-06 ***      
                time2009                 -1.4652e+01  3.1436e+00  -4.6610 3.791e-06 ***      
                time2010                 -1.4671e+01  3.1433e+00  -4.6674 3.678e-06 ***      
                time2011                 -1.4691e+01  3.1435e+00  -4.6736 3.572e-06 ***      
                time2012                 -1.4729e+01  3.1437e+00  -4.6853 3.379e-06 ***      
                time2013                 -1.4747e+01  3.1436e+00  -4.6911 3.288e-06 ***      
                time2014                 -1.4752e+01  3.1437e+00  -4.6926 3.265e-06 ***      
                time2015                 -1.4745e+01  3.1435e+00  -4.6907 3.295e-06 ***      
                time2016                 -1.4748e+01  3.1434e+00  -4.6919 3.277e-06 ***      
                time2017                 -1.4755e+01  3.1433e+00  -4.6941 3.243e-06 ***      
                time2018                 -1.4766e+01  3.1433e+00  -4.6976 3.188e-06 ***      
                time2019                 -1.4783e+01  3.1433e+00  -4.7031 3.106e-06 ***      
                time2020                 -1.4882e+01  3.1439e+00  -4.7336 2.687e-06 ***      
                time2021                 -1.4893e+01  3.1431e+00  -4.7383 2.628e-06 ***      
                iis390                   -2.3720e-01  4.8513e-02  -4.8893 1.265e-06 ***      
                iis391                   -1.8718e-01  4.8408e-02  -3.8668 0.0001209 ***      
                iis392                   -2.7273e-01  4.8708e-02  -5.5994 3.129e-08 ***      
                iis393                   -3.1874e-01  4.9252e-02  -6.4716 1.861e-10 ***      
                iis394                   -3.4037e-01  4.9462e-02  -6.8816 1.351e-11 ***      
                iis395                   -4.4544e-01  5.0538e-02  -8.8141 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis396                   -5.2691e-01  5.1185e-02 -10.2941 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis531                   -4.8585e-01  4.8347e-02 -10.0491 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis532                   -2.9325e-01  4.8340e-02  -6.0665 2.174e-09 ***      
                iis698                   -1.7743e-01  4.7984e-02  -3.6978 0.0002351 ***      
                fesisAustralia.2011       1.1987e-01  2.1700e-02   5.5241 4.726e-08 ***      
                fesisAustria.2013         1.1927e-01  2.0194e-02   5.9060 5.549e-09 ***      
                fesisCanada.2012          7.9202e-02  2.0866e-02   3.7958 0.0001604 ***      
                fesisGermany.2005        -9.1067e-02  2.3952e-02  -3.8020 0.0001565 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2003        -1.3149e-01  2.9881e-02  -4.4004 1.255e-05 ***      
                fesisCroatia.2009         1.4566e-01  2.0567e-02   7.0822 3.564e-12 ***      
                fesisHungary.2019         1.3460e-01  2.9003e-02   4.6411 4.163e-06 ***      
                fesisIceland.2006         2.0640e-01  2.3997e-02   8.6012 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2020        -1.8897e-01  3.5601e-02  -5.3080 1.504e-07 ***      
                fesisJapan.2007          -1.2162e-01  2.1609e-02  -5.6281 2.669e-08 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2016       1.0618e-01  2.4011e-02   4.4223 1.138e-05 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2003      1.6007e-01  3.0326e-02   5.2785 1.757e-07 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015     -1.2541e-01  2.3677e-02  -5.2965 1.598e-07 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2011         -1.4944e-01  2.1565e-02  -6.9295 9.852e-12 ***      
                fesisPoland.2006          2.0721e-01  2.4767e-02   8.3662 3.398e-16 ***      
                fesisPoland.2016          1.9737e-01  2.4753e-02   7.9735 6.575e-15 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2001  2.3202e-01  5.0629e-02   4.5827 5.466e-06 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2006 -1.3047e-01  2.5117e-02  -5.1945 2.719e-07 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2020  1.8664e-01  3.5209e-02   5.3009 1.562e-07 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2008        2.3269e-01  2.0742e-02  11.2187 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2007         -1.1125e-01  2.3402e-02  -4.7539 2.439e-06 ***      
                fesisSweden.2016         -1.8664e-01  2.4568e-02  -7.5968 1.013e-13 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   235.53  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 107.83  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04547      
                R-squared           0.99931      
                Log-lik.(n=770)  1333.76693      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC1 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:09:48 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 748       
                Sample: 1 to 748       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -3.5468e+00  5.1361e-01  -6.9057 1.165e-11 ***      
                lpop                    -2.0892e-01  9.5685e-02  -2.1834 0.0293570 *        
                lgdp_sq                  7.7976e-02  1.0080e-02   7.7355 3.809e-14 ***      
                hdd                      2.5060e-05  2.3256e-05   1.0776 0.2816132          
                cdd                     -1.5436e-05  6.8076e-05  -0.2267 0.8206886          
                idAustria               -8.2606e-01  1.1475e-01  -7.1989 1.639e-12 ***      
                idBelgium               -4.5025e-01  9.1263e-02  -4.9336 1.020e-06 ***      
                idBulgaria              -6.1416e-01  1.6446e-01  -3.7343 0.0002043 ***      
                idCanada                 5.9580e-01  8.9710e-02   6.6413 6.445e-11 ***      
                idCroatia               -1.4428e+00  1.8461e-01  -7.8153 2.136e-14 ***      
                idCzechRepublic         -2.7033e-01  1.2023e-01  -2.2484 0.0248768 *        
                idDenmark               -1.7872e+00  1.4391e-01 -12.4185 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia               -3.0846e+00  3.0037e-01 -10.2694 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland               -1.0680e+00  1.6347e-01  -6.5333 1.276e-10 ***      
                idFrance                -3.9498e-01  1.0236e-01  -3.8587 0.0001250 ***      
                idGermany               -8.1875e-02  1.2728e-01  -0.6433 0.5202599          
                idGreece                -9.1037e-01  9.5189e-02  -9.5638 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary               -1.1729e+00  1.2413e-01  -9.4493 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland               -3.6920e+00  4.3165e-01  -8.5532 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland               -2.0540e+00  1.5984e-01 -12.8501 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                 -3.1781e-01  8.9572e-02  -3.5481 0.0004152 ***      
                idJapan                  5.2015e-01  1.5561e-01   3.3426 0.0008763 ***      
                idLatvia                -2.9312e+00  2.5785e-01 -11.3680 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLithuania             -2.1060e+00  2.2300e-01  -9.4435 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -3.2923e+00  3.5002e-01  -9.4059 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands           -4.4358e-01  6.6077e-02  -6.7130 4.076e-11 ***      
                idNewZealand            -1.4413e+00  1.6407e-01  -8.7845 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                -1.0914e+00  1.6535e-01  -6.6002 8.367e-11 ***      
                idPoland                 4.1649e-01  1.2611e-01   3.3026 0.0010089 **       
                idPortugal              -1.0400e+00  1.0032e-01 -10.3666 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRomania                2.0919e-01  1.2168e-01   1.7192 0.0860375 .        
                idSlovakRepublic        -4.7198e-01  1.6829e-01  -2.8046 0.0051839 **       
                idSlovenia              -2.3817e+00  2.4152e-01  -9.8613 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                 -4.0522e-02  7.3052e-02  -0.5547 0.5792908          
                idSweden                -1.4205e+00  1.1371e-01 -12.4921 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -2.2470e+00  1.1749e-01 -19.1259 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom         -3.4688e-01  1.0802e-01  -3.2114 0.0013844 **       
                idUnitedStates           2.3973e-01  2.5786e-01   0.9297 0.3528709          
                time2000                 5.3259e+01  7.2935e+00   7.3023 8.075e-13 ***      
                time2001                 5.3241e+01  7.2938e+00   7.2995 8.233e-13 ***      
                time2002                 5.3201e+01  7.2940e+00   7.2938 8.558e-13 ***      
                time2003                 5.3205e+01  7.2949e+00   7.2935 8.577e-13 ***      
                time2004                 5.3193e+01  7.2943e+00   7.2925 8.639e-13 ***      
                time2005                 5.3161e+01  7.2944e+00   7.2879 8.915e-13 ***      
                time2006                 5.3142e+01  7.2948e+00   7.2849 9.102e-13 ***      
                time2007                 5.3128e+01  7.2944e+00   7.2834 9.193e-13 ***      
                time2008                 5.3073e+01  7.2944e+00   7.2759 9.678e-13 ***      
                time2009                 5.2965e+01  7.2948e+00   7.2606 1.075e-12 ***      
                time2010                 5.2984e+01  7.2946e+00   7.2635 1.054e-12 ***      
                time2011                 5.2969e+01  7.2947e+00   7.2614 1.069e-12 ***      
                time2012                 5.2941e+01  7.2951e+00   7.2571 1.101e-12 ***      
                time2013                 5.2929e+01  7.2948e+00   7.2557 1.112e-12 ***      
                time2014                 5.2900e+01  7.2945e+00   7.2520 1.140e-12 ***      
                time2015                 5.2884e+01  7.2947e+00   7.2497 1.158e-12 ***      
                time2016                 5.2863e+01  7.2943e+00   7.2471 1.179e-12 ***      
                time2017                 5.2846e+01  7.2941e+00   7.2450 1.197e-12 ***      
                time2018                 5.2842e+01  7.2941e+00   7.2444 1.201e-12 ***      
                time2019                 5.2811e+01  7.2939e+00   7.2405 1.234e-12 ***      
                time2020                 5.2753e+01  7.2949e+00   7.2315 1.312e-12 ***      
                time2021                 5.2756e+01  7.2940e+00   7.2328 1.301e-12 ***      
                iis413                  -1.2776e+00  8.8978e-02 -14.3589 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis414                  -1.3405e+00  8.9236e-02 -15.0225 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis415                  -1.5968e+00  8.9901e-02 -17.7617 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis416                  -1.9424e+00  9.0208e-02 -21.5329 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis417                  -2.2966e+00  9.0606e-02 -25.3474 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis418                  -2.2795e+00  9.0385e-02 -25.2198 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2009      -5.9519e-01  4.2753e-02 -13.9214 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2017       3.3558e-01  4.8364e-02   6.9386 9.383e-12 ***      
                fesisCanada.2011         3.1325e-01  3.7162e-02   8.4294 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2005        1.7032e-01  4.6216e-02   3.6854 0.0002469 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2011 -2.2516e-01  3.6485e-02  -6.1713 1.174e-09 ***      
                fesisHungary.2014        3.8018e-01  3.7966e-02  10.0138 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007       -1.5013e-01  4.4739e-02  -3.3557 0.0008365 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2005      2.8699e-01  4.8302e-02   5.9417 4.542e-09 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2015        -2.8185e-01  4.2009e-02  -6.7092 4.177e-11 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010         3.3132e-01  3.6712e-02   9.0249 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisNewZealand.2013     3.2629e-01  3.7938e-02   8.6004 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisPoland.2005        -2.0089e-01  4.5329e-02  -4.4317 1.092e-05 ***      
                fesisRomania.2009       -4.0293e-01  4.0032e-02 -10.0651 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2018       1.7350e-01  4.7106e-02   3.6832 0.0002489 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   255.55  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 109.77  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.08267      
                R-squared          0.99787      
                Log-lik.(n=748)  843.30968      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC1 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:37:04 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 770       
                Sample: 1 to 770       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     -4.5716e-01  2.3649e-01  -1.9332 0.0536341 .        
                lpop                     -1.5460e-01  5.0323e-02  -3.0721 0.0022109 **       
                lgdp_sq                   1.8392e-02  4.6786e-03   3.9312 9.325e-05 ***      
                hdd                       6.3510e-05  1.1460e-05   5.5417 4.296e-08 ***      
                cdd                       6.2473e-05  3.3246e-05   1.8792 0.0606540 .        
                idAustria                -1.2705e+00  6.4518e-02 -19.6923 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBelgium                -8.1711e-01  5.0599e-02 -16.1486 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria               -6.2784e-01  1.0306e-01  -6.0922 1.869e-09 ***      
                idCanada                  2.2079e-01  4.8123e-02   4.5880 5.334e-06 ***      
                idCroatia                -1.5854e+00  1.1607e-01 -13.6588 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          -3.3854e-01  7.0836e-02  -4.7792 2.160e-06 ***      
                idDenmark                -1.5575e+00  8.1677e-02 -19.0695 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                -1.6603e+00  1.7844e-01  -9.3043 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland                -1.3568e+00  9.2107e-02 -14.7306 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFrance                 -2.7480e-01  6.4332e-02  -4.2716 2.219e-05 ***      
                idGermany                 3.3416e-01  7.9978e-02   4.1782 3.324e-05 ***      
                idGreece                 -6.8326e-01  5.5543e-02 -12.3014 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                -9.2837e-01  7.6262e-02 -12.1734 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland                -3.5835e+00  2.4811e-01 -14.4432 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland                -1.5467e+00  9.5404e-02 -16.2123 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                  -4.8327e-02  5.5876e-02  -0.8649 0.3874023          
                idJapan                   5.9260e-01  1.0042e-01   5.9013 5.704e-09 ***      
                idLatvia                 -2.4366e+00  1.5534e-01 -15.6853 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLithuania              -2.0394e+00  1.3575e-01 -15.0228 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLuxembourg             -2.7838e+00  2.0937e-01 -13.2963 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idMalta                  -3.2626e+00  2.3853e-01 -13.6780 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands            -5.8426e-01  3.4028e-02 -17.1697 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             -1.5661e+00  9.7882e-02 -15.9995 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                 -1.9257e+00  9.0689e-02 -21.2343 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  4.2488e-01  5.6349e-02   7.5402 1.516e-13 ***      
                idPortugal               -1.0543e+00  6.1552e-02 -17.1283 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRomania                -3.2662e-01  6.7376e-02  -4.8478 1.550e-06 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         -1.0723e+00  1.0728e-01  -9.9952 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovenia               -1.8403e+00  1.4664e-01 -12.5497 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                  -1.0678e-01  4.2188e-02  -2.5310 0.0115989 *        
                idSweden                 -1.6172e+00  6.4385e-02 -25.1177 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -2.0682e+00  6.1992e-02 -33.3618 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          -7.1043e-02  6.7751e-02  -1.0486 0.2947439          
                idUnitedStates            1.4023e+00  1.6386e-01   8.5580 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                  1.3979e+01  3.3710e+00   4.1469 3.799e-05 ***      
                time2001                  1.3986e+01  3.3711e+00   4.1486 3.771e-05 ***      
                time2002                  1.3981e+01  3.3713e+00   4.1470 3.798e-05 ***      
                time2003                  1.3987e+01  3.3717e+00   4.1483 3.777e-05 ***      
                time2004                  1.3977e+01  3.3713e+00   4.1458 3.817e-05 ***      
                time2005                  1.3958e+01  3.3716e+00   4.1400 3.912e-05 ***      
                time2006                  1.3952e+01  3.3718e+00   4.1380 3.946e-05 ***      
                time2007                  1.3941e+01  3.3718e+00   4.1345 4.005e-05 ***      
                time2008                  1.3908e+01  3.3716e+00   4.1252 4.167e-05 ***      
                time2009                  1.3850e+01  3.3718e+00   4.1077 4.487e-05 ***      
                time2010                  1.3853e+01  3.3716e+00   4.1087 4.466e-05 ***      
                time2011                  1.3830e+01  3.3717e+00   4.1018 4.600e-05 ***      
                time2012                  1.3799e+01  3.3718e+00   4.0924 4.784e-05 ***      
                time2013                  1.3778e+01  3.3718e+00   4.0863 4.910e-05 ***      
                time2014                  1.3754e+01  3.3719e+00   4.0791 5.061e-05 ***      
                time2015                  1.3734e+01  3.3719e+00   4.0730 5.192e-05 ***      
                time2016                  1.3714e+01  3.3718e+00   4.0672 5.319e-05 ***      
                time2017                  1.3708e+01  3.3718e+00   4.0656 5.355e-05 ***      
                time2018                  1.3689e+01  3.3721e+00   4.0595 5.492e-05 ***      
                time2019                  1.3653e+01  3.3719e+00   4.0491 5.737e-05 ***      
                time2020                  1.3575e+01  3.3724e+00   4.0255 6.329e-05 ***      
                time2021                  1.3574e+01  3.3720e+00   4.0254 6.330e-05 ***      
                iis196                   -1.2626e-01  4.4613e-02  -2.8300 0.0047930 **       
                iis197                   -1.9575e-01  4.4632e-02  -4.3859 1.340e-05 ***      
                iis198                   -1.9194e-01  4.4612e-02  -4.3024 1.939e-05 ***      
                iis544                   -3.6167e-01  4.4716e-02  -8.0881 2.807e-15 ***      
                iis545                   -5.3283e-01  4.4942e-02 -11.8559 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis546                   -4.6080e-01  4.6053e-02 -10.0058 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis547                   -4.3417e-01  4.6900e-02  -9.2573 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis548                   -3.6180e-01  4.8102e-02  -7.5214 1.731e-13 ***      
                iis549                   -2.9470e-01  4.7424e-02  -6.2141 9.026e-10 ***      
                iis550                   -2.6380e-01  4.8679e-02  -5.4192 8.334e-08 ***      
                fesisAustralia.2009       1.3171e-01  1.9957e-02   6.5998 8.323e-11 ***      
                fesisAustria.2015         1.0421e-01  1.9349e-02   5.3860 9.956e-08 ***      
                fesisCanada.2015          1.5426e-01  1.9866e-02   7.7651 3.030e-14 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2012        -2.0753e-01  2.0074e-02 -10.3379 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2007         1.2985e-01  2.6532e-02   4.8939 1.237e-06 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2011         1.2535e-01  2.5699e-02   4.8775 1.341e-06 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2019        -2.7894e-01  2.8537e-02  -9.7746 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisFinland.2012        -1.1380e-01  1.8255e-02  -6.2337 8.020e-10 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015  -1.8131e-01  1.9550e-02  -9.2744 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013         -7.6221e-02  2.0858e-02  -3.6543 0.0002779 ***      
                fesisIreland.2010        -9.8908e-02  2.0571e-02  -4.8080 1.880e-06 ***      
                fesisIreland.2018        -1.4423e-01  2.7602e-02  -5.2255 2.317e-07 ***      
                fesisIceland.2008         2.2846e-01  2.0716e-02  11.0280 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisJapan.2011           1.5816e-01  1.8348e-02   8.6203 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2007       8.1644e-02  2.1897e-02   3.7285 0.0002087 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2019       9.1924e-02  2.7529e-02   3.3392 0.0008863 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2004      1.4352e-01  2.5127e-02   5.7117 1.677e-08 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2010          7.9610e-02  1.9870e-02   4.0066 6.845e-05 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010          1.9299e-01  1.8435e-02  10.4691 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisNewZealand.2012      1.2740e-01  1.8922e-02   6.7328 3.557e-11 ***      
                fesisRomania.2009        -1.9836e-01  1.9825e-02 -10.0055 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2006 -1.0765e-01  2.1278e-02  -5.0591 5.434e-07 ***      
                fesisSweden.2005         -1.2720e-01  2.1458e-02  -5.9276 4.900e-09 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   126.567  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  28.475  1 9.493e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04108      
                R-squared           0.99946      
                Log-lik.(n=770)  1412.34531      

AC6_all

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC6_all (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 17:03:50 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 352       
                Sample: 1 to 352       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                           coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                 4.7656e+00  7.7782e-01   6.1268 2.893e-09 ***      
                lpop                 2.3839e-01  2.0215e-01   1.1793 0.2392514          
                lgdp_sq             -6.5888e-02  1.3188e-02  -4.9962 1.009e-06 ***      
                hdd                  4.4154e-05  7.2557e-05   0.6085 0.5433003          
                cdd                  3.4162e-04  1.0532e-04   3.2438 0.0013161 **       
                idBrazil            -2.0894e+00  3.3160e-01  -6.3009 1.087e-09 ***      
                idChile              8.9077e-01  1.9635e-01   4.5366 8.358e-06 ***      
                idChina              6.9138e-01  7.2092e-01   0.9590 0.3383405          
                idColombia          -5.9656e-01  1.0582e-01  -5.6373 4.072e-08 ***      
                idCostaRica         -2.2024e+00  4.9518e-01  -4.4476 1.236e-05 ***      
                idIndia              2.1825e-01  6.8465e-01   0.3188 0.7501194          
                idIndonesia         -2.1422e-01  3.8767e-01  -0.5526 0.5809640          
                idIsrael             1.3181e+00  3.6027e-01   3.6587 0.0003007 ***      
                idMexico             4.3341e-02  2.1264e-01   0.2038 0.8386330          
                idPeru              -5.0276e-02  1.4801e-01  -0.3397 0.7343366          
                idRussia             2.0422e+00  3.8889e-01   5.2515 2.912e-07 ***      
                idSaudiArabia        6.4446e-01  3.0673e-01   2.1010 0.0364939 *        
                idSouthAfrica        2.3512e+00  8.4802e-02  27.7255 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea         7.5034e-01  1.2871e-01   5.8295 1.470e-08 ***      
                idTurkey             4.6352e-01  1.3848e-01   3.3473 0.0009230 ***      
                time2000            -7.4316e+01  1.0811e+01  -6.8741 3.780e-11 ***      
                time2001            -7.4342e+01  1.0811e+01  -6.8767 3.721e-11 ***      
                time2002            -7.4386e+01  1.0812e+01  -6.8800 3.649e-11 ***      
                time2003            -7.4373e+01  1.0816e+01  -6.8763 3.731e-11 ***      
                time2004            -7.4365e+01  1.0820e+01  -6.8726 3.814e-11 ***      
                time2005            -7.4401e+01  1.0824e+01  -6.8736 3.792e-11 ***      
                time2006            -7.4432e+01  1.0827e+01  -6.8744 3.774e-11 ***      
                time2007            -7.4454e+01  1.0832e+01  -6.8738 3.788e-11 ***      
                time2008            -7.4443e+01  1.0832e+01  -6.8722 3.824e-11 ***      
                time2009            -7.4469e+01  1.0831e+01  -6.8756 3.748e-11 ***      
                time2010            -7.4447e+01  1.0834e+01  -6.8718 3.834e-11 ***      
                time2011            -7.4443e+01  1.0840e+01  -6.8675 3.934e-11 ***      
                time2012            -7.4451e+01  1.0841e+01  -6.8675 3.935e-11 ***      
                time2013            -7.4442e+01  1.0844e+01  -6.8645 4.007e-11 ***      
                time2014            -7.4457e+01  1.0846e+01  -6.8649 3.996e-11 ***      
                time2015            -7.4508e+01  1.0846e+01  -6.8699 3.879e-11 ***      
                time2016            -7.4541e+01  1.0846e+01  -6.8724 3.820e-11 ***      
                time2017            -7.4588e+01  1.0849e+01  -6.8751 3.757e-11 ***      
                time2018            -7.4626e+01  1.0850e+01  -6.8777 3.700e-11 ***      
                time2019            -7.4640e+01  1.0851e+01  -6.8788 3.676e-11 ***      
                time2020            -7.4656e+01  1.0848e+01  -6.8821 3.602e-11 ***      
                time2021            -7.4692e+01  1.0853e+01  -6.8825 3.595e-11 ***      
                iis118               3.1019e-01  1.1568e-01   2.6815 0.0077455 **       
                iis126              -2.3593e+00  1.1648e-01 -20.2555 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis127              -1.7887e+00  1.1668e-01 -15.3307 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis128              -3.3373e+00  1.1720e-01 -28.4756 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis129              -1.9549e+00  1.1781e-01 -16.5939 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis130              -2.4837e+00  1.1821e-01 -21.0111 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis131              -2.5815e+00  1.1792e-01 -21.8921 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis132              -2.4819e+00  1.1916e-01 -20.8281 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2013     5.7282e-01  5.1520e-02  11.1183 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisChile.2007      2.8869e-01  5.3860e-02   5.3601 1.692e-07 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2001  7.0319e-01  1.2627e-01   5.5689 5.816e-08 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2004 -8.8995e-01  1.2579e-01  -7.0748 1.113e-11 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2005  1.2616e+00  1.5371e-01   8.2078 7.299e-15 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2006  5.4533e-01  1.1766e-01   4.6346 5.396e-06 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2010    -2.0412e-01  7.2694e-02  -2.8080 0.0053210 **       
                fesisIsrael.2013    -4.0181e-01  7.3798e-02  -5.4447 1.101e-07 ***      
                fesisPeru.2008       2.8029e-01  6.1484e-02   4.5588 7.574e-06 ***      
                fesisRussia.2007    -3.2672e-01  5.8762e-02  -5.5601 6.087e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   49.826  1 1.680e-12 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 38.254  1 6.211e-10 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.10523      
                R-squared          0.99816      
                Log-lik.(n=352)  323.10981      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC6_all (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 17:04:25 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 352       
                Sample: 1 to 352       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                             coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                  -1.9503e+00  6.0045e-01  -3.2481 0.0012975 **       
                lpop                   5.6761e-01  1.9871e-01   2.8566 0.0045900 **       
                lgdp_sq                3.9063e-02  1.0204e-02   3.8283 0.0001579 ***      
                hdd                   -1.6922e-05  8.2375e-05  -0.2054 0.8373802          
                cdd                   -2.3952e-04  1.2010e-04  -1.9943 0.0470544 *        
                idBrazil              -8.1647e-01  3.3849e-01  -2.4121 0.0164786 *        
                idChile               -1.5422e+00  2.1120e-01  -7.3020 2.707e-12 ***      
                idChina                1.5345e-01  7.1364e-01   0.2150 0.8299014          
                idColombia            -1.5064e+00  1.0344e-01 -14.5632 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica           -2.8556e+00  4.7852e-01  -5.9676 6.960e-09 ***      
                idIndia               -2.4163e-01  6.8804e-01  -0.3512 0.7256961          
                idIndonesia           -3.4912e-01  3.9822e-01  -0.8767 0.3813747          
                idIsrael              -8.7362e-01  3.6110e-01  -2.4194 0.0161583 *        
                idMexico              -8.0075e-01  2.1715e-01  -3.6876 0.0002699 ***      
                idPeru                -2.0781e+00  1.2700e-01 -16.3636 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRussia               6.2035e-01  3.8671e-01   1.6042 0.1097590          
                idSaudiArabia         -1.2992e+00  3.4442e-01  -3.7721 0.0001959 ***      
                idSouthAfrica         -6.1542e-01  9.5184e-02  -6.4656 4.231e-10 ***      
                idSouthKorea           4.4907e-01  1.4753e-01   3.0440 0.0025476 **       
                idTurkey              -3.0021e-01  1.4857e-01  -2.0207 0.0442232 *        
                time2000               2.4986e+01  8.7585e+00   2.8527 0.0046444 **       
                time2001               2.4965e+01  8.7593e+00   2.8501 0.0046822 **       
                time2002               2.4970e+01  8.7609e+00   2.8502 0.0046803 **       
                time2003               2.4970e+01  8.7643e+00   2.8490 0.0046974 **       
                time2004               2.4960e+01  8.7686e+00   2.8466 0.0047325 **       
                time2005               2.4911e+01  8.7722e+00   2.8398 0.0048308 **       
                time2006               2.4899e+01  8.7763e+00   2.8371 0.0048716 **       
                time2007               2.4922e+01  8.7800e+00   2.8385 0.0048509 **       
                time2008               2.4946e+01  8.7829e+00   2.8403 0.0048247 **       
                time2009               2.4964e+01  8.7825e+00   2.8425 0.0047913 **       
                time2010               2.4913e+01  8.7849e+00   2.8359 0.0048890 **       
                time2011               2.4927e+01  8.7898e+00   2.8359 0.0048896 **       
                time2012               2.4941e+01  8.7914e+00   2.8369 0.0048739 **       
                time2013               2.4926e+01  8.7935e+00   2.8346 0.0049087 **       
                time2014               2.4928e+01  8.7954e+00   2.8342 0.0049139 **       
                time2015               2.4953e+01  8.7960e+00   2.8368 0.0048750 **       
                time2016               2.4968e+01  8.7972e+00   2.8382 0.0048547 **       
                time2017               2.4996e+01  8.7995e+00   2.8406 0.0048198 **       
                time2018               2.4988e+01  8.8013e+00   2.8391 0.0048410 **       
                time2019               2.4967e+01  8.8020e+00   2.8365 0.0048803 **       
                time2020               2.4873e+01  8.7998e+00   2.8266 0.0050299 **       
                time2021               2.4927e+01  8.8040e+00   2.8313 0.0049582 **       
                iis190                -1.5126e+00  1.2691e-01 -11.9188 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis191                -1.4936e+00  1.2778e-01 -11.6893 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis192                -1.0483e+00  1.2768e-01  -8.2100 7.191e-15 ***      
                iis193                -1.0744e+00  1.2740e-01  -8.4338 1.564e-15 ***      
                iis194                -1.1250e+00  1.2772e-01  -8.8078 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis195                -1.1328e+00  1.2863e-01  -8.8069 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis196                -1.1257e+00  1.2828e-01  -8.7755 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis197                -1.1511e+00  1.2855e-01  -8.9543 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis198                -1.1694e+00  1.2958e-01  -9.0246 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis331                -4.8737e-01  1.3683e-01  -3.5620 0.0004297 ***      
                fesisChile.2010        2.6612e-01  5.4216e-02   4.9085 1.529e-06 ***      
                fesisColombia.2013     3.1706e-01  5.5778e-02   5.6844 3.181e-08 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2008   -3.8692e-01  6.3543e-02  -6.0891 3.569e-09 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2015   -2.0950e-01  6.6537e-02  -3.1487 0.0018098 **       
                fesisSouthKorea.2006  -1.8641e-01  6.7033e-02  -2.7809 0.0057741 **       
                fesisSouthKorea.2014  -1.6312e-01  6.2274e-02  -2.6194 0.0092677 **       
                fesisTurkey.2006       4.1713e-01  6.0800e-02   6.8606 4.102e-11 ***      
                fesisSouthAfrica.2005  4.0771e-01  6.9454e-02   5.8702 1.181e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   111.507  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  86.139  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.11784      
                R-squared          0.99630      
                Log-lik.(n=352)  283.25466      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC6_all (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 17:04:57 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 352       
                Sample: 1 to 352       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                             coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                   8.9160e-01  3.1442e-01  2.8357 0.0048930 **       
                lpop                   6.1780e-01  1.0872e-01  5.6825 3.221e-08 ***      
                lgdp_sq               -2.5632e-04  5.2312e-03 -0.0490 0.9609545          
                hdd                   -8.3388e-06  3.3749e-05 -0.2471 0.8050197          
                cdd                   -1.0179e-05  4.7601e-05 -0.2138 0.8308216          
                idBrazil              -6.8545e-01  1.7906e-01 -3.8279 0.0001582 ***      
                idChile                6.6802e-01  1.0663e-01  6.2650 1.338e-09 ***      
                idChina               -1.9140e+00  3.8373e-01 -4.9879 1.051e-06 ***      
                idColombia            -9.1965e-04  4.9310e-02 -0.0187 0.9851326          
                idCostaRica            1.1944e+00  2.4878e-01  4.8010 2.529e-06 ***      
                idIndia               -1.7731e+00  3.7009e-01 -4.7910 2.648e-06 ***      
                idIndonesia           -5.4263e-01  2.0694e-01 -2.6222 0.0091960 **       
                idIsrael               7.2941e-01  1.8932e-01  3.8529 0.0001437 ***      
                idMexico              -2.0441e-01  1.1558e-01 -1.7686 0.0780106 .        
                idPeru                 1.2651e-01  7.0361e-02  1.7980 0.0732056 .        
                idRussia               1.7922e-01  1.7535e-01  1.0221 0.3075900          
                idSaudiArabia          9.9561e-01  1.4324e-01  6.9506 2.392e-11 ***      
                idSouthAfrica          3.8945e-01  4.1548e-02  9.3735 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea          -3.8258e-02  6.0963e-02 -0.6276 0.5307828          
                idTurkey              -4.5553e-01  6.8147e-02 -6.6845 1.180e-10 ***      
                time2000              -2.3850e+01  4.4717e+00 -5.3336 1.937e-07 ***      
                time2001              -2.3867e+01  4.4721e+00 -5.3368 1.906e-07 ***      
                time2002              -2.3876e+01  4.4728e+00 -5.3380 1.894e-07 ***      
                time2003              -2.3897e+01  4.4748e+00 -5.3403 1.873e-07 ***      
                time2004              -2.3895e+01  4.4773e+00 -5.3369 1.905e-07 ***      
                time2005              -2.3948e+01  4.4797e+00 -5.3459 1.821e-07 ***      
                time2006              -2.3963e+01  4.4821e+00 -5.3463 1.817e-07 ***      
                time2007              -2.3970e+01  4.4842e+00 -5.3453 1.826e-07 ***      
                time2008              -2.3973e+01  4.4863e+00 -5.3436 1.842e-07 ***      
                time2009              -2.3990e+01  4.4850e+00 -5.3490 1.793e-07 ***      
                time2010              -2.4001e+01  4.4865e+00 -5.3496 1.787e-07 ***      
                time2011              -2.4018e+01  4.4893e+00 -5.3501 1.783e-07 ***      
                time2012              -2.4019e+01  4.4906e+00 -5.3488 1.794e-07 ***      
                time2013              -2.4017e+01  4.4923e+00 -5.3463 1.817e-07 ***      
                time2014              -2.4042e+01  4.4933e+00 -5.3505 1.779e-07 ***      
                time2015              -2.4035e+01  4.4934e+00 -5.3488 1.794e-07 ***      
                time2016              -2.4039e+01  4.4939e+00 -5.3493 1.790e-07 ***      
                time2017              -2.4033e+01  4.4956e+00 -5.3460 1.820e-07 ***      
                time2018              -2.4050e+01  4.4965e+00 -5.3486 1.796e-07 ***      
                time2019              -2.4060e+01  4.4971e+00 -5.3501 1.783e-07 ***      
                time2020              -2.4158e+01  4.4957e+00 -5.3736 1.583e-07 ***      
                time2021              -2.4143e+01  4.4982e+00 -5.3673 1.635e-07 ***      
                iis190                -1.7493e-01  5.1756e-02 -3.3799 0.0008241 ***      
                iis191                -1.9050e-01  5.2125e-02 -3.6547 0.0003054 ***      
                iis192                -1.7284e-01  5.2201e-02 -3.3111 0.0010466 **       
                iis193                -1.8535e-01  5.2143e-02 -3.5547 0.0004414 ***      
                iis194                -2.1525e-01  5.2402e-02 -4.1077 5.199e-05 ***      
                iis195                -2.4004e-01  5.2840e-02 -4.5427 8.145e-06 ***      
                iis196                -2.6918e-01  5.2751e-02 -5.1029 6.048e-07 ***      
                iis197                -3.0794e-01  5.2970e-02 -5.8135 1.607e-08 ***      
                iis198                -3.6038e-01  5.3445e-02 -6.7430 8.345e-11 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2012       1.7177e-01  2.3672e-02  7.2560 3.636e-12 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2006   -1.1055e-01  3.0138e-02 -3.6681 0.0002905 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2011    2.2604e-01  2.7380e-02  8.2558 5.330e-15 ***      
                fesisIndia.2008        2.2386e-01  2.3855e-02  9.3841 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSouthKorea.2008  -1.5315e-01  2.3459e-02 -6.5286 2.949e-10 ***      
                fesisMexico.2005       1.7185e-01  2.8893e-02  5.9479 7.777e-09 ***      
                fesisMexico.2017      -2.0367e-01  2.7091e-02 -7.5178 6.937e-13 ***      
                fesisPeru.2009         2.4746e-01  2.5618e-02  9.6598 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSaudiArabia.2007  1.7424e-01  3.0829e-02  5.6517 3.786e-08 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2015       1.5209e-01  2.4763e-02  6.1419 2.671e-09 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   52.382  1 4.569e-13 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 28.503  1 9.355e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.04788      
                R-squared          0.99873      
                Log-lik.(n=352)  600.75134      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC6_all (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:09:11 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 352       
                Sample: 1 to 352       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                            coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                 -2.5305e+00  4.7462e-01 -5.3317 1.946e-07 ***      
                lpop                  1.1653e+00  1.3868e-01  8.4031 1.909e-15 ***      
                lgdp_sq               5.6698e-02  8.5522e-03  6.6297 1.616e-10 ***      
                hdd                   2.4992e-05  5.3324e-05  0.4687 0.6396445          
                cdd                  -6.6997e-05  7.1890e-05 -0.9319 0.3521370          
                idBrazil             -1.2209e+00  2.4180e-01 -5.0494 7.804e-07 ***      
                idChile               5.5995e-01  1.4919e-01  3.7532 0.0002105 ***      
                idChina              -1.8093e+00  5.1808e-01 -3.4924 0.0005526 ***      
                idColombia           -9.9881e-02  7.2102e-02 -1.3853 0.1670209          
                idCostaRica           1.7747e-02  3.5099e-01  0.0506 0.9597079          
                idIndia              -2.1966e+00  4.8412e-01 -4.5374 8.321e-06 ***      
                idIndonesia          -7.5196e-01  2.7222e-01 -2.7623 0.0061015 **       
                idIsrael              4.1146e-01  2.5976e-01  1.5840 0.1142734          
                idMexico             -3.9004e-01  1.5646e-01 -2.4928 0.0132254 *        
                idPeru               -2.9142e-01  9.4900e-02 -3.0708 0.0023353 **       
                idRussia             -2.5785e-01  2.7391e-01 -0.9414 0.3473003          
                idSaudiArabia         1.7233e+00  2.0728e-01  8.3139 3.513e-15 ***      
                idSouthAfrica         9.8111e-01  5.5332e-02 17.7312 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea          5.2405e-01  1.0754e-01  4.8730 1.803e-06 ***      
                idTurkey             -9.7797e-02  1.0150e-01 -0.9635 0.3360703          
                time2000              1.7250e+01  6.8578e+00  2.5153 0.0124271 *        
                time2001              1.7223e+01  6.8583e+00  2.5113 0.0125679 *        
                time2002              1.7215e+01  6.8593e+00  2.5097 0.0126220 *        
                time2003              1.7239e+01  6.8617e+00  2.5124 0.0125299 *        
                time2004              1.7202e+01  6.8648e+00  2.5058 0.0127612 *        
                time2005              1.7177e+01  6.8667e+00  2.5014 0.0129143 *        
                time2006              1.7206e+01  6.8683e+00  2.5052 0.0127811 *        
                time2007              1.7201e+01  6.8702e+00  2.5037 0.0128348 *        
                time2008              1.7183e+01  6.8716e+00  2.5005 0.0129480 *        
                time2009              1.7151e+01  6.8719e+00  2.4957 0.0131191 *        
                time2010              1.7189e+01  6.8731e+00  2.5009 0.0129337 *        
                time2011              1.7181e+01  6.8756e+00  2.4988 0.0130097 *        
                time2012              1.7100e+01  6.8771e+00  2.4866 0.0134554 *        
                time2013              1.7072e+01  6.8780e+00  2.4822 0.0136181 *        
                time2014              1.7102e+01  6.8806e+00  2.4855 0.0134929 *        
                time2015              1.7065e+01  6.8815e+00  2.4798 0.0137059 *        
                time2016              1.7012e+01  6.8824e+00  2.4718 0.0140103 *        
                time2017              1.6983e+01  6.8833e+00  2.4673 0.0141853 *        
                time2018              1.6937e+01  6.8842e+00  2.4602 0.0144625 *        
                time2019              1.6938e+01  6.8836e+00  2.4607 0.0144441 *        
                time2020              1.6871e+01  6.8828e+00  2.4511 0.0148247 *        
                time2021              1.6881e+01  6.8848e+00  2.4519 0.0147921 *        
                iis188               -7.5812e-01  7.9882e-02 -9.4905 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis189               -5.9586e-01  7.9480e-02 -7.4970 7.805e-13 ***      
                iis331               -6.5884e-01  7.7671e-02 -8.4823 1.106e-15 ***      
                fesisChina.2004       3.1578e-01  5.6292e-02  5.6097 4.693e-08 ***      
                fesisChina.2014      -2.8238e-01  5.3838e-02 -5.2450 3.000e-07 ***      
                fesisColombia.2006   -2.7693e-01  3.7199e-02 -7.4446 1.090e-12 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2019  -2.0782e-01  4.9910e-02 -4.1639 4.119e-05 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2013  -1.6521e-01  3.5558e-02 -4.6463 5.113e-06 ***      
                fesisIndia.2009       2.6117e-01  3.9512e-02  6.6099 1.815e-10 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2003     -3.1898e-01  5.2744e-02 -6.0477 4.470e-09 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2010      3.8062e-01  3.9291e-02  9.6873 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSouthKorea.2003 -2.0601e-01  4.9195e-02 -4.1877 3.732e-05 ***      
                fesisMexico.2014     -1.6730e-01  3.5545e-02 -4.7068 3.887e-06 ***      
                fesisRussia.2012      2.1775e-01  5.0902e-02  4.2778 2.559e-05 ***      
                fesisRussia.2015      2.0330e-01  5.3666e-02  3.7883 0.0001841 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2008     -3.2598e-01  3.8250e-02 -8.5224 8.386e-16 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2017      2.5368e-01  4.4037e-02  5.7605 2.120e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   45.790  1 1.316e-11 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 34.535  1 4.186e-09 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.07291      
                R-squared          0.99864      
                Log-lik.(n=352)  451.77055      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                AC6_all (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:36:14 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 352       
                Sample: 1 to 352       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                             coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                  -5.3706e-01  2.9032e-01 -1.8499 0.0653485 .        
                lpop                   5.8240e-01  1.1313e-01  5.1479 4.857e-07 ***      
                lgdp_sq                2.3665e-02  5.0080e-03  4.7255 3.579e-06 ***      
                hdd                    7.6952e-06  2.9327e-05  0.2624 0.7932040          
                cdd                    3.8894e-05  4.2681e-05  0.9113 0.3629045          
                idBrazil              -9.2725e-01  1.8067e-01 -5.1321 5.246e-07 ***      
                idChile                2.7518e-01  1.0407e-01  2.6442 0.0086329 **       
                idChina               -2.7925e-01  3.9947e-01 -0.6991 0.4850756          
                idColombia            -3.0217e-01  4.8037e-02 -6.2903 1.159e-09 ***      
                idCostaRica           -2.8429e-01  2.5152e-01 -1.1303 0.2592735          
                idIndia               -6.7972e-01  3.8077e-01 -1.7851 0.0752794 .        
                idIndonesia           -3.7212e-01  2.0912e-01 -1.7794 0.0762143 .        
                idIsrael               6.7599e-01  2.0013e-01  3.3778 0.0008303 ***      
                idMexico              -1.4723e-01  1.1638e-01 -1.2651 0.2068527          
                idPeru                -4.3879e-01  6.0350e-02 -7.2708 3.316e-12 ***      
                idRussia               1.0467e+00  1.8725e-01  5.5901 5.225e-08 ***      
                idSaudiArabia          9.6431e-01  1.3281e-01  7.2607 3.532e-12 ***      
                idSouthAfrica          1.1732e+00  3.8674e-02 30.3349 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea           4.1208e-01  5.2720e-02  7.8164 1.001e-13 ***      
                idTurkey               4.6849e-02  7.1650e-02  0.6539 0.5137167          
                time2000              -8.1161e-01  4.0710e+00 -0.1994 0.8421196          
                time2001              -8.3041e-01  4.0713e+00 -0.2040 0.8385238          
                time2002              -8.3922e-01  4.0719e+00 -0.2061 0.8368570          
                time2003              -8.2615e-01  4.0732e+00 -0.2028 0.8394135          
                time2004              -8.2551e-01  4.0750e+00 -0.2026 0.8396068          
                time2005              -8.4495e-01  4.0763e+00 -0.2073 0.8359329          
                time2006              -8.4606e-01  4.0784e+00 -0.2075 0.8358019          
                time2007              -8.4457e-01  4.0798e+00 -0.2070 0.8361454          
                time2008              -8.5225e-01  4.0813e+00 -0.2088 0.8347346          
                time2009              -8.8549e-01  4.0802e+00 -0.2170 0.8283461          
                time2010              -8.8391e-01  4.0812e+00 -0.2166 0.8286866          
                time2011              -8.7870e-01  4.0835e+00 -0.2152 0.8297751          
                time2012              -8.8823e-01  4.0840e+00 -0.2175 0.8279777          
                time2013              -9.1556e-01  4.0856e+00 -0.2241 0.8228433          
                time2014              -9.1867e-01  4.0867e+00 -0.2248 0.8222955          
                time2015              -9.3859e-01  4.0875e+00 -0.2296 0.8185452          
                time2016              -9.5109e-01  4.0879e+00 -0.2327 0.8161884          
                time2017              -9.6682e-01  4.0890e+00 -0.2364 0.8132532          
                time2018              -9.8492e-01  4.0897e+00 -0.2408 0.8098566          
                time2019              -9.9656e-01  4.0900e+00 -0.2437 0.8076692          
                time2020              -1.0528e+00  4.0893e+00 -0.2575 0.7970109          
                time2021              -1.0438e+00  4.0910e+00 -0.2552 0.7987873          
                iis190                -1.3606e-01  4.6849e-02 -2.9042 0.0039645 **       
                iis191                -2.0403e-01  4.7161e-02 -4.3263 2.087e-05 ***      
                iis192                -1.8974e-01  4.7264e-02 -4.0146 7.583e-05 ***      
                iis193                -2.3109e-01  4.7201e-02 -4.8958 1.626e-06 ***      
                iis194                -2.4969e-01  4.7359e-02 -5.2722 2.632e-07 ***      
                iis195                -3.4194e-01  4.7709e-02 -7.1672 6.325e-12 ***      
                iis196                -3.4900e-01  4.7708e-02 -7.3153 2.507e-12 ***      
                iis197                -3.6316e-01  4.7893e-02 -7.5827 4.571e-13 ***      
                iis198                -4.4589e-01  4.8302e-02 -9.2312 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2013       9.7555e-02  2.1228e-02  4.5955 6.440e-06 ***      
                fesisChile.2015        1.1146e-01  2.0878e-02  5.3384 1.891e-07 ***      
                fesisChina.2015       -1.7962e-01  2.8662e-02 -6.2668 1.325e-09 ***      
                fesisColombia.2003    -1.6619e-01  2.7947e-02 -5.9467 7.830e-09 ***      
                fesisIndia.2009        8.5996e-02  2.1324e-02  4.0329 7.045e-05 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2005      -9.6679e-02  2.5761e-02 -3.7529 0.0002110 ***      
                fesisMexico.2014      -9.0557e-02  2.1451e-02 -4.2216 3.247e-05 ***      
                fesisPeru.2009         1.7255e-01  2.2568e-02  7.6459 3.041e-13 ***      
                fesisRussia.2006      -1.6646e-01  2.5964e-02 -6.4110 5.821e-10 ***      
                fesisSaudiArabia.2009  1.6126e-01  2.8004e-02  5.7585 2.155e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   85.439  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 47.308  1 6.067e-12 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.04257      
                R-squared          0.99945      
                Log-lik.(n=352)  642.13648      

east_euro

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                east_euro (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:49:49 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 242       
                Sample: 1 to 242       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     -1.9441e+00  1.0341e+00  -1.8801 0.0616377 .        
                lpop                      1.0348e+00  2.0317e-01   5.0935 8.473e-07 ***      
                lgdp_sq                   3.8164e-02  2.0062e-02   1.9023 0.0586545 .        
                hdd                       1.7172e-04  4.6847e-05   3.6656 0.0003205 ***      
                cdd                       8.0384e-08  1.0292e-04   0.0008 0.9993776          
                idCroatia                -9.9967e-01  1.1889e-01  -8.4087 9.925e-15 ***      
                idCzechRepublic           5.8350e-01  1.8123e-01   3.2197 0.0015105 **       
                idEstonia                 5.9985e-01  4.0914e-01   1.4661 0.1442740          
                idHungary                -4.4162e-01  1.4766e-01  -2.9907 0.0031540 **       
                idLatvia                 -1.3866e+00  2.9427e-01  -4.7119 4.746e-06 ***      
                idLithuania              -1.2983e+00  1.9812e-01  -6.5532 5.209e-10 ***      
                idPoland                  9.7117e-02  4.4382e-01   0.2188 0.8270249          
                idRomania                -6.0348e-01  2.7598e-01  -2.1867 0.0299933 *        
                idSlovakRepublic         -5.7537e-01  9.1847e-02  -6.2644 2.467e-09 ***      
                idSlovenia               -2.8612e-02  2.7063e-01  -0.1057 0.9159124          
                time2000                  1.8067e+01  1.4725e+01   1.2270 0.2213464          
                time2001                  1.8079e+01  1.4726e+01   1.2277 0.2211002          
                time2002                  1.8077e+01  1.4729e+01   1.2273 0.2212513          
                time2003                  1.8095e+01  1.4733e+01   1.2282 0.2209077          
                time2004                  1.8047e+01  1.4733e+01   1.2249 0.2221215          
                time2005                  1.8045e+01  1.4737e+01   1.2245 0.2222907          
                time2006                  1.8069e+01  1.4741e+01   1.2258 0.2218148          
                time2007                  1.8170e+01  1.4744e+01   1.2323 0.2193606          
                time2008                  1.8099e+01  1.4743e+01   1.2277 0.2211031          
                time2009                  1.7976e+01  1.4737e+01   1.2198 0.2240583          
                time2010                  1.7988e+01  1.4737e+01   1.2206 0.2237416          
                time2011                  1.8037e+01  1.4738e+01   1.2238 0.2225515          
                time2012                  1.7956e+01  1.4739e+01   1.2182 0.2246516          
                time2013                  1.7841e+01  1.4739e+01   1.2105 0.2276134          
                time2014                  1.7810e+01  1.4739e+01   1.2083 0.2284297          
                time2015                  1.7804e+01  1.4742e+01   1.2077 0.2286626          
                time2016                  1.7778e+01  1.4741e+01   1.2060 0.2293234          
                time2017                  1.7763e+01  1.4743e+01   1.2048 0.2297731          
                time2018                  1.7747e+01  1.4745e+01   1.2036 0.2302446          
                time2019                  1.7730e+01  1.4745e+01   1.2024 0.2306963          
                time2020                  1.7616e+01  1.4742e+01   1.1949 0.2336139          
                time2021                  1.7627e+01  1.4744e+01   1.1955 0.2333747          
                iis125                   -2.4895e-01  7.6740e-02  -3.2441 0.0013935 **       
                iis126                   -2.8314e-01  7.6365e-02  -3.7077 0.0002747 ***      
                iis127                   -4.9327e-01  7.6342e-02  -6.4614 8.580e-10 ***      
                iis128                   -6.9080e-01  7.7377e-02  -8.9277 3.810e-16 ***      
                iis129                   -7.1380e-01  7.7452e-02  -9.2160 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis130                   -8.4059e-01  7.7944e-02 -10.7845 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis131                   -6.3279e-01  7.8920e-02  -8.0182 1.091e-13 ***      
                iis132                   -7.8393e-01  7.8105e-02 -10.0368 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2008        3.4061e-01  3.4845e-02   9.7747 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2004         2.3659e-01  4.5818e-02   5.1636 6.110e-07 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2013         2.7515e-01  3.9012e-02   7.0530 3.208e-11 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2019        -6.4606e-01  5.1754e-02 -12.4833 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisHungary.2005        -2.1086e-01  3.8628e-02  -5.4588 1.493e-07 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2013          2.6976e-01  3.8150e-02   7.0708 2.899e-11 ***      
                fesisPoland.2013          1.9724e-01  4.0778e-02   4.8370 2.726e-06 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2007 -1.6172e-01  3.9074e-02  -4.1388 5.254e-05 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df  p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   13.918  1 0.000191 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  7.660  1 0.005646 **       
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.06728      
                R-squared          0.99799      
                Log-lik.(n=242)  336.23574      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                east_euro (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:00:56 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 242       
                Sample: 1 to 242       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -3.7142e+00  9.7840e-01  -3.7962 0.0001973 ***      
                lpop                    -2.7161e+00  1.9569e-01 -13.8797 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  8.8210e-02  1.9221e-02   4.5893 8.045e-06 ***      
                hdd                      1.2722e-04  4.7114e-05   2.7003 0.0075496 **       
                cdd                      7.2952e-05  1.0367e-04   0.7037 0.4824650          
                idCroatia               -1.1618e+00  1.1180e-01 -10.3923 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          1.6239e+00  1.4540e-01  11.1685 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia               -5.6863e+00  3.8341e-01 -14.8310 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                1.9393e+00  1.1143e-01  17.4033 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLatvia                -3.7887e+00  2.8119e-01 -13.4734 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLithuania             -2.9299e+00  1.9298e-01 -15.1825 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                 5.7021e+00  3.7343e-01  15.2695 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRomania                3.3643e+00  2.3724e-01  14.1809 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic        -3.0498e-01  8.5997e-02  -3.5464 0.0004913 ***      
                idSlovenia              -3.5778e+00  2.6551e-01 -13.4748 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                 8.8770e+01  1.4350e+01   6.1860 3.674e-09 ***      
                time2001                 8.8742e+01  1.4349e+01   6.1844 3.706e-09 ***      
                time2002                 8.8724e+01  1.4351e+01   6.1823 3.747e-09 ***      
                time2003                 8.8684e+01  1.4353e+01   6.1786 3.820e-09 ***      
                time2004                 8.8654e+01  1.4354e+01   6.1764 3.866e-09 ***      
                time2005                 8.8579e+01  1.4357e+01   6.1695 4.008e-09 ***      
                time2006                 8.8544e+01  1.4360e+01   6.1658 4.086e-09 ***      
                time2007                 8.8412e+01  1.4363e+01   6.1555 4.316e-09 ***      
                time2008                 8.8423e+01  1.4362e+01   6.1568 4.286e-09 ***      
                time2009                 8.8412e+01  1.4357e+01   6.1580 4.259e-09 ***      
                time2010                 8.8410e+01  1.4356e+01   6.1582 4.254e-09 ***      
                time2011                 8.8363e+01  1.4356e+01   6.1549 4.328e-09 ***      
                time2012                 8.8276e+01  1.4355e+01   6.1494 4.457e-09 ***      
                time2013                 8.8253e+01  1.4355e+01   6.1480 4.489e-09 ***      
                time2014                 8.8164e+01  1.4355e+01   6.1418 4.638e-09 ***      
                time2015                 8.8135e+01  1.4356e+01   6.1393 4.698e-09 ***      
                time2016                 8.8122e+01  1.4355e+01   6.1389 4.709e-09 ***      
                time2017                 8.8098e+01  1.4355e+01   6.1372 4.750e-09 ***      
                time2018                 8.8044e+01  1.4356e+01   6.1330 4.856e-09 ***      
                time2019                 8.8002e+01  1.4356e+01   6.1299 4.937e-09 ***      
                time2020                 8.7979e+01  1.4355e+01   6.1289 4.964e-09 ***      
                time2021                 8.7929e+01  1.4354e+01   6.1256 5.050e-09 ***      
                iis59                    2.2140e-01  8.3032e-02   2.6665 0.0083220 **       
                iis60                    3.0317e-01  8.2710e-02   3.6654 0.0003199 ***      
                iis61                    2.5395e-01  8.1773e-02   3.1055 0.0021886 **       
                iis62                    2.2716e-01  8.2331e-02   2.7591 0.0063596 **       
                iis63                    2.6057e-01  8.2756e-02   3.1486 0.0019038 **       
                iis64                    2.8530e-01  8.3253e-02   3.4268 0.0007477 ***      
                iis65                    3.6790e-01  8.4782e-02   4.3393 2.314e-05 ***      
                iis66                    3.4467e-01  8.4537e-02   4.0772 6.685e-05 ***      
                iis199                   3.3151e-01  7.4006e-02   4.4796 1.286e-05 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2008      -2.8888e-01  3.2468e-02  -8.8974 4.369e-16 ***      
                fesisCzechRepublic.2012  2.0683e-01  3.4311e-02   6.0280 8.408e-09 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2011        1.6408e-01  4.7210e-02   3.4756 0.0006309 ***      
                fesisPoland.2005         1.2597e-01  4.4774e-02   2.8135 0.0054132 **       
                fesisSlovenia.2012      -1.5986e-01  3.7089e-02  -4.3102 2.609e-05 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   44.275  1 2.854e-11 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 24.654  1 6.860e-07 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.06724      
                R-squared          0.99782      
                Log-lik.(n=242)  335.39523      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                east_euro (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:12:10 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 242       
                Sample: 1 to 242       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     -5.4038e+00  5.1614e-01 -10.4696 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lpop                     -3.8608e-01  1.7170e-01  -2.2486 0.0256676 *        
                lgdp_sq                   1.2213e-01  9.9905e-03  12.2246 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                hdd                       2.2220e-05  2.9102e-05   0.7635 0.4460687          
                cdd                       1.4524e-06  6.4539e-05   0.0225 0.9820685          
                idCroatia                -5.8415e-01  9.6264e-02  -6.0682 6.715e-09 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          -6.3436e-02  1.0642e-01  -0.5961 0.5518069          
                idEstonia                -1.5545e+00  3.1589e-01  -4.9211 1.840e-06 ***      
                idHungary                -1.6092e-01  8.4493e-02  -1.9045 0.0583288 .        
                idLatvia                 -1.0984e+00  2.2896e-01  -4.7976 3.207e-06 ***      
                idLithuania              -8.0926e-01  1.5582e-01  -5.1936 5.214e-07 ***      
                idPoland                  4.4290e-01  3.2448e-01   1.3650 0.1738478          
                idRomania                 2.1693e-01  2.1005e-01   1.0327 0.3030207          
                idSlovakRepublic         -7.0557e-01  7.8837e-02  -8.9498 2.959e-16 ***      
                idSlovenia               -1.0173e+00  2.3267e-01  -4.3723 2.008e-05 ***      
                time2000                  7.3968e+01  8.4673e+00   8.7358 1.157e-15 ***      
                time2001                  7.4020e+01  8.4684e+00   8.7408 1.121e-15 ***      
                time2002                  7.4027e+01  8.4690e+00   8.7409 1.120e-15 ***      
                time2003                  7.4043e+01  8.4715e+00   8.7402 1.125e-15 ***      
                time2004                  7.4064e+01  8.4715e+00   8.7427 1.107e-15 ***      
                time2005                  7.4096e+01  8.4741e+00   8.7439 1.099e-15 ***      
                time2006                  7.4115e+01  8.4750e+00   8.7451 1.090e-15 ***      
                time2007                  7.4148e+01  8.4759e+00   8.7481 1.070e-15 ***      
                time2008                  7.4139e+01  8.4745e+00   8.7485 1.067e-15 ***      
                time2009                  7.4104e+01  8.4720e+00   8.7470 1.078e-15 ***      
                time2010                  7.4097e+01  8.4723e+00   8.7459 1.085e-15 ***      
                time2011                  7.4086e+01  8.4719e+00   8.7448 1.092e-15 ***      
                time2012                  7.4066e+01  8.4726e+00   8.7418 1.114e-15 ***      
                time2013                  7.4029e+01  8.4717e+00   8.7384 1.138e-15 ***      
                time2014                  7.4059e+01  8.4702e+00   8.7434 1.102e-15 ***      
                time2015                  7.4083e+01  8.4711e+00   8.7454 1.088e-15 ***      
                time2016                  7.4090e+01  8.4720e+00   8.7453 1.089e-15 ***      
                time2017                  7.4106e+01  8.4723e+00   8.7469 1.078e-15 ***      
                time2018                  7.4094e+01  8.4727e+00   8.7450 1.091e-15 ***      
                time2019                  7.4094e+01  8.4720e+00   8.7458 1.085e-15 ***      
                time2020                  7.4040e+01  8.4706e+00   8.7408 1.121e-15 ***      
                time2021                  7.4045e+01  8.4727e+00   8.7393 1.131e-15 ***      
                iis201                    1.3007e-01  4.9913e-02   2.6060 0.0098749 **       
                iis214                   -9.0861e-02  5.4999e-02  -1.6521 0.1001499          
                fesisCzechRepublic.2010  -1.0894e-01  2.2609e-02  -4.8183 2.923e-06 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2016       1.2674e-01  2.5488e-02   4.9723 1.457e-06 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2011         -1.3435e-01  2.3708e-02  -5.6667 5.236e-08 ***      
                fesisRomania.2005        -1.8531e-01  2.5966e-02  -7.1368 1.885e-11 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2001  1.7375e-01  4.9985e-02   3.4761 0.0006283 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2006 -1.1672e-01  2.9014e-02  -4.0229 8.246e-05 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2014 -1.0999e-01  3.5905e-02  -3.0634 0.0025014 **       
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2017  1.3118e-01  3.7754e-02   3.4747 0.0006315 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2008        1.8950e-01  2.4628e-02   7.6946 7.131e-13 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2019       -1.4001e-01  3.0759e-02  -4.5520 9.388e-06 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   40.3226  1 2.153e-10 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  9.6343  1   0.00191 **       
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.04255      
                R-squared          0.99787      
                Log-lik.(n=242)  445.10204      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                east_euro (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:09:44 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 242       
                Sample: 1 to 242       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     3.0215e+00  8.6992e-01  3.4733 0.0006372 ***      
                lpop                     6.6726e-01  2.5336e-01  2.6337 0.0091467 **       
                lgdp_sq                 -4.7742e-02  1.6817e-02 -2.8388 0.0050234 **       
                hdd                      8.8241e-05  5.3812e-05  1.6398 0.1027057          
                cdd                     -9.6656e-05  1.2212e-04 -0.7915 0.4296451          
                idCroatia                1.9609e-01  1.4387e-01  1.3630 0.1745050          
                idCzechRepublic          3.4562e-01  1.7156e-01  2.0145 0.0453718 *        
                idEstonia               -2.4552e-02  4.5781e-01 -0.0536 0.9572861          
                idHungary               -6.0209e-01  1.3305e-01 -4.5253 1.065e-05 ***      
                idLatvia                -4.8250e-01  3.3542e-01 -1.4385 0.1519510          
                idLithuania             -1.5877e-01  2.2110e-01 -0.7181 0.4735838          
                idPoland                -3.3195e-01  4.7495e-01 -0.6989 0.4854636          
                idRomania                9.4182e-02  3.0277e-01  0.3111 0.7560935          
                idSlovakRepublic         7.5255e-01  1.0325e-01  7.2884 8.306e-12 ***      
                idSlovenia              -4.1851e-02  3.2745e-01 -0.1278 0.8984351          
                time2000                -4.7247e+01  1.2921e+01 -3.6565 0.0003313 ***      
                time2001                -4.7310e+01  1.2924e+01 -3.6606 0.0003264 ***      
                time2002                -4.7351e+01  1.2926e+01 -3.6633 0.0003232 ***      
                time2003                -4.7371e+01  1.2930e+01 -3.6637 0.0003228 ***      
                time2004                -4.7387e+01  1.2930e+01 -3.6648 0.0003215 ***      
                time2005                -4.7427e+01  1.2933e+01 -3.6671 0.0003187 ***      
                time2006                -4.7452e+01  1.2936e+01 -3.6683 0.0003174 ***      
                time2007                -4.7448e+01  1.2938e+01 -3.6674 0.0003184 ***      
                time2008                -4.7485e+01  1.2937e+01 -3.6705 0.0003149 ***      
                time2009                -4.7653e+01  1.2935e+01 -3.6840 0.0002996 ***      
                time2010                -4.7662e+01  1.2936e+01 -3.6844 0.0002993 ***      
                time2011                -4.7645e+01  1.2936e+01 -3.6832 0.0003006 ***      
                time2012                -4.7703e+01  1.2937e+01 -3.6874 0.0002960 ***      
                time2013                -4.7705e+01  1.2936e+01 -3.6878 0.0002956 ***      
                time2014                -4.7755e+01  1.2935e+01 -3.6919 0.0002911 ***      
                time2015                -4.7771e+01  1.2937e+01 -3.6927 0.0002903 ***      
                time2016                -4.7793e+01  1.2938e+01 -3.6940 0.0002889 ***      
                time2017                -4.7819e+01  1.2939e+01 -3.6956 0.0002872 ***      
                time2018                -4.7772e+01  1.2940e+01 -3.6917 0.0002913 ***      
                time2019                -4.7815e+01  1.2941e+01 -3.6949 0.0002879 ***      
                time2020                -4.7850e+01  1.2938e+01 -3.6983 0.0002844 ***      
                time2021                -4.7844e+01  1.2942e+01 -3.6968 0.0002860 ***      
                iis1                     6.1179e-01  8.9578e-02  6.8296 1.131e-10 ***      
                iis2                     5.9846e-01  8.8615e-02  6.7534 1.729e-10 ***      
                iis3                     5.6117e-01  8.8096e-02  6.3700 1.404e-09 ***      
                iis4                     6.1096e-01  8.7815e-02  6.9574 5.518e-11 ***      
                iis5                     5.7027e-01  8.7880e-02  6.4892 7.379e-10 ***      
                iis6                     5.2660e-01  8.7615e-02  6.0104 9.352e-09 ***      
                iis7                     5.4227e-01  8.7334e-02  6.2091 3.307e-09 ***      
                iis8                     5.7359e-01  8.6897e-02  6.6008 4.015e-10 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2017       2.8407e-01  4.7109e-02  6.0301 8.442e-09 ***      
                fesisCzechRepublic.2007 -1.7251e-01  4.0666e-02 -4.2421 3.464e-05 ***      
                fesisHungary.2011        1.9630e-01  5.4685e-02  3.5897 0.0004219 ***      
                fesisHungary.2014        2.7999e-01  5.5616e-02  5.0344 1.113e-06 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2005      1.6206e-01  5.6931e-02  2.8466 0.0049070 **       
                fesisLithuania.2009      1.4435e-01  5.3275e-02  2.7095 0.0073583 **       
                fesisLatvia.2016        -2.7760e-01  4.7255e-02 -5.8746 1.879e-08 ***      
                fesisRomania.2009       -2.7813e-01  4.2356e-02 -6.5664 4.846e-10 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df  p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   20.9438  1 4.73e-06 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  4.4405  1   0.0351 *        
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.07772      
                R-squared          0.99676      
                Log-lik.(n=242)  301.33388      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                east_euro (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:36:57 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 242       
                Sample: 1 to 242       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      2.5031e+00  5.9929e-01   4.1768 4.439e-05 ***      
                lpop                     -2.6147e-01  1.0061e-01  -2.5990 0.0100575 *        
                lgdp_sq                  -4.3573e-02  1.2104e-02  -3.5998 0.0004029 ***      
                hdd                       1.0037e-04  2.5993e-05   3.8612 0.0001529 ***      
                cdd                      -1.6891e-05  5.7168e-05  -0.2955 0.7679508          
                idCroatia                -9.9379e-01  5.7011e-02 -17.4314 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic           5.0095e-01  9.5686e-02   5.2354 4.203e-07 ***      
                idEstonia                -1.2681e+00  1.9800e-01  -6.4047 1.083e-09 ***      
                idHungary                -1.3622e-01  6.9084e-02  -1.9718 0.0500293 .        
                idLatvia                 -1.9920e+00  1.4604e-01 -13.6402 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLithuania              -1.5712e+00  9.6342e-02 -16.3088 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  1.5877e+00  2.1779e-01   7.2901 7.339e-12 ***      
                idRomania                 5.6594e-01  1.3585e-01   4.1659 4.638e-05 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         -4.8077e-01  4.6644e-02 -10.3072 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovenia               -1.3713e+00  1.3152e-01 -10.4265 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                 -2.0335e+01  8.3573e+00  -2.4331 0.0158608 *        
                time2001                 -2.0344e+01  8.3576e+00  -2.4342 0.0158159 *        
                time2002                 -2.0362e+01  8.3581e+00  -2.4362 0.0157336 *        
                time2003                 -2.0364e+01  8.3591e+00  -2.4362 0.0157333 *        
                time2004                 -2.0374e+01  8.3589e+00  -2.4374 0.0156816 *        
                time2005                 -2.0402e+01  8.3595e+00  -2.4406 0.0155467 *        
                time2006                 -2.0392e+01  8.3598e+00  -2.4393 0.0156013 *        
                time2007                 -2.0354e+01  8.3602e+00  -2.4346 0.0157983 *        
                time2008                 -2.0382e+01  8.3594e+00  -2.4382 0.0156463 *        
                time2009                 -2.0486e+01  8.3598e+00  -2.4506 0.0151358 *        
                time2010                 -2.0491e+01  8.3592e+00  -2.4513 0.0151074 *        
                time2011                 -2.0478e+01  8.3589e+00  -2.4499 0.0151625 *        
                time2012                 -2.0537e+01  8.3592e+00  -2.4568 0.0148816 *        
                time2013                 -2.0571e+01  8.3588e+00  -2.4610 0.0147165 *        
                time2014                 -2.0573e+01  8.3589e+00  -2.4612 0.0147067 *        
                time2015                 -2.0577e+01  8.3590e+00  -2.4617 0.0146882 *        
                time2016                 -2.0601e+01  8.3587e+00  -2.4646 0.0145727 *        
                time2017                 -2.0584e+01  8.3585e+00  -2.4627 0.0146493 *        
                time2018                 -2.0583e+01  8.3585e+00  -2.4625 0.0146557 *        
                time2019                 -2.0606e+01  8.3576e+00  -2.4655 0.0145371 *        
                time2020                 -2.0672e+01  8.3573e+00  -2.4736 0.0142236 *        
                time2021                 -2.0673e+01  8.3574e+00  -2.4736 0.0142207 *        
                iis58                     1.2838e-01  4.1936e-02   3.0614 0.0025103 **       
                fesisEstonia.2010         1.8474e-01  1.9882e-02   9.2917 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2019        -3.1231e-01  2.7960e-02 -11.1696 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2005       7.6840e-02  2.2912e-02   3.3537 0.0009562 ***      
                fesisPoland.2009          8.4003e-02  2.7647e-02   3.0384 0.0027010 **       
                fesisPoland.2014          7.8717e-02  2.4714e-02   3.1851 0.0016823 **       
                fesisRomania.2009        -1.4100e-01  2.1918e-02  -6.4330 9.286e-10 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2006 -7.3913e-02  2.2318e-02  -3.3119 0.0011024 **       
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   28.5279  1 9.236e-08 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  7.9084  1  0.004921 **       
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.03752      
                R-squared          0.99893      
                Log-lik.(n=242)  473.55818      

emerging

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                emerging (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:51:51 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 286       
                Sample: 1 to 286       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                           coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                 8.7008e+00  6.7927e-01  12.8090 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lpop                -1.5172e+00  4.0324e-01  -3.7625 0.0002129 ***      
                lgdp_sq             -1.3322e-01  1.1549e-02 -11.5351 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                hdd                  3.8160e-07  8.5820e-05   0.0044 0.9964560          
                cdd                  3.2604e-04  1.3336e-04   2.4448 0.0152343 *        
                idBrazil             3.5895e-01  6.4626e-01   0.5554 0.5791411          
                idChile             -8.0362e-02  3.6733e-01  -0.2188 0.8270205          
                idChina              6.5331e+00  1.4401e+00   4.5366 9.154e-06 ***      
                idColombia          -1.6985e-01  1.1394e-01  -1.4906 0.1374081          
                idCostaRica         -4.8541e+00  9.1990e-01  -5.2768 3.005e-07 ***      
                idIndia              5.9353e+00  1.3698e+00   4.3330 2.188e-05 ***      
                idIndonesia          2.8226e+00  7.3308e-01   3.8503 0.0001525 ***      
                idMexico             1.6294e+00  4.1984e-01   3.8810 0.0001354 ***      
                idPeru               2.1570e-02  1.7402e-01   0.1240 0.9014610          
                idRussia             4.3234e+00  6.4123e-01   6.7424 1.215e-10 ***      
                idSouthAfrica        2.9114e+00  1.1745e-01  24.7890 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey             1.4429e+00  2.5157e-01   5.7355 3.002e-08 ***      
                time2000            -1.0074e+02  1.0602e+01  -9.5013 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2001            -1.0076e+02  1.0604e+01  -9.5018 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2002            -1.0080e+02  1.0607e+01  -9.5036 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2003            -1.0077e+02  1.0612e+01  -9.4964 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2004            -1.0076e+02  1.0618e+01  -9.4900 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2005            -1.0080e+02  1.0622e+01  -9.4895 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2006            -1.0083e+02  1.0627e+01  -9.4875 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2007            -1.0081e+02  1.0636e+01  -9.4781 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2008            -1.0076e+02  1.0641e+01  -9.4696 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2009            -1.0078e+02  1.0641e+01  -9.4714 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2010            -1.0075e+02  1.0645e+01  -9.4648 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2011            -1.0076e+02  1.0652e+01  -9.4591 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2012            -1.0076e+02  1.0655e+01  -9.4568 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2013            -1.0076e+02  1.0661e+01  -9.4511 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2014            -1.0075e+02  1.0664e+01  -9.4481 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2015            -1.0079e+02  1.0665e+01  -9.4504 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2016            -1.0080e+02  1.0668e+01  -9.4493 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2017            -1.0084e+02  1.0672e+01  -9.4492 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2018            -1.0085e+02  1.0676e+01  -9.4471 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2019            -1.0086e+02  1.0677e+01  -9.4461 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2020            -1.0084e+02  1.0676e+01  -9.4458 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2021            -1.0087e+02  1.0682e+01  -9.4423 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis118               3.3528e-01  1.2413e-01   2.7011 0.0074181 **       
                iis126              -2.4062e+00  1.2511e-01 -19.2328 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis127              -1.8637e+00  1.2500e-01 -14.9094 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis128              -3.4236e+00  1.2523e-01 -27.3392 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis129              -2.0685e+00  1.2557e-01 -16.4736 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis130              -2.6041e+00  1.2620e-01 -20.6344 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis131              -2.6920e+00  1.2611e-01 -21.3458 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis132              -2.6341e+00  1.2642e-01 -20.8356 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2013     5.9790e-01  5.6355e-02  10.6095 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2001  7.0795e-01  1.3589e-01   5.2099 4.157e-07 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2004 -9.0275e-01  1.3534e-01  -6.6701 1.840e-10 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2005  1.2627e+00  1.6525e-01   7.6408 5.585e-13 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2006  4.2571e-01  1.2496e-01   3.4067 0.0007744 ***      
                fesisRussia.2007    -5.5189e-01  7.7481e-02  -7.1230 1.305e-11 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   28.166  1 1.113e-07 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 25.955  1 3.495e-07 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.11224      
                R-squared          0.99827      
                Log-lik.(n=286)  246.19954      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                emerging (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:02:57 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 286       
                Sample: 1 to 286       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                             coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                  -8.4471e-02  6.6663e-01  -0.1267 0.8992754          
                lpop                   1.6482e+00  3.3293e-01   4.9506 1.409e-06 ***      
                lgdp_sq                7.6856e-03  1.1283e-02   0.6811 0.4964455          
                hdd                    4.6550e-05  7.7095e-05   0.6038 0.5465605          
                cdd                   -1.7158e-04  1.2179e-04  -1.4087 0.1602298          
                idBrazil              -2.6915e+00  5.2920e-01  -5.0860 7.455e-07 ***      
                idChile               -3.6997e-01  3.0178e-01  -1.2260 0.2214351          
                idChina               -3.9224e+00  1.1628e+00  -3.3731 0.0008686 ***      
                idColombia            -1.4260e+00  1.0726e-01 -13.2949 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica            5.1763e-01  7.1844e-01   0.7205 0.4719353          
                idIndia               -4.1627e+00  1.1379e+00  -3.6581 0.0003134 ***      
                idIndonesia           -2.2900e+00  6.1838e-01  -3.7033 0.0002650 ***      
                idMexico              -1.8993e+00  3.3637e-01  -5.6465 4.685e-08 ***      
                idPeru                -1.0930e+00  1.6119e-01  -6.7810 9.494e-11 ***      
                idRussia              -1.1253e+00  5.0280e-01  -2.2381 0.0261512 *        
                idSouthAfrica         -6.1985e-01  1.0494e-01  -5.9066 1.211e-08 ***      
                idTurkey              -9.5748e-01  2.0260e-01  -4.7260 3.936e-06 ***      
                time2000              -2.1433e+01  9.3072e+00  -2.3028 0.0221600 *        
                time2001              -2.1479e+01  9.3087e+00  -2.3074 0.0218978 *        
                time2002              -2.1484e+01  9.3110e+00  -2.3074 0.0219003 *        
                time2003              -2.1517e+01  9.3148e+00  -2.3099 0.0217551 *        
                time2004              -2.1484e+01  9.3154e+00  -2.3062 0.0219641 *        
                time2005              -2.1546e+01  9.3185e+00  -2.3122 0.0216265 *        
                time2006              -2.1586e+01  9.3230e+00  -2.3154 0.0214519 *        
                time2007              -2.1544e+01  9.3270e+00  -2.3098 0.0217610 *        
                time2008              -2.1534e+01  9.3305e+00  -2.3079 0.0218689 *        
                time2009              -2.1554e+01  9.3304e+00  -2.3101 0.0217465 *        
                time2010              -2.1646e+01  9.3337e+00  -2.3191 0.0212423 *        
                time2011              -2.1639e+01  9.3380e+00  -2.3173 0.0213416 *        
                time2012              -2.1644e+01  9.3399e+00  -2.3173 0.0213414 *        
                time2013              -2.1627e+01  9.3436e+00  -2.3146 0.0214948 *        
                time2014              -2.1639e+01  9.3458e+00  -2.3153 0.0214531 *        
                time2015              -2.1633e+01  9.3471e+00  -2.3144 0.0215036 *        
                time2016              -2.1641e+01  9.3490e+00  -2.3148 0.0214823 *        
                time2017              -2.1623e+01  9.3517e+00  -2.3122 0.0216263 *        
                time2018              -2.1683e+01  9.3552e+00  -2.3177 0.0213215 *        
                time2019              -2.1708e+01  9.3565e+00  -2.3201 0.0211910 *        
                time2020              -2.1809e+01  9.3542e+00  -2.3314 0.0205732 *        
                time2021              -2.1777e+01  9.3591e+00  -2.3268 0.0208212 *        
                iis265                -5.0359e-01  1.1353e-01  -4.4357 1.408e-05 ***      
                fesisChile.2010        1.9451e-01  4.6972e-02   4.1410 4.818e-05 ***      
                fesisColombia.2012     2.2364e-01  4.8208e-02   4.6391 5.801e-06 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2004   -4.6024e-01  6.5876e-02  -6.9864 2.855e-11 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2007   -4.7795e-01  5.4827e-02  -8.7175 5.134e-16 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2015   -2.8973e-01  5.4902e-02  -5.2772 2.969e-07 ***      
                fesisMexico.2013      -2.5300e-01  5.0223e-02  -5.0376 9.373e-07 ***      
                fesisPeru.2004        -4.1014e-01  6.5796e-02  -6.2335 2.082e-09 ***      
                fesisRussia.2018       4.5753e-01  6.9859e-02   6.5493 3.582e-10 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2005       3.1079e-01  5.7020e-02   5.4506 1.262e-07 ***      
                fesisSouthAfrica.2006  2.7648e-01  5.6721e-02   4.8744 2.004e-06 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   63.614  1 1.554e-15 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 37.421  1 9.518e-10 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.09876      
                R-squared          0.99746      
                Log-lik.(n=286)  281.28716      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                emerging (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:14:29 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 286       
                Sample: 1 to 286       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                           coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                 5.4315e-01  3.5632e-01  1.5243 0.1287826          
                lpop                 1.0360e+00  1.3369e-01  7.7496 2.833e-13 ***      
                lgdp_sq              7.1216e-03  6.0135e-03  1.1843 0.2375130          
                hdd                 -3.0290e-05  3.5192e-05 -0.8607 0.3902810          
                cdd                  5.1852e-06  5.6225e-05  0.0922 0.9266011          
                idBrazil            -1.4616e+00  2.1181e-01 -6.9007 4.848e-11 ***      
                idChile              1.0662e+00  1.2171e-01  8.7597 4.095e-16 ***      
                idChina             -3.5478e+00  4.5873e-01 -7.7340 3.123e-13 ***      
                idColombia          -1.1186e-02  5.9844e-02 -0.1869 0.8518836          
                idCostaRica          2.1310e+00  2.7927e-01  7.6307 5.943e-13 ***      
                idIndia             -3.2979e+00  4.5486e-01 -7.2505 6.081e-12 ***      
                idIndonesia         -1.3452e+00  2.5653e-01 -5.2437 3.529e-07 ***      
                idMexico            -6.9333e-01  1.3155e-01 -5.2704 3.100e-07 ***      
                idPeru               3.0155e-01  7.4096e-02  4.0697 6.449e-05 ***      
                idRussia            -3.4107e-01  2.0439e-01 -1.6687 0.0965215 .        
                idSouthAfrica        2.7560e-01  5.2394e-02  5.2601 3.260e-07 ***      
                idTurkey            -6.7658e-01  8.3807e-02 -8.0731 3.653e-14 ***      
                time2000            -2.7059e+01  4.7442e+00 -5.7035 3.541e-08 ***      
                time2001            -2.7086e+01  4.7444e+00 -5.7091 3.439e-08 ***      
                time2002            -2.7112e+01  4.7448e+00 -5.7140 3.354e-08 ***      
                time2003            -2.7138e+01  4.7466e+00 -5.7174 3.297e-08 ***      
                time2004            -2.7133e+01  4.7490e+00 -5.7134 3.365e-08 ***      
                time2005            -2.7192e+01  4.7513e+00 -5.7232 3.199e-08 ***      
                time2006            -2.7212e+01  4.7535e+00 -5.7245 3.177e-08 ***      
                time2007            -2.7218e+01  4.7556e+00 -5.7233 3.197e-08 ***      
                time2008            -2.7228e+01  4.7574e+00 -5.7233 3.197e-08 ***      
                time2009            -2.7252e+01  4.7555e+00 -5.7306 3.079e-08 ***      
                time2010            -2.7260e+01  4.7573e+00 -5.7303 3.084e-08 ***      
                time2011            -2.7279e+01  4.7598e+00 -5.7311 3.071e-08 ***      
                time2012            -2.7293e+01  4.7612e+00 -5.7324 3.050e-08 ***      
                time2013            -2.7300e+01  4.7629e+00 -5.7319 3.058e-08 ***      
                time2014            -2.7311e+01  4.7638e+00 -5.7330 3.042e-08 ***      
                time2015            -2.7303e+01  4.7639e+00 -5.7313 3.068e-08 ***      
                time2016            -2.7304e+01  4.7649e+00 -5.7302 3.085e-08 ***      
                time2017            -2.7316e+01  4.7666e+00 -5.7307 3.077e-08 ***      
                time2018            -2.7332e+01  4.7674e+00 -5.7330 3.041e-08 ***      
                time2019            -2.7351e+01  4.7675e+00 -5.7369 2.980e-08 ***      
                time2020            -2.7459e+01  4.7669e+00 -5.7603 2.640e-08 ***      
                time2021            -2.7444e+01  4.7698e+00 -5.7538 2.731e-08 ***      
                iis197              -1.5193e-01  5.2276e-02 -2.9063 0.0040099 **       
                iis198              -1.8296e-01  5.2124e-02 -3.5100 0.0005378 ***      
                fesisArgentina.2010 -8.7355e-02  2.2486e-02 -3.8849 0.0001334 ***      
                fesisArgentina.2020  1.4256e-01  3.8452e-02  3.7074 0.0002617 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2012     1.4910e-01  2.4147e-02  6.1746 2.922e-09 ***      
                fesisChina.2016     -1.0242e-01  3.1506e-02 -3.2509 0.0013205 **       
                fesisColombia.2008  -7.9157e-02  2.2547e-02 -3.5108 0.0005363 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2006 -1.3297e-01  2.9194e-02 -4.5547 8.460e-06 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2011  2.9440e-01  3.5056e-02  8.3978 4.471e-15 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2014 -1.5169e-01  3.3001e-02 -4.5964 7.046e-06 ***      
                fesisIndia.2008      1.5510e-01  2.3923e-02  6.4831 5.310e-10 ***      
                fesisMexico.2005     1.7125e-01  2.9684e-02  5.7690 2.524e-08 ***      
                fesisMexico.2014    -1.6266e-01  2.6435e-02 -6.1533 3.280e-09 ***      
                fesisPeru.2009       2.2087e-01  2.5219e-02  8.7580 4.144e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   30.567  1 3.226e-08 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 16.981  1 3.775e-05 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.04587      
                R-squared          0.99897      
                Log-lik.(n=286)  502.13520      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                emerging (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:10:33 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 286       
                Sample: 1 to 286       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                           coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                -3.5660e+00  5.2216e-01 -6.8294 7.112e-11 ***      
                lpop                 4.3046e-01  3.4828e-01  1.2359  0.217705          
                lgdp_sq              7.5631e-02  9.1989e-03  8.2218 1.321e-14 ***      
                hdd                 -6.2244e-05  6.7058e-05 -0.9282  0.354244          
                cdd                 -2.2691e-04  9.6114e-05 -2.3608  0.019045 *        
                idBrazil             3.6270e-02  5.7779e-01  0.0628  0.950000          
                idChile             -1.6203e-01  3.3250e-01 -0.4873  0.626483          
                idChina              1.0465e+00  1.2581e+00  0.8318  0.406371          
                idColombia          -5.9471e-02  8.9170e-02 -0.6669  0.505460          
                idCostaRica         -1.7665e+00  7.8493e-01 -2.2506  0.025331 *        
                idIndia              5.4679e-01  1.2118e+00  0.4512  0.652235          
                idIndonesia          7.0402e-01  6.5775e-01  1.0703  0.285554          
                idMexico             3.5728e-01  3.6958e-01  0.9667  0.334673          
                idPeru              -6.3438e-01  1.5235e-01 -4.1640 4.381e-05 ***      
                idRussia             9.1986e-01  5.1037e-01  1.8024  0.072760 .        
                idSouthAfrica        1.0822e+00  9.4226e-02 11.4848 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey             3.7952e-01  2.0515e-01  1.8499  0.065567 .        
                time2000             4.4379e+01  8.4607e+00  5.2453 3.458e-07 ***      
                time2001             4.4366e+01  8.4631e+00  5.2423 3.508e-07 ***      
                time2002             4.4377e+01  8.4662e+00  5.2417 3.519e-07 ***      
                time2003             4.4394e+01  8.4701e+00  5.2413 3.525e-07 ***      
                time2004             4.4400e+01  8.4743e+00  5.2394 3.558e-07 ***      
                time2005             4.4398e+01  8.4783e+00  5.2367 3.605e-07 ***      
                time2006             4.4419e+01  8.4821e+00  5.2368 3.603e-07 ***      
                time2007             4.4441e+01  8.4864e+00  5.2367 3.606e-07 ***      
                time2008             4.4376e+01  8.4890e+00  5.2275 3.769e-07 ***      
                time2009             4.4379e+01  8.4905e+00  5.2269 3.780e-07 ***      
                time2010             4.4427e+01  8.4945e+00  5.2301 3.722e-07 ***      
                time2011             4.4431e+01  8.4985e+00  5.2281 3.759e-07 ***      
                time2012             4.4365e+01  8.5039e+00  5.2170 3.966e-07 ***      
                time2013             4.4312e+01  8.5071e+00  5.2089 4.126e-07 ***      
                time2014             4.4360e+01  8.5120e+00  5.2115 4.074e-07 ***      
                time2015             4.4353e+01  8.5146e+00  5.2091 4.121e-07 ***      
                time2016             4.4324e+01  8.5174e+00  5.2039 4.226e-07 ***      
                time2017             4.4296e+01  8.5197e+00  5.1992 4.322e-07 ***      
                time2018             4.4266e+01  8.5225e+00  5.1941 4.431e-07 ***      
                time2019             4.4262e+01  8.5228e+00  5.1934 4.446e-07 ***      
                time2020             4.4190e+01  8.5225e+00  5.1851 4.628e-07 ***      
                time2021             4.4203e+01  8.5265e+00  5.1842 4.646e-07 ***      
                iis265              -6.8422e-01  8.8712e-02 -7.7129 3.394e-13 ***      
                fesisChina.2014     -3.3094e-01  5.8987e-02 -5.6103 5.614e-08 ***      
                fesisColombia.2006  -2.3875e-01  4.2495e-02 -5.6184 5.386e-08 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2019 -1.5449e-01  5.6814e-02 -2.7192  0.007028 **       
                fesisIndonesia.2019  1.7683e-01  5.6356e-02  3.1376  0.001919 **       
                fesisIndia.2008      2.6386e-01  4.5079e-02  5.8534 1.595e-08 ***      
                fesisMexico.2014    -1.5753e-01  4.1391e-02 -3.8058  0.000180 ***      
                fesisRussia.2012     2.4561e-01  5.7651e-02  4.2604 2.946e-05 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2008    -3.1182e-01  4.4598e-02 -6.9918 2.742e-11 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2017     2.5681e-01  5.1518e-02  4.9848 1.198e-06 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   79.612  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 41.081  1  1.46e-10 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.08216      
                R-squared          0.99836      
                Log-lik.(n=286)  333.41971      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                emerging (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:38:00 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 286       
                Sample: 1 to 286       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                             coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                   6.3769e-01  3.6772e-01  1.7342 0.0842006 .        
                lpop                   8.3427e-01  1.9338e-01  4.3141 2.361e-05 ***      
                lgdp_sq                1.0228e-03  6.4471e-03  0.1587 0.8740799          
                hdd                   -9.7801e-06  2.9364e-05 -0.3331 0.7393839          
                cdd                    2.4093e-05  4.4094e-05  0.5464 0.5853098          
                idBrazil              -1.2350e+00  2.9415e-01 -4.1986 3.813e-05 ***      
                idChile                4.8588e-01  1.6037e-01  3.0298 0.0027209 **       
                idChina               -1.0355e+00  6.8108e-01 -1.5204 0.1297608          
                idColombia            -3.5220e-01  4.9672e-02 -7.0904 1.555e-11 ***      
                idCostaRica            3.3419e-01  4.1692e-01  0.8016 0.4236037          
                idIndia               -1.4478e+00  6.4266e-01 -2.2528 0.0251927 *        
                idIndonesia           -7.8818e-01  3.4050e-01 -2.3148 0.0214889 *        
                idMexico              -3.5603e-01  1.9000e-01 -1.8738 0.0621977 .        
                idPeru                -3.5234e-01  7.3542e-02 -4.7910 2.942e-06 ***      
                idRussia               8.0656e-01  2.9824e-01  2.7044 0.0073428 **       
                idSouthAfrica          1.1454e+00  5.0751e-02 22.5687 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey              -6.8576e-02  1.1974e-01 -0.5727 0.5674057          
                time2000              -2.0404e+01  5.3674e+00 -3.8015 0.0001833 ***      
                time2001              -2.0429e+01  5.3681e+00 -3.8057 0.0001804 ***      
                time2002              -2.0445e+01  5.3691e+00 -3.8078 0.0001789 ***      
                time2003              -2.0438e+01  5.3709e+00 -3.8053 0.0001807 ***      
                time2004              -2.0435e+01  5.3737e+00 -3.8028 0.0001824 ***      
                time2005              -2.0458e+01  5.3752e+00 -3.8060 0.0001802 ***      
                time2006              -2.0471e+01  5.3772e+00 -3.8070 0.0001795 ***      
                time2007              -2.0454e+01  5.3800e+00 -3.8019 0.0001830 ***      
                time2008              -2.0464e+01  5.3816e+00 -3.8025 0.0001826 ***      
                time2009              -2.0494e+01  5.3811e+00 -3.8085 0.0001785 ***      
                time2010              -2.0487e+01  5.3817e+00 -3.8068 0.0001797 ***      
                time2011              -2.0467e+01  5.3839e+00 -3.8015 0.0001833 ***      
                time2012              -2.0487e+01  5.3854e+00 -3.8043 0.0001814 ***      
                time2013              -2.0508e+01  5.3868e+00 -3.8072 0.0001794 ***      
                time2014              -2.0503e+01  5.3893e+00 -3.8044 0.0001813 ***      
                time2015              -2.0537e+01  5.3897e+00 -3.8105 0.0001772 ***      
                time2016              -2.0549e+01  5.3906e+00 -3.8121 0.0001761 ***      
                time2017              -2.0566e+01  5.3922e+00 -3.8140 0.0001748 ***      
                time2018              -2.0589e+01  5.3939e+00 -3.8170 0.0001728 ***      
                time2019              -2.0599e+01  5.3943e+00 -3.8186 0.0001717 ***      
                time2020              -2.0665e+01  5.3941e+00 -3.8311 0.0001638 ***      
                time2021              -2.0651e+01  5.3962e+00 -3.8269 0.0001664 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2012       8.9208e-02  1.9636e-02  4.5430 8.868e-06 ***      
                fesisChile.2015        7.9884e-02  1.9010e-02  4.2023 3.756e-05 ***      
                fesisChina.2004        2.0025e-01  2.9683e-02  6.7461 1.171e-10 ***      
                fesisChina.2014       -9.5832e-02  2.9046e-02 -3.2993 0.0011199 **       
                fesisColombia.2004    -1.7350e-01  2.2393e-02 -7.7479 2.793e-13 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2010   -9.8599e-02  2.1953e-02 -4.4914 1.110e-05 ***      
                fesisIndia.2009        1.0721e-01  1.9893e-02  5.3893 1.718e-07 ***      
                fesisMexico.2014      -1.1423e-01  2.0191e-02 -5.6574 4.450e-08 ***      
                fesisPeru.2009         1.2803e-01  2.2754e-02  5.6268 5.202e-08 ***      
                fesisRussia.2007      -1.5908e-01  2.9214e-02 -5.4454 1.300e-07 ***      
                fesisRussia.2018       1.1509e-01  2.7955e-02  4.1171 5.315e-05 ***      
                fesisSouthAfrica.2011 -1.1328e-01  1.9207e-02 -5.8980 1.273e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   40.284  1 2.196e-10 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 12.382  1 0.0004336 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.03699      
                R-squared          0.99964      
                Log-lik.(n=286)  562.67098      

EU15

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU15 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:46:53 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 330       
                Sample: 1 to 330       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -4.3803e+00  1.7981e+00  -2.4361  0.015498 *        
                lpop                    -7.7175e-01  2.9068e-01  -2.6550  0.008406 **       
                lgdp_sq                  9.0435e-02  3.3642e-02   2.6881  0.007635 **       
                hdd                      2.5633e-04  4.7172e-05   5.4339 1.239e-07 ***      
                cdd                      2.5814e-04  1.3481e-04   1.9149  0.056573 .        
                idBelgium                7.2024e-01  8.7252e-02   8.2547 6.987e-15 ***      
                idDenmark                2.7026e-01  1.1221e-01   2.4084  0.016699 *        
                idFinland                6.1281e-02  1.2609e-01   0.4860  0.627356          
                idFrance                 1.8995e+00  5.7150e-01   3.3237  0.001012 **       
                idGermany                3.6455e+00  6.4715e-01   5.6331 4.470e-08 ***      
                idGreece                 1.6852e+00  1.7322e-01   9.7283 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland               -1.9184e-01  1.6229e-01  -1.1821  0.238224          
                idItaly                  3.0237e+00  5.4213e-01   5.5775 5.957e-08 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -5.1615e+00  6.4485e-01  -8.0042 3.666e-14 ***      
                idNetherlands            1.7184e+00  1.8451e-01   9.3131 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               1.1496e+00  1.5501e-01   7.4163 1.589e-12 ***      
                idSpain                  2.7986e+00  4.6739e-01   5.9877 6.816e-09 ***      
                idSweden                -5.8658e-01  4.6747e-02 -12.5479 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          3.0196e+00  5.6546e-01   5.3402 1.983e-07 ***      
                time2000                 7.3737e+01  2.2352e+01   3.2988  0.001102 **       
                time2001                 7.3692e+01  2.2350e+01   3.2972  0.001108 **       
                time2002                 7.3793e+01  2.2351e+01   3.3015  0.001092 **       
                time2003                 7.3767e+01  2.2352e+01   3.3003  0.001097 **       
                time2004                 7.3772e+01  2.2350e+01   3.3007  0.001095 **       
                time2005                 7.3748e+01  2.2349e+01   3.2998  0.001099 **       
                time2006                 7.3765e+01  2.2348e+01   3.3007  0.001095 **       
                time2007                 7.3779e+01  2.2346e+01   3.3016  0.001092 **       
                time2008                 7.3700e+01  2.2345e+01   3.2982  0.001105 **       
                time2009                 7.3645e+01  2.2347e+01   3.2955  0.001115 **       
                time2010                 7.3569e+01  2.2346e+01   3.2922  0.001127 **       
                time2011                 7.3664e+01  2.2344e+01   3.2969  0.001110 **       
                time2012                 7.3577e+01  2.2344e+01   3.2929  0.001125 **       
                time2013                 7.3521e+01  2.2343e+01   3.2905  0.001134 **       
                time2014                 7.3509e+01  2.2342e+01   3.2902  0.001135 **       
                time2015                 7.3455e+01  2.2342e+01   3.2878  0.001145 **       
                time2016                 7.3404e+01  2.2343e+01   3.2853  0.001154 **       
                time2017                 7.3425e+01  2.2342e+01   3.2865  0.001150 **       
                time2018                 7.3345e+01  2.2341e+01   3.2829  0.001164 **       
                time2019                 7.3230e+01  2.2340e+01   3.2780  0.001184 **       
                time2020                 7.3173e+01  2.2342e+01   3.2750  0.001195 **       
                time2021                 7.3131e+01  2.2341e+01   3.2734  0.001202 **       
                iis243                  -6.8217e-01  1.1770e-01  -5.7960 1.903e-08 ***      
                iis245                   8.6453e-01  1.1454e-01   7.5479 6.937e-13 ***      
                iis246                   8.1523e-01  1.1346e-01   7.1850 6.664e-12 ***      
                iis247                   9.9826e-01  1.1178e-01   8.9304 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis248                   1.0218e+00  1.1057e-01   9.2413 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis249                   1.0707e+00  1.0909e-01   9.8157 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis250                   1.0299e+00  1.0850e-01   9.4922 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis251                   9.1619e-01  1.0772e-01   8.5050 1.296e-15 ***      
                iis252                   1.1142e+00  1.0672e-01  10.4402 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis253                   1.1269e+00  1.0576e-01  10.6559 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis254                   1.0636e+00  1.0451e-01  10.1771 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis255                   1.1039e+00  1.0362e-01  10.6533 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis256                   7.2164e-01  1.0330e-01   6.9861 2.233e-11 ***      
                iis257                   8.6651e-01  1.0202e-01   8.4931 1.405e-15 ***      
                iis258                   4.5444e-01  1.0161e-01   4.4723 1.144e-05 ***      
                fesisAustria.2016        2.3289e-01  4.6349e-02   5.0246 9.230e-07 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2011       -3.2429e-01  4.8299e-02  -6.7142 1.126e-10 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2017       -3.5777e-01  5.7706e-02  -6.1998 2.128e-09 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2016 -4.9935e-01  5.1855e-02  -9.6298 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisNetherlands.2014    2.7172e-01  4.2524e-02   6.3899 7.319e-10 ***      
                fesisSweden.2016         2.6179e-01  4.8197e-02   5.4317 1.253e-07 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   36.346  1 1.652e-09 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 16.832  1 4.084e-05 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.09116      
                R-squared          0.99679      
                Log-lik.(n=330)  353.14818      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU15 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:57:58 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 330       
                Sample: 1 to 330       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                             coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                  -5.5495e+00  8.8671e-01  -6.2585 1.555e-09 ***      
                lpop                   2.1048e+00  1.4934e-01  14.0939 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lgdp_sq                1.0288e-01  1.6662e-02   6.1744 2.483e-09 ***      
                hdd                    2.2116e-04  2.6086e-05   8.4778 1.623e-15 ***      
                cdd                    1.6164e-06  7.4904e-05   0.0216 0.9827997          
                idBelgium              5.8822e-01  4.5269e-02  12.9938 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark              2.2964e-01  5.9176e-02   3.8806 0.0001315 ***      
                idFinland             -1.2703e-01  6.9957e-02  -1.8158 0.0705302 .        
                idFrance              -2.1240e+00  3.1243e-01  -6.7982 6.991e-11 ***      
                idGermany             -2.4447e+00  3.5592e-01  -6.8686 4.606e-11 ***      
                idGreece              -3.5333e-01  1.0181e-01  -3.4705 0.0006064 ***      
                idIreland              1.3608e+00  8.6151e-02  15.7958 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly               -2.0479e+00  3.0036e-01  -6.8183 6.209e-11 ***      
                idLuxembourg           3.5968e+00  3.4040e-01  10.5664 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands         -1.3586e-01  1.0223e-01  -1.3290 0.1849832          
                idPortugal            -8.8142e-01  8.5625e-02 -10.2939 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain               -2.1092e+00  2.5194e-01  -8.3718 3.314e-15 ***      
                idSweden              -1.3566e+00  2.8792e-02 -47.1154 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom       -2.0968e+00  3.1309e-01  -6.6972 1.266e-10 ***      
                time2000               5.0132e+01  1.0592e+01   4.7330 3.604e-06 ***      
                time2001               5.0135e+01  1.0592e+01   4.7334 3.598e-06 ***      
                time2002               5.0130e+01  1.0591e+01   4.7331 3.603e-06 ***      
                time2003               5.0106e+01  1.0591e+01   4.7310 3.637e-06 ***      
                time2004               5.0096e+01  1.0590e+01   4.7303 3.649e-06 ***      
                time2005               5.0082e+01  1.0590e+01   4.7293 3.666e-06 ***      
                time2006               5.0049e+01  1.0589e+01   4.7265 3.713e-06 ***      
                time2007               4.9979e+01  1.0588e+01   4.7202 3.820e-06 ***      
                time2008               4.9970e+01  1.0588e+01   4.7196 3.831e-06 ***      
                time2009               4.9881e+01  1.0588e+01   4.7111 3.982e-06 ***      
                time2010               4.9819e+01  1.0588e+01   4.7052 4.088e-06 ***      
                time2011               4.9805e+01  1.0587e+01   4.7046 4.100e-06 ***      
                time2012               4.9726e+01  1.0587e+01   4.6969 4.246e-06 ***      
                time2013               4.9723e+01  1.0587e+01   4.6966 4.250e-06 ***      
                time2014               4.9680e+01  1.0586e+01   4.6931 4.318e-06 ***      
                time2015               4.9683e+01  1.0585e+01   4.6936 4.309e-06 ***      
                time2016               4.9676e+01  1.0585e+01   4.6930 4.320e-06 ***      
                time2017               4.9649e+01  1.0584e+01   4.6911 4.357e-06 ***      
                time2018               4.9633e+01  1.0583e+01   4.6900 4.380e-06 ***      
                time2019               4.9615e+01  1.0582e+01   4.6885 4.409e-06 ***      
                time2020               4.9538e+01  1.0583e+01   4.6807 4.568e-06 ***      
                time2021               4.9495e+01  1.0583e+01   4.6770 4.643e-06 ***      
                iis190                -5.5245e-01  5.5266e-02  -9.9962 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis191                -5.0294e-01  5.5170e-02  -9.1162 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis192                -2.5575e-01  5.5721e-02  -4.5898 6.857e-06 ***      
                iis193                -3.0692e-01  5.5714e-02  -5.5088 8.546e-08 ***      
                iis194                -3.1652e-01  5.6359e-02  -5.6161 4.928e-08 ***      
                iis195                -3.8469e-01  5.6736e-02  -6.7803 7.774e-11 ***      
                iis196                -2.8380e-01  5.6597e-02  -5.0145 9.746e-07 ***      
                iis197                -3.3203e-01  5.7141e-02  -5.8107 1.780e-08 ***      
                iis198                -2.4545e-01  5.6862e-02  -4.3166 2.240e-05 ***      
                iis309                 5.9721e-01  5.4811e-02  10.8959 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis310                 4.7122e-01  5.4626e-02   8.6263 5.922e-16 ***      
                iis311                 4.7868e-01  5.4869e-02   8.7241 3.033e-16 ***      
                iis312                 4.8045e-01  5.4710e-02   8.7816 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis313                 2.4156e-01  5.4370e-02   4.4428 1.306e-05 ***      
                iis314                 2.9110e-01  5.4384e-02   5.3528 1.877e-07 ***      
                iis315                 1.6692e-01  5.4385e-02   3.0693 0.0023684 **       
                iis316                 2.0483e-01  5.4343e-02   3.7691 0.0002020 ***      
                fesisGermany.2012      1.6108e-01  2.4328e-02   6.6210 1.973e-10 ***      
                fesisSpain.2010        1.5908e-01  2.2907e-02   6.9446 2.926e-11 ***      
                fesisGreece.2003       1.9597e-01  3.4423e-02   5.6929 3.307e-08 ***      
                fesisItaly.2009        2.1891e-01  2.4297e-02   9.0096 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisNetherlands.2009  1.4613e-01  2.2832e-02   6.4000 7.016e-10 ***      
                fesisPortugal.2017     1.4596e-01  2.9619e-02   4.9280 1.465e-06 ***      
                fesisSweden.2016      -2.4526e-01  2.8203e-02  -8.6962 3.672e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   34.543  1 4.168e-09 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 10.195  1  0.001408 **       
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.04938      
                R-squared          0.99894      
                Log-lik.(n=330)  556.96794      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU15 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:09:13 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 330       
                Sample: 1 to 330       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                            coef   std.error  t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                  1.8501e+00  7.3253e-01  2.5257 0.0121123 *        
                lpop                 -9.5776e-02  1.2710e-01 -0.7535 0.4517694          
                lgdp_sq              -2.3841e-02  1.3639e-02 -1.7479 0.0815978 .        
                hdd                   3.8546e-05  1.7668e-05  2.1817 0.0299791 *        
                cdd                  -8.5410e-05  4.8130e-05 -1.7746 0.0770779 .        
                idBelgium             2.2888e-01  3.9822e-02  5.7475 2.409e-08 ***      
                idDenmark            -3.6068e-01  5.2998e-02 -6.8056 6.326e-11 ***      
                idFinland            -3.2562e-01  5.6203e-02 -5.7936 1.888e-08 ***      
                idFrance              1.0966e+00  2.1495e-01  5.1016 6.298e-07 ***      
                idGermany             1.2314e+00  2.4540e-01  5.0179 9.411e-07 ***      
                idGreece              4.1165e-01  7.5488e-02  5.4532 1.105e-07 ***      
                idIreland            -2.6013e-01  8.1644e-02 -3.1861 0.0016087 **       
                idItaly               1.1224e+00  2.0719e-01  5.4172 1.326e-07 ***      
                idLuxembourg         -2.9286e-01  3.1838e-01 -0.9198 0.3584633          
                idNetherlands         2.0130e-01  7.5068e-02  2.6815 0.0077736 **       
                idPortugal            3.5460e-01  7.4659e-02  4.7496 3.292e-06 ***      
                idSpain               1.2150e+00  1.8369e-01  6.6141 1.953e-10 ***      
                idSweden             -3.6523e-02  3.1013e-02 -1.1777 0.2399429          
                idUnitedKingdom       9.4793e-01  2.1220e-01  4.4671 1.161e-05 ***      
                time2000             -2.0985e+01  9.9251e+00 -2.1144 0.0353867 *        
                time2001             -2.0982e+01  9.9258e+00 -2.1139 0.0354288 *        
                time2002             -2.0977e+01  9.9256e+00 -2.1135 0.0354657 *        
                time2003             -2.0945e+01  9.9266e+00 -2.1100 0.0357640 *        
                time2004             -2.0949e+01  9.9257e+00 -2.1106 0.0357142 *        
                time2005             -2.0951e+01  9.9258e+00 -2.1108 0.0356969 *        
                time2006             -2.0960e+01  9.9255e+00 -2.1118 0.0356117 *        
                time2007             -2.0974e+01  9.9254e+00 -2.1131 0.0354925 *        
                time2008             -2.1003e+01  9.9256e+00 -2.1161 0.0352403 *        
                time2009             -2.1022e+01  9.9260e+00 -2.1179 0.0350830 *        
                time2010             -2.1048e+01  9.9268e+00 -2.1203 0.0348781 *        
                time2011             -2.1045e+01  9.9256e+00 -2.1203 0.0348786 *        
                time2012             -2.1102e+01  9.9265e+00 -2.1258 0.0344117 *        
                time2013             -2.1127e+01  9.9270e+00 -2.1282 0.0342134 *        
                time2014             -2.1131e+01  9.9261e+00 -2.1288 0.0341634 *        
                time2015             -2.1120e+01  9.9252e+00 -2.1279 0.0342343 *        
                time2016             -2.1108e+01  9.9254e+00 -2.1266 0.0343429 *        
                time2017             -2.1122e+01  9.9253e+00 -2.1281 0.0342218 *        
                time2018             -2.1124e+01  9.9253e+00 -2.1283 0.0342076 *        
                time2019             -2.1136e+01  9.9253e+00 -2.1295 0.0341003 *        
                time2020             -2.1267e+01  9.9258e+00 -2.1426 0.0330262 *        
                time2021             -2.1274e+01  9.9261e+00 -2.1432 0.0329754 *        
                fesisAustria.2002     1.1861e-01  2.6146e-02  4.5365 8.564e-06 ***      
                fesisAustria.2013     1.4050e-01  1.5688e-02  8.9559 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisGermany.2003    -1.1937e-01  2.2950e-02 -5.2010 3.885e-07 ***      
                fesisGermany.2013     1.2132e-01  1.8441e-02  6.5787 2.400e-10 ***      
                fesisFrance.2012      7.3273e-02  1.5371e-02  4.7671 3.038e-06 ***      
                fesisGreece.2009      1.5193e-01  2.7631e-02  5.4984 8.779e-08 ***      
                fesisGreece.2011     -1.1344e-01  3.0687e-02 -3.6969 0.0002636 ***      
                fesisIreland.2006     8.7385e-02  2.3904e-02  3.6557 0.0003074 ***      
                fesisIreland.2010    -1.0470e-01  2.2830e-02 -4.5863 6.871e-06 ***      
                fesisIreland.2015    -1.3349e-01  3.0677e-02 -4.3516 1.909e-05 ***      
                fesisIreland.2020    -1.3233e-01  3.1728e-02 -4.1708 4.078e-05 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2004  1.4477e-01  2.5769e-02  5.6180 4.744e-08 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015 -1.4300e-01  2.6294e-02 -5.4385 1.191e-07 ***      
                fesisSweden.2005     -9.0667e-02  1.8891e-02 -4.7995 2.618e-06 ***      
                fesisSweden.2016     -1.6754e-01  1.8294e-02 -9.1587 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   61.938  1 3.553e-15 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 24.330  1 8.116e-07 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.03264      
                R-squared          0.99916      
                Log-lik.(n=330)  689.05362      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU15 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:04:46 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 330       
                Sample: 1 to 330       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     5.4128e-01  9.5394e-01   0.5674 0.5708981          
                lpop                    -5.4560e-01  1.4350e-01  -3.8022 0.0001767 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  9.3624e-04  1.7971e-02   0.0521 0.9584891          
                hdd                      1.8219e-05  2.3951e-05   0.7607 0.4475005          
                cdd                      5.0451e-06  6.7680e-05   0.0745 0.9406322          
                idBelgium                7.0033e-01  5.4880e-02  12.7610 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark               -9.6574e-01  6.0219e-02 -16.0370 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland               -2.4029e-01  6.7271e-02  -3.5720 0.0004181 ***      
                idFrance                 1.5341e+00  3.1269e-01   4.9061 1.593e-06 ***      
                idGermany                1.9266e+00  3.6008e-01   5.3504 1.850e-07 ***      
                idGreece                 6.0321e-02  8.9009e-02   0.6777 0.4985301          
                idIreland               -1.2239e+00  8.9580e-02 -13.6621 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                  1.6016e+00  2.9505e-01   5.4281 1.252e-07 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -3.0169e+00  3.2843e-01  -9.1859 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands            6.5914e-01  1.0004e-01   6.5886 2.253e-10 ***      
                idPortugal               7.2823e-02  8.5364e-02   0.8531 0.3943522          
                idSpain                  1.4663e+00  2.3660e-01   6.1974 2.090e-09 ***      
                idSweden                -2.9483e-01  3.0458e-02  -9.6798 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          1.5727e+00  3.1337e-01   5.0188 9.353e-07 ***      
                time2000                 3.4624e+00  1.1374e+01   0.3044 0.7610491          
                time2001                 3.4504e+00  1.1374e+01   0.3034 0.7618403          
                time2002                 3.4234e+00  1.1373e+01   0.3010 0.7636410          
                time2003                 3.4020e+00  1.1374e+01   0.2991 0.7650863          
                time2004                 3.3869e+00  1.1373e+01   0.2978 0.7660767          
                time2005                 3.3593e+00  1.1372e+01   0.2954 0.7679180          
                time2006                 3.3440e+00  1.1372e+01   0.2941 0.7689300          
                time2007                 3.3243e+00  1.1371e+01   0.2924 0.7702323          
                time2008                 3.2735e+00  1.1370e+01   0.2879 0.7736357          
                time2009                 3.1165e+00  1.1371e+01   0.2741 0.7842334          
                time2010                 3.1772e+00  1.1370e+01   0.2794 0.7801293          
                time2011                 3.1464e+00  1.1369e+01   0.2767 0.7821877          
                time2012                 3.1257e+00  1.1369e+01   0.2749 0.7835806          
                time2013                 3.1059e+00  1.1369e+01   0.2732 0.7849013          
                time2014                 3.0981e+00  1.1369e+01   0.2725 0.7854321          
                time2015                 3.0862e+00  1.1368e+01   0.2715 0.7862277          
                time2016                 3.0623e+00  1.1368e+01   0.2694 0.7878326          
                time2017                 3.0505e+00  1.1367e+01   0.2684 0.7886160          
                time2018                 3.0451e+00  1.1367e+01   0.2679 0.7889819          
                time2019                 3.0119e+00  1.1366e+01   0.2650 0.7912155          
                time2020                 2.9258e+00  1.1367e+01   0.2574 0.7970709          
                time2021                 2.9226e+00  1.1366e+01   0.2571 0.7972653          
                fesisAustria.2008        2.1114e-01  2.1980e-02   9.6057 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBelgium.2002       -1.8226e-01  3.6764e-02  -4.9577 1.250e-06 ***      
                fesisBelgium.2013        1.5205e-01  2.1980e-02   6.9174 3.224e-11 ***      
                fesisGermany.2009        1.7883e-01  2.3529e-02   7.6006 4.662e-13 ***      
                fesisSpain.2003          1.3411e-01  3.2497e-02   4.1269 4.879e-05 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2014 -1.5285e-01  2.5430e-02  -6.0106 5.853e-09 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013         1.5107e-01  2.6200e-02   5.7660 2.177e-08 ***      
                fesisIreland.2010       -1.3241e-01  2.4752e-02  -5.3494 1.860e-07 ***      
                fesisItaly.2013         -2.2861e-01  2.3127e-02  -9.8850 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisNetherlands.2009    1.6457e-01  2.4722e-02   6.6568 1.513e-10 ***      
                fesisNetherlands.2016    1.2419e-01  2.6757e-02   4.6415 5.361e-06 ***      
                fesisPortugal.2004      -1.0024e-01  2.8393e-02  -3.5306 0.0004859 ***      
                fesisSweden.2006        -1.1047e-01  2.4638e-02  -4.4836 1.079e-05 ***      
                fesisSweden.2018        -1.7743e-01  2.8485e-02  -6.2289 1.753e-09 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df  p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   37.8965  1 7.46e-10 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  3.4997  1  0.06138 .        
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.04597      
                R-squared          0.99886      
                Log-lik.(n=330)  575.57279      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU15 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:31:25 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 330       
                Sample: 1 to 330       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -3.2913e+00  8.7984e-01  -3.7408 0.0002234 ***      
                lpop                    -9.4031e-02  1.2336e-01  -0.7622 0.4465844          
                lgdp_sq                  6.7449e-02  1.6617e-02   4.0590 6.435e-05 ***      
                hdd                      1.0328e-04  2.0065e-05   5.1471 5.054e-07 ***      
                cdd                      1.0010e-04  5.7701e-05   1.7348 0.0838957 .        
                idBelgium                5.4290e-01  3.6549e-02  14.8540 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark               -2.6544e-01  4.9085e-02  -5.4077 1.391e-07 ***      
                idFinland               -2.1076e-01  5.3870e-02  -3.9123 0.0001154 ***      
                idFrance                 1.2083e+00  2.3388e-01   5.1662 4.605e-07 ***      
                idGermany                1.7533e+00  2.6666e-01   6.5752 2.449e-10 ***      
                idGreece                 5.4997e-01  7.3235e-02   7.5097 8.384e-13 ***      
                idIreland               -3.3533e-01  7.1325e-02  -4.7015 4.096e-06 ***      
                idItaly                  1.4333e+00  2.2126e-01   6.4780 4.293e-10 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -1.7647e+00  2.9983e-01  -5.8855 1.156e-08 ***      
                idNetherlands            7.9211e-01  7.7166e-02  10.2650 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               1.8736e-01  6.5787e-02   2.8480 0.0047326 **       
                idSpain                  1.3625e+00  1.9119e-01   7.1263 9.140e-12 ***      
                idSweden                -3.6431e-01  2.1291e-02 -17.1115 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          1.4048e+00  2.3223e-01   6.0492 4.760e-09 ***      
                time2000                 5.2263e+01  1.1393e+01   4.5873 6.841e-06 ***      
                time2001                 5.2256e+01  1.1393e+01   4.5868 6.856e-06 ***      
                time2002                 5.2276e+01  1.1392e+01   4.5886 6.800e-06 ***      
                time2003                 5.2274e+01  1.1393e+01   4.5884 6.807e-06 ***      
                time2004                 5.2269e+01  1.1391e+01   4.5884 6.806e-06 ***      
                time2005                 5.2248e+01  1.1391e+01   4.5867 6.858e-06 ***      
                time2006                 5.2250e+01  1.1391e+01   4.5870 6.849e-06 ***      
                time2007                 5.2239e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5863 6.870e-06 ***      
                time2008                 5.2199e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5828 6.977e-06 ***      
                time2009                 5.2134e+01  1.1391e+01   4.5767 7.168e-06 ***      
                time2010                 5.2095e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5737 7.266e-06 ***      
                time2011                 5.2105e+01  1.1389e+01   4.5749 7.226e-06 ***      
                time2012                 5.2051e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5699 7.389e-06 ***      
                time2013                 5.2026e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5677 7.461e-06 ***      
                time2014                 5.2016e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5670 7.484e-06 ***      
                time2015                 5.2004e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5658 7.525e-06 ***      
                time2016                 5.1987e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5644 7.571e-06 ***      
                time2017                 5.1978e+01  1.1389e+01   4.5639 7.589e-06 ***      
                time2018                 5.1952e+01  1.1389e+01   4.5616 7.664e-06 ***      
                time2019                 5.1892e+01  1.1388e+01   4.5565 7.839e-06 ***      
                time2020                 5.1803e+01  1.1390e+01   4.5480 8.141e-06 ***      
                time2021                 5.1796e+01  1.1389e+01   4.5479 8.142e-06 ***      
                iis87                   -1.3569e-01  4.2855e-02  -3.1661 0.0017192 **       
                iis88                   -1.3186e-01  4.2815e-02  -3.0797 0.0022829 **       
                iis243                  -2.8688e-01  4.6558e-02  -6.1618 2.559e-09 ***      
                iis244                  -2.5030e-01  4.5759e-02  -5.4699 1.015e-07 ***      
                iis245                  -1.7214e-01  4.5226e-02  -3.8062 0.0001741 ***      
                iis246                  -1.6431e-01  4.4794e-02  -3.6682 0.0002934 ***      
                fesisAustria.2010        1.2175e-01  1.9160e-02   6.3543 8.695e-10 ***      
                fesisAustria.2019        1.3424e-01  2.7295e-02   4.9181 1.509e-06 ***      
                fesisBelgium.2019        1.2792e-01  2.5447e-02   5.0269 9.017e-07 ***      
                fesisGermany.2012        7.6949e-02  2.0911e-02   3.6799 0.0002809 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2011       -1.6624e-01  1.8677e-02  -8.9012 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015 -1.5405e-01  2.1775e-02  -7.0745 1.254e-11 ***      
                fesisGreece.2012        -8.0519e-02  2.0514e-02  -3.9251 0.0001097 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2010     8.5509e-02  2.6465e-02   3.2310 0.0013842 **       
                fesisNetherlands.2010    1.3308e-01  1.7866e-02   7.4484 1.234e-12 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   37.715  1 8.189e-10 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 11.039  1 0.0008921 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.03914      
                R-squared          0.99905      
                Log-lik.(n=330)  629.14344      

EU31

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU31 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:48:50 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 660       
                Sample: 1 to 660       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -2.9896e+00  7.2454e-01  -4.1262 4.250e-05 ***      
                lpop                     5.4035e-01  1.3273e-01   4.0711 5.355e-05 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  6.1339e-02  1.4204e-02   4.3186 1.858e-05 ***      
                hdd                      1.5389e-04  3.3208e-05   4.6340 4.467e-06 ***      
                cdd                      1.7919e-04  9.0026e-05   1.9904 0.0470288 *        
                idBelgium                2.6127e-01  5.2476e-02   4.9789 8.532e-07 ***      
                idBulgaria               8.0750e-01  1.2304e-01   6.5631 1.204e-10 ***      
                idCroatia               -4.9718e-01  1.4562e-01  -3.4142 0.0006862 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          1.4478e+00  6.1588e-02  23.5081 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark                6.9121e-01  6.8058e-02  10.1562 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                7.3254e-01  3.0060e-01   2.4369 0.0151232 *        
                idFinland                6.3609e-01  7.9768e-02   7.9742 8.698e-15 ***      
                idFrance                -5.4898e-01  2.7358e-01  -2.0067 0.0452663 *        
                idGermany                1.0300e+00  3.0453e-01   3.3822 0.0007693 ***      
                idGreece                 1.0723e+00  1.1115e-01   9.6474 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                2.3584e-01  8.0244e-02   2.9390 0.0034285 **       
                idIceland               -6.0822e+00  5.0025e-01 -12.1583 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland                4.3112e-01  9.4568e-02   4.5589 6.322e-06 ***      
                idItaly                  6.2717e-01  2.6632e-01   2.3549 0.0188710 *        
                idLatvia                -1.0295e+00  2.3814e-01  -4.3232 1.821e-05 ***      
                idLithuania             -8.1576e-01  1.8055e-01  -4.5181 7.617e-06 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -1.6397e+00  3.9250e-01  -4.1775 3.420e-05 ***      
                idMalta                 -1.0210e-01  4.9733e-01  -0.2053 0.8374112          
                idNetherlands            8.9856e-01  9.9928e-02   8.9921 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                -1.6752e+00  8.6255e-02 -19.4211 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                 1.5296e+00  2.0074e-01   7.6200 1.093e-13 ***      
                idPortugal               5.2496e-01  9.3205e-02   5.6323 2.819e-08 ***      
                idRomania                5.5441e-01  1.3852e-01   4.0023 7.120e-05 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic        -4.7170e-02  1.0317e-01  -0.4572 0.6477053          
                idSlovenia               1.7082e-01  2.2181e-01   0.7701 0.4415522          
                idSpain                  6.0536e-01  2.3471e-01   2.5792 0.0101570 *        
                idSweden                -6.6125e-01  3.9673e-02 -16.6673 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -1.8552e+00  5.1621e-02 -35.9384 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          7.1098e-01  2.7069e-01   2.6265 0.0088631 **       
                time2000                 3.6793e+01  1.0281e+01   3.5788 0.0003751 ***      
                time2001                 3.6793e+01  1.0281e+01   3.5788 0.0003751 ***      
                time2002                 3.6832e+01  1.0282e+01   3.5823 0.0003704 ***      
                time2003                 3.6831e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5818 0.0003710 ***      
                time2004                 3.6826e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5812 0.0003718 ***      
                time2005                 3.6797e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5782 0.0003761 ***      
                time2006                 3.6804e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5787 0.0003754 ***      
                time2007                 3.6814e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5799 0.0003736 ***      
                time2008                 3.6745e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5731 0.0003833 ***      
                time2009                 3.6655e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5644 0.0003959 ***      
                time2010                 3.6654e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5643 0.0003960 ***      
                time2011                 3.6677e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5667 0.0003926 ***      
                time2012                 3.6600e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5589 0.0004041 ***      
                time2013                 3.6537e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5529 0.0004132 ***      
                time2014                 3.6525e+01  1.0284e+01   3.5518 0.0004149 ***      
                time2015                 3.6527e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5523 0.0004141 ***      
                time2016                 3.6491e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5488 0.0004196 ***      
                time2017                 3.6467e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5465 0.0004232 ***      
                time2018                 3.6378e+01  1.0282e+01   3.5380 0.0004367 ***      
                time2019                 3.6306e+01  1.0282e+01   3.5310 0.0004482 ***      
                time2020                 3.6217e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5220 0.0004632 ***      
                time2021                 3.6210e+01  1.0283e+01   3.5214 0.0004643 ***      
                iis360                   5.0845e-01  1.4363e-01   3.5399 0.0004335 ***      
                iis364                  -4.8671e-01  1.2501e-01  -3.8933 0.0001108 ***      
                iis365                  -3.9301e-01  1.2441e-01  -3.1591 0.0016681 **       
                iis371                  -6.1582e-01  1.1728e-01  -5.2509 2.154e-07 ***      
                iis419                  -6.6462e-01  1.2601e-01  -5.2743 1.908e-07 ***      
                iis421                   8.7697e-01  1.2547e-01   6.9893 7.900e-12 ***      
                iis422                   8.2009e-01  1.2526e-01   6.5473 1.328e-10 ***      
                iis423                   9.9479e-01  1.2497e-01   7.9600 9.640e-15 ***      
                iis424                   9.9995e-01  1.2493e-01   8.0038 7.013e-15 ***      
                iis425                   1.0359e+00  1.2465e-01   8.3101 7.277e-16 ***      
                iis426                   9.5279e-01  1.2464e-01   7.6445 9.194e-14 ***      
                iis427                   8.3311e-01  1.2458e-01   6.6871 5.530e-11 ***      
                iis428                   1.0359e+00  1.2430e-01   8.3339 6.089e-16 ***      
                iis429                   9.9598e-01  1.2431e-01   8.0124 6.588e-15 ***      
                iis430                   9.0224e-01  1.2461e-01   7.2403 1.489e-12 ***      
                iis431                   9.3715e-01  1.2480e-01   7.5090 2.370e-13 ***      
                iis432                   5.5926e-01  1.2492e-01   4.4770 9.178e-06 ***      
                iis433                   6.0163e-01  1.2505e-01   4.8112 1.933e-06 ***      
                iis479                  -4.0827e-01  1.1101e-01  -3.6777 0.0002581 ***      
                iis507                  -1.5755e+00  1.0772e-01 -14.6257 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis508                  -1.4254e+00  1.0767e-01 -13.2381 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis509                  -1.4175e+00  1.0768e-01 -13.1649 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis510                  -1.1258e+00  1.0764e-01 -10.4585 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis511                  -1.2757e+00  1.0764e-01 -11.8516 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis512                  -1.2927e+00  1.0792e-01 -11.9779 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis513                  -1.2046e+00  1.0769e-01 -11.1859 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis514                  -1.0363e+00  1.0737e-01  -9.6518 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis515                  -1.1052e+00  1.0741e-01 -10.2897 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2008       3.3358e-01  4.7893e-02   6.9652 9.247e-12 ***      
                fesisSwitzerland.2018    3.0484e-01  5.7323e-02   5.3180 1.520e-07 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2012       -2.7407e-01  6.5656e-02  -4.1743 3.466e-05 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2015       -4.1195e-01  7.0210e-02  -5.8674 7.586e-09 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2007        2.7634e-01  5.7647e-02   4.7936 2.103e-06 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2013        1.7352e-01  5.9217e-02   2.9302 0.0035258 **       
                fesisEstonia.2019       -5.4675e-01  7.2413e-02  -7.5504 1.777e-13 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015 -5.5497e-01  4.7931e-02 -11.5784 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007        5.4525e-01  1.1096e-01   4.9140 1.174e-06 ***      
                fesisIceland.2009       -6.2732e-01  1.2553e-01  -4.9975 7.780e-07 ***      
                fesisIceland.2013        3.9358e-01  8.6529e-02   4.5485 6.630e-06 ***      
                fesisIceland.2018       -5.6422e-01  7.6491e-02  -7.3764 5.909e-13 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2014     -6.4441e-01  4.9964e-02 -12.8975 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2016    -3.7371e-01  8.7443e-02  -4.2738 2.259e-05 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2018         3.0678e-01  5.9380e-02   5.1664 3.325e-07 ***      
                fesisMalta.2015         -5.5662e-01  7.2850e-02  -7.6407 9.445e-14 ***      
                fesisNorway.2018         1.7891e-01  6.1439e-02   2.9120 0.0037349 **       
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   137.175  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  62.156  1  3.22e-15 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.09969      
                R-squared          0.99812      
                Log-lik.(n=660)  635.77223      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU31 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:59:52 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 660       
                Sample: 1 to 660       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      6.9887e-01  4.6142e-01   1.5146 0.1304356          
                lpop                     -4.9711e-01  7.5936e-02  -6.5465 1.326e-10 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  -1.2018e-03  9.3849e-03  -0.1281 0.8981480          
                hdd                       1.8773e-04  2.1235e-05   8.8406 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                cdd                       1.8638e-05  5.7849e-05   0.3222 0.7474317          
                idBelgium                 1.1111e+00  3.3761e-02  32.9105 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria               -1.7871e-01  1.1588e-01  -1.5422 0.1235752          
                idCroatia                -7.4010e-02  1.2013e-01  -0.6161 0.5381031          
                idCzechRepublic           8.5972e-01  5.1111e-02  16.8205 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark                -7.0505e-01  4.0032e-02 -17.6121 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                -1.9409e+00  2.0193e-01  -9.6118 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland                -9.2541e-01  5.3579e-02 -17.2719 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFrance                  2.1869e+00  2.0107e-01  10.8766 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                 2.4891e+00  2.2977e-01  10.8330 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGreece                  7.7855e-01  7.4215e-02  10.4905 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                 1.1634e+00  7.1343e-02  16.3064 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland                -2.6647e+00  2.9765e-01  -8.9524 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland                 5.8261e-02  6.5730e-02   0.8864 0.3757957          
                idItaly                   2.0562e+00  1.9402e-01  10.5977 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLatvia                 -1.1968e+00  1.7189e-01  -6.9626 9.324e-12 ***      
                idLithuania              -1.3418e+00  1.4225e-01  -9.4326 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLuxembourg             -2.0193e+00  2.3874e-01  -8.4583 2.336e-16 ***      
                idMalta                  -3.4275e+00  3.0730e-01 -11.1539 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands             1.2464e+00  7.1886e-02  17.3390 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                 -1.5746e+00  5.3021e-02 -29.6977 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  2.2476e+00  1.2091e-01  18.5898 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal                7.0408e-02  6.6332e-02   1.0615 0.2889379          
                idRomania                 9.9382e-01  9.1429e-02  10.8698 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic          2.8061e-01  9.7033e-02   2.8919 0.0039774 **       
                idSlovenia               -6.4956e-01  1.5785e-01  -4.1150 4.450e-05 ***      
                idSpain                   1.4013e+00  1.5606e-01   8.9795 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSweden                 -6.6329e-01  3.9444e-02 -16.8160 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -5.2113e-02  4.2822e-02  -1.2170 0.2241292          
                idUnitedKingdom           2.0635e+00  2.0610e-01  10.0121 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                 -9.0019e-01  6.0330e+00  -0.1492 0.8814409          
                time2001                 -9.0882e-01  6.0326e+00  -0.1506 0.8803060          
                time2002                 -9.0136e-01  6.0328e+00  -0.1494 0.8812832          
                time2003                 -9.1410e-01  6.0331e+00  -0.1515 0.8796234          
                time2004                 -9.4071e-01  6.0323e+00  -0.1559 0.8761322          
                time2005                 -9.6128e-01  6.0322e+00  -0.1594 0.8734431          
                time2006                 -1.0133e+00  6.0322e+00  -0.1680 0.8666541          
                time2007                 -1.0944e+00  6.0320e+00  -0.1814 0.8560947          
                time2008                 -1.0989e+00  6.0316e+00  -0.1822 0.8554997          
                time2009                 -1.0998e+00  6.0321e+00  -0.1823 0.8553961          
                time2010                 -1.1173e+00  6.0317e+00  -0.1852 0.8531047          
                time2011                 -1.1466e+00  6.0316e+00  -0.1901 0.8493019          
                time2012                 -1.1971e+00  6.0313e+00  -0.1985 0.8427423          
                time2013                 -1.1829e+00  6.0311e+00  -0.1961 0.8445761          
                time2014                 -1.2432e+00  6.0309e+00  -0.2061 0.8367547          
                time2015                 -1.2432e+00  6.0306e+00  -0.2062 0.8367461          
                time2016                 -1.2758e+00  6.0304e+00  -0.2116 0.8325288          
                time2017                 -1.2954e+00  6.0302e+00  -0.2148 0.8299841          
                time2018                 -1.3261e+00  6.0303e+00  -0.2199 0.8260283          
                time2019                 -1.3495e+00  6.0300e+00  -0.2238 0.8229957          
                time2020                 -1.3830e+00  6.0309e+00  -0.2293 0.8186993          
                time2021                 -1.4382e+00  6.0295e+00  -0.2385 0.8115595          
                iis278                   -2.2672e-01  6.9945e-02  -3.2414 0.0012597 **       
                iis279                   -1.8219e-01  6.9605e-02  -2.6175 0.0090967 **       
                iis373                   -4.0515e-01  6.8906e-02  -5.8797 7.044e-09 ***      
                iis374                   -3.2002e-01  6.8456e-02  -4.6748 3.684e-06 ***      
                iis522                   -2.6846e-01  7.0227e-02  -3.8227 0.0001467 ***      
                iis595                    4.2025e-01  6.8406e-02   6.1434 1.526e-09 ***      
                iis648                   -2.0087e-01  7.1182e-02  -2.8219 0.0049423 **       
                iis649                   -2.9999e-01  7.2023e-02  -4.1651 3.599e-05 ***      
                iis650                   -2.0450e-01  7.1224e-02  -2.8712 0.0042428 **       
                iis651                   -2.5670e-01  7.1451e-02  -3.5927 0.0003558 ***      
                iis652                   -3.0472e-01  7.1321e-02  -4.2725 2.268e-05 ***      
                iis653                   -2.5675e-01  7.1408e-02  -3.5955 0.0003522 ***      
                iis654                   -3.3921e-01  7.1690e-02  -4.7316 2.819e-06 ***      
                iis655                   -3.9829e-01  7.1638e-02  -5.5598 4.172e-08 ***      
                iis656                   -4.2978e-01  7.1753e-02  -5.9897 3.747e-09 ***      
                iis657                   -4.5999e-01  7.1765e-02  -6.4096 3.084e-10 ***      
                iis658                   -4.0334e-01  7.1817e-02  -5.6162 3.068e-08 ***      
                iis659                   -3.4946e-01  7.2047e-02  -4.8504 1.596e-06 ***      
                iis660                   -4.1371e-01  7.1991e-02  -5.7467 1.490e-08 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2008       -2.7806e-01  3.1046e-02  -8.9563 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSpain.2006           2.0038e-01  3.5682e-02   5.6157 3.077e-08 ***      
                fesisSpain.2014           1.1108e-01  3.2939e-02   3.3723 0.0007965 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2006        -1.8189e-01  4.0372e-02  -4.5053 8.061e-06 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2011         1.9500e-01  4.7483e-02   4.1068 4.605e-05 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2014         1.8393e-01  4.4347e-02   4.1475 3.878e-05 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2016   1.4996e-01  3.2412e-02   4.6265 4.617e-06 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013         -2.6027e-01  3.6651e-02  -7.1013 3.738e-12 ***      
                fesisIreland.2015        -1.7152e-01  3.8526e-02  -4.4520 1.026e-05 ***      
                fesisItaly.2008           2.2587e-01  3.1082e-02   7.2668 1.232e-12 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2006       1.5389e-01  3.5334e-02   4.3553 1.579e-05 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015      2.4372e-01  3.4478e-02   7.0690 4.632e-12 ***      
                fesisMalta.2004           2.6856e-01  4.0774e-02   6.5866 1.033e-10 ***      
                fesisMalta.2012           2.4136e-01  3.8798e-02   6.2210 9.632e-10 ***      
                fesisNorway.2015         -1.8353e-01  3.2408e-02  -5.6632 2.369e-08 ***      
                fesisPoland.2006          1.0620e-01  3.5536e-02   2.9885 0.0029254 **       
                fesisRomania.2018         2.1689e-01  3.8268e-02   5.6678 2.310e-08 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2011 -1.9109e-01  2.9978e-02  -6.3743 3.825e-10 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2005       -2.6497e-01  3.7345e-02  -7.0952 3.893e-12 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2013       -2.9313e-01  3.1914e-02  -9.1852 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2004         -3.2562e-01  4.3746e-02  -7.4433 3.692e-13 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   127.217  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  54.715  1 1.393e-13 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.06379      
                R-squared          0.99876      
                Log-lik.(n=660)  927.87755      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU31 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:11:27 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 660       
                Sample: 1 to 660       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      1.9544e+00  2.8869e-01   6.7699 3.196e-11 ***      
                lpop                     -7.5247e-01  5.1972e-02 -14.4784 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  -2.0254e-02  5.8896e-03  -3.4390 0.0006263 ***      
                hdd                       8.2011e-06  1.4965e-05   0.5480 0.5838821          
                cdd                       6.4840e-05  4.1372e-05   1.5673 0.1176076          
                idBelgium                 2.1539e-01  2.5855e-02   8.3306 5.960e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria                7.8174e-01  6.6499e-02  11.7556 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCroatia                -1.3053e-01  7.3052e-02  -1.7869 0.0744901 .        
                idCzechRepublic           5.6578e-01  3.2926e-02  17.1835 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark                -6.7702e-01  2.8143e-02 -24.0566 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                -8.7904e-01  1.2890e-01  -6.8194 2.327e-11 ***      
                idFinland                -5.5291e-01  3.6949e-02 -14.9640 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFrance                  1.7501e+00  1.3479e-01  12.9835 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                 1.9668e+00  1.5441e-01  12.7369 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGreece                  4.8115e-01  5.3747e-02   8.9522 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                 4.8622e-01  4.5357e-02  10.7197 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland                -2.9751e+00  2.0082e-01 -14.8150 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland                -6.1894e-01  4.4277e-02 -13.9789 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                   1.6787e+00  1.2820e-01  13.0944 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLatvia                 -3.7071e-01  1.0713e-01  -3.4604 0.0005795 ***      
                idLithuania              -1.8906e-01  8.6668e-02  -2.1815 0.0295534 *        
                idLuxembourg             -1.7162e+00  1.6477e-01 -10.4154 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idMalta                  -2.4441e+00  1.9286e-01 -12.6729 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands             3.0886e-01  4.9539e-02   6.2348 8.780e-10 ***      
                idNorway                 -9.4372e-01  3.8466e-02 -24.5339 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  1.5203e+00  8.3910e-02  18.1189 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal                4.5653e-01  4.6140e-02   9.8944 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRomania                 9.9250e-01  5.9756e-02  16.6093 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         -2.1849e-01  7.5853e-02  -2.8805 0.0041196 **       
                idSlovenia               -7.1340e-01  1.0007e-01  -7.1290 3.058e-12 ***      
                idSpain                   1.7233e+00  1.0818e-01  15.9297 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSweden                 -7.7850e-02  2.6871e-02  -2.8971 0.0039098 **       
                idSwitzerland            -8.2427e-01  2.7947e-02 -29.4938 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom           1.5392e+00  1.3791e-01  11.1613 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                 -1.5660e+01  3.7500e+00  -4.1759 3.430e-05 ***      
                time2001                 -1.5651e+01  3.7496e+00  -4.1740 3.459e-05 ***      
                time2002                 -1.5645e+01  3.7501e+00  -4.1720 3.488e-05 ***      
                time2003                 -1.5646e+01  3.7498e+00  -4.1725 3.480e-05 ***      
                time2004                 -1.5635e+01  3.7490e+00  -4.1706 3.509e-05 ***      
                time2005                 -1.5636e+01  3.7490e+00  -4.1707 3.507e-05 ***      
                time2006                 -1.5655e+01  3.7486e+00  -4.1761 3.427e-05 ***      
                time2007                 -1.5657e+01  3.7486e+00  -4.1769 3.416e-05 ***      
                time2008                 -1.5673e+01  3.7484e+00  -4.1812 3.353e-05 ***      
                time2009                 -1.5677e+01  3.7488e+00  -4.1819 3.343e-05 ***      
                time2010                 -1.5699e+01  3.7482e+00  -4.1884 3.252e-05 ***      
                time2011                 -1.5720e+01  3.7485e+00  -4.1937 3.179e-05 ***      
                time2012                 -1.5757e+01  3.7484e+00  -4.2035 3.048e-05 ***      
                time2013                 -1.5777e+01  3.7486e+00  -4.2088 2.980e-05 ***      
                time2014                 -1.5778e+01  3.7488e+00  -4.2089 2.979e-05 ***      
                time2015                 -1.5775e+01  3.7483e+00  -4.2085 2.983e-05 ***      
                time2016                 -1.5758e+01  3.7482e+00  -4.2042 3.039e-05 ***      
                time2017                 -1.5777e+01  3.7481e+00  -4.2094 2.972e-05 ***      
                time2018                 -1.5791e+01  3.7479e+00  -4.2134 2.922e-05 ***      
                time2019                 -1.5809e+01  3.7479e+00  -4.2181 2.863e-05 ***      
                time2020                 -1.5896e+01  3.7488e+00  -4.2404 2.601e-05 ***      
                time2021                 -1.5906e+01  3.7478e+00  -4.2439 2.562e-05 ***      
                iis351                   -1.7170e-01  5.1900e-02  -3.3083 0.0009975 ***      
                iis352                   -2.5049e-01  5.2383e-02  -4.7819 2.211e-06 ***      
                iis465                   -4.8538e-01  4.9249e-02  -9.8556 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis466                   -2.9589e-01  4.9369e-02  -5.9935 3.634e-09 ***      
                iis546                    1.9270e-01  4.9223e-02   3.9150 0.0001013 ***      
                iis547                    1.8325e-01  4.9369e-02   3.7118 0.0002258 ***      
                iis548                    1.7873e-01  4.9641e-02   3.6004 0.0003453 ***      
                iis549                    2.3821e-01  4.9736e-02   4.7895 2.132e-06 ***      
                iis550                    2.6167e-01  4.9904e-02   5.2434 2.221e-07 ***      
                fesisAustria.2013         1.2335e-01  2.0576e-02   5.9949 3.604e-09 ***      
                fesisGermany.2005        -9.8625e-02  2.4411e-02  -4.0403 6.067e-05 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2004        -1.3494e-01  2.7331e-02  -4.9373 1.040e-06 ***      
                fesisCroatia.2009         1.3155e-01  2.0825e-02   6.3170 5.357e-10 ***      
                fesisHungary.2019         1.2176e-01  2.9361e-02   4.1469 3.881e-05 ***      
                fesisIreland.2015        -2.4714e-01  2.7409e-02  -9.0166 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2006         2.1749e-01  2.4682e-02   8.8114 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2020        -1.7772e-01  3.6285e-02  -4.8979 1.262e-06 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2004      1.5664e-01  2.8109e-02   5.5727 3.865e-08 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015     -1.0423e-01  2.4624e-02  -4.2327 2.689e-05 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2004         -1.1023e-01  3.0409e-02  -3.6250 0.0003147 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2011         -1.4213e-01  2.3705e-02  -5.9958 3.586e-09 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010          1.2861e-01  2.3439e-02   5.4871 6.142e-08 ***      
                fesisNorway.2017         -1.4666e-01  2.7570e-02  -5.3193 1.496e-07 ***      
                fesisPoland.2006          2.1460e-01  2.5212e-02   8.5119 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2001  2.2525e-01  5.1324e-02   4.3887 1.358e-05 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2006 -1.2889e-01  2.7323e-02  -4.7172 3.008e-06 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2014 -1.2174e-01  3.1758e-02  -3.8332 0.0001405 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2017  2.1073e-01  3.4222e-02   6.1576 1.390e-09 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2008        2.3016e-01  2.1051e-02  10.9334 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2005         -1.2782e-01  2.5507e-02  -5.0111 7.221e-07 ***      
                fesisSweden.2016         -1.8442e-01  2.4303e-02  -7.5884 1.319e-13 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   187.227  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  84.208  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04598      
                R-squared           0.99902      
                Log-lik.(n=660)  1139.47040      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU31 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:06:55 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 638       
                Sample: 1 to 638       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     -2.1332e+00  6.3769e-01  -3.3452 0.0008770 ***      
                lpop                     -3.0573e-01  9.7085e-02  -3.1491 0.0017247 **       
                lgdp_sq                   4.7260e-02  1.2559e-02   3.7629 0.0001855 ***      
                hdd                       2.0400e-05  2.6198e-05   0.7787 0.4365008          
                cdd                      -6.4527e-05  7.3077e-05  -0.8830 0.3776116          
                idBelgium                 4.3325e-01  3.9932e-02  10.8498 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria               -1.1888e-01  1.0535e-01  -1.1284 0.2596238          
                idCroatia                -9.9302e-01  1.0933e-01  -9.0827 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic           4.2583e-01  5.3905e-02   7.8996 1.476e-14 ***      
                idDenmark                -1.0544e+00  4.7130e-02 -22.3723 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                -2.8034e+00  2.1606e-01 -12.9751 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland                -3.7985e-01  5.9835e-02  -6.3483 4.484e-10 ***      
                idFrance                  1.1447e+00  2.0210e-01   5.6642 2.358e-08 ***      
                idGermany                 1.5855e+00  2.2664e-01   6.9955 7.529e-12 ***      
                idGreece                 -1.3859e-01  8.9828e-02  -1.5428 0.1234396          
                idHungary                -5.3187e-01  7.2571e-02  -7.3289 8.099e-13 ***      
                idIceland                -3.5730e+00  3.5167e-01 -10.1603 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland                -1.3860e+00  6.8351e-02 -20.2779 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                   1.2684e+00  1.9876e-01   6.3813 3.669e-10 ***      
                idLatvia                 -2.6051e+00  1.7079e-01 -15.2538 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLithuania              -1.7149e+00  1.3755e-01 -12.4672 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLuxembourg             -3.0508e+00  2.6861e-01 -11.3575 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands             6.1363e-01  7.3629e-02   8.3340 6.003e-16 ***      
                idNorway                 -3.3349e-01  6.8266e-02  -4.8852 1.349e-06 ***      
                idPoland                  1.3664e+00  1.5684e-01   8.7116 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               -3.1278e-01  7.5743e-02  -4.1294 4.188e-05 ***      
                idRomania                 9.5031e-01  1.2070e-01   7.8731 1.787e-14 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         -3.6058e-03  8.3663e-02  -0.0431 0.9656378          
                idSlovenia               -2.0280e+00  1.5739e-01 -12.8853 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                   1.2630e+00  1.7230e-01   7.3300 8.038e-13 ***      
                idSweden                 -5.3455e-01  3.1048e-02 -17.2171 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -1.2944e+00  4.3993e-02 -29.4225 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom           1.2220e+00  2.0152e-01   6.0639 2.437e-09 ***      
                time2000                  3.8099e+01  8.7060e+00   4.3762 1.440e-05 ***      
                time2001                  3.8087e+01  8.7062e+00   4.3747 1.449e-05 ***      
                time2002                  3.8051e+01  8.7065e+00   4.3704 1.477e-05 ***      
                time2003                  3.8062e+01  8.7070e+00   4.3714 1.470e-05 ***      
                time2004                  3.8054e+01  8.7072e+00   4.3704 1.477e-05 ***      
                time2005                  3.8029e+01  8.7072e+00   4.3676 1.496e-05 ***      
                time2006                  3.8019e+01  8.7073e+00   4.3664 1.504e-05 ***      
                time2007                  3.8010e+01  8.7069e+00   4.3655 1.510e-05 ***      
                time2008                  3.7952e+01  8.7070e+00   4.3588 1.555e-05 ***      
                time2009                  3.7823e+01  8.7071e+00   4.3439 1.660e-05 ***      
                time2010                  3.7846e+01  8.7067e+00   4.3468 1.640e-05 ***      
                time2011                  3.7840e+01  8.7069e+00   4.3460 1.645e-05 ***      
                time2012                  3.7811e+01  8.7072e+00   4.3424 1.671e-05 ***      
                time2013                  3.7814e+01  8.7072e+00   4.3428 1.668e-05 ***      
                time2014                  3.7777e+01  8.7069e+00   4.3388 1.699e-05 ***      
                time2015                  3.7776e+01  8.7064e+00   4.3388 1.698e-05 ***      
                time2016                  3.7756e+01  8.7061e+00   4.3367 1.714e-05 ***      
                time2017                  3.7740e+01  8.7053e+00   4.3353 1.725e-05 ***      
                time2018                  3.7751e+01  8.7051e+00   4.3366 1.715e-05 ***      
                time2019                  3.7715e+01  8.7049e+00   4.3326 1.745e-05 ***      
                time2020                  3.7642e+01  8.7063e+00   4.3235 1.816e-05 ***      
                time2021                  3.7663e+01  8.7052e+00   4.3264 1.793e-05 ***      
                iis369                   -1.2876e+00  8.5317e-02 -15.0916 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis370                   -1.3478e+00  8.5679e-02 -15.7303 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis371                   -1.6128e+00  8.6542e-02 -18.6358 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis372                   -1.9511e+00  8.6891e-02 -22.4548 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis373                   -2.2899e+00  8.7450e-02 -26.1849 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis374                   -2.2883e+00  8.6973e-02 -26.3101 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2009       -5.9067e-01  4.1248e-02 -14.3197 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2017        3.1980e-01  4.6408e-02   6.8910 1.489e-11 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2005         1.4887e-01  4.5483e-02   3.2730 0.0011292 **       
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2011  -1.9515e-01  3.5495e-02  -5.4980 5.832e-08 ***      
                fesisHungary.2014         3.8049e-01  3.6412e-02  10.4493 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007        -1.5366e-01  4.3472e-02  -3.5346 0.0004419 ***      
                fesisItaly.2013          -2.6991e-01  3.6479e-02  -7.3989 5.019e-13 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2005       2.7408e-01  4.7245e-02   5.8013 1.098e-08 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2015         -3.1290e-01  4.1113e-02  -7.6107 1.155e-13 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010          3.4997e-01  3.5247e-02   9.9291 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisPoland.2005         -1.3742e-01  4.4429e-02  -3.0929 0.0020802 **       
                fesisRomania.2009        -3.7195e-01  3.8775e-02  -9.5926 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2014  1.2023e-01  3.7241e-02   3.2284 0.0013171 **       
                fesisSlovenia.2017        1.4494e-01  4.1884e-02   3.4605 0.0005801 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   194.860  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  71.783  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.07883      
                R-squared          0.99740      
                Log-lik.(n=638)  753.02280      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                EU31 (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:33:42 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 660       
                Sample: 1 to 660       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     2.3119e-01  3.2290e-01   0.7160 0.4743026          
                lpop                    -3.2715e-01  5.1104e-02  -6.4017 3.213e-10 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  3.2034e-03  6.4608e-03   0.4958 0.6202125          
                hdd                      6.2573e-05  1.4329e-05   4.3669 1.497e-05 ***      
                cdd                      5.6708e-05  4.0093e-05   1.4144 0.1577826          
                idBelgium                5.2164e-01  2.3569e-02  22.1328 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria               4.4044e-01  6.3176e-02   6.9717 8.694e-12 ***      
                idCroatia               -6.0844e-01  7.0917e-02  -8.5796 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          8.9017e-01  3.1775e-02  28.0146 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark               -3.8469e-01  2.8060e-02 -13.7095 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia               -8.8668e-01  1.2830e-01  -6.9112 1.290e-11 ***      
                idFinland               -2.1277e-01  3.5432e-02  -6.0052 3.406e-09 ***      
                idFrance                 1.6267e+00  1.1885e-01  13.6867 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                2.3323e+00  1.3419e-01  17.3805 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGreece                 5.9438e-01  4.9985e-02  11.8910 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                2.5960e-01  4.2342e-02   6.1310 1.632e-09 ***      
                idIceland               -3.1108e+00  2.0211e-01 -15.3914 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland               -4.6214e-01  4.3367e-02 -10.6565 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                  1.8014e+00  1.1384e-01  15.8242 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLatvia                -1.5725e+00  1.0651e-01 -14.7636 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLithuania             -1.0809e+00  8.4461e-02 -12.7975 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -2.1937e+00  1.6192e-01 -13.5482 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idMalta                 -3.1086e+00  1.9007e-01 -16.3547 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands            8.6727e-01  4.4655e-02  19.4218 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                -7.5933e-01  3.6767e-02 -20.6522 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                 1.9531e+00  7.9446e-02  24.5839 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               1.9090e-01  4.3424e-02   4.3961 1.315e-05 ***      
                idRomania                1.0089e+00  6.3334e-02  15.9298 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic        -1.0476e-01  5.3314e-02  -1.9649 0.0499113 *        
                idSlovenia              -1.0001e+00  9.6701e-02 -10.3421 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                  1.6189e+00  9.7638e-02  16.5801 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSweden                -3.1559e-01  2.5131e-02 -12.5577 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -7.3250e-01  2.6263e-02 -27.8905 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          1.8451e+00  1.2032e-01  15.3353 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                 7.8856e+00  4.4455e+00   1.7739 0.0766196 .        
                time2001                 7.8895e+00  4.4454e+00   1.7748 0.0764719 .        
                time2002                 7.8892e+00  4.4455e+00   1.7746 0.0764928 .        
                time2003                 7.8973e+00  4.4457e+00   1.7764 0.0762020 .        
                time2004                 7.8889e+00  4.4454e+00   1.7746 0.0764927 .        
                time2005                 7.8709e+00  4.4455e+00   1.7705 0.0771757 .        
                time2006                 7.8676e+00  4.4455e+00   1.7698 0.0772973 .        
                time2007                 7.8655e+00  4.4455e+00   1.7693 0.0773777 .        
                time2008                 7.8318e+00  4.4452e+00   1.7619 0.0786280 .        
                time2009                 7.7705e+00  4.4455e+00   1.7479 0.0810123 .        
                time2010                 7.7654e+00  4.4451e+00   1.7470 0.0811792 .        
                time2011                 7.7542e+00  4.4451e+00   1.7444 0.0816214 .        
                time2012                 7.7187e+00  4.4452e+00   1.7364 0.0830363 .        
                time2013                 7.7023e+00  4.4453e+00   1.7327 0.0836928 .        
                time2014                 7.6762e+00  4.4453e+00   1.7268 0.0847437 .        
                time2015                 7.6661e+00  4.4450e+00   1.7246 0.0851329 .        
                time2016                 7.6399e+00  4.4452e+00   1.7187 0.0862154 .        
                time2017                 7.6410e+00  4.4451e+00   1.7190 0.0861640 .        
                time2018                 7.6218e+00  4.4451e+00   1.7146 0.0869555 .        
                time2019                 7.5818e+00  4.4450e+00   1.7057 0.0886071 .        
                time2020                 7.5029e+00  4.4457e+00   1.6877 0.0920205 .        
                time2021                 7.5087e+00  4.4451e+00   1.6892 0.0917280 .        
                iis153                  -1.3537e-01  4.8756e-02  -2.7764 0.0056770 **       
                iis154                  -1.3259e-01  4.8730e-02  -2.7210 0.0067075 **       
                iis463                   1.7097e-01  5.4441e-02   3.1404 0.0017743 **       
                iis464                   3.3314e-01  5.4644e-02   6.0965 1.999e-09 ***      
                iis465                   2.5954e-01  5.4247e-02   4.7845 2.187e-06 ***      
                iis466                   3.2948e-01  5.3702e-02   6.1353 1.591e-09 ***      
                iis467                   3.5856e-01  5.3430e-02   6.7109 4.676e-11 ***      
                iis468                   3.7263e-01  5.3042e-02   7.0252 6.118e-12 ***      
                iis469                   3.7883e-01  5.2688e-02   7.1900 2.044e-12 ***      
                iis470                   3.9767e-01  5.2183e-02   7.6207 1.059e-13 ***      
                iis471                   4.1432e-01  5.1432e-02   8.0556 4.649e-15 ***      
                iis472                   3.9886e-01  5.1437e-02   7.7544 4.110e-14 ***      
                iis473                   4.2608e-01  5.1351e-02   8.2974 7.725e-16 ***      
                iis474                   4.2386e-01  5.0683e-02   8.3629 4.714e-16 ***      
                iis475                   4.9152e-01  5.0140e-02   9.8030 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis476                   3.7266e-01  4.9485e-02   7.5307 1.987e-13 ***      
                iis477                   3.7503e-01  4.8745e-02   7.6937 6.322e-14 ***      
                fesisAustria.2015        1.1642e-01  2.0704e-02   5.6234 2.936e-08 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2012       -1.5947e-01  2.8838e-02  -5.5297 4.892e-08 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2015       -9.1257e-02  3.2558e-02  -2.8029 0.0052362 **       
                fesisEstonia.2010        2.0959e-01  2.1056e-02   9.9540 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2019       -2.7121e-01  3.0070e-02  -9.0193 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisFinland.2012       -1.1054e-01  1.9477e-02  -5.6757 2.201e-08 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015 -1.5409e-01  2.1248e-02  -7.2519 1.347e-12 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013        -1.1167e-01  2.2173e-02  -5.0366 6.370e-07 ***      
                fesisIreland.2011       -9.6550e-02  2.1396e-02  -4.5124 7.788e-06 ***      
                fesisIceland.2008        2.4397e-01  2.2653e-02  10.7695 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2019      1.0877e-01  2.8772e-02   3.7802 0.0001732 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2004     1.7905e-01  2.7021e-02   6.6262 7.987e-11 ***      
                fesisNetherlands.2014    8.8233e-02  2.0032e-02   4.4045 1.267e-05 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010         2.1789e-01  1.9741e-02  11.0370 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisPoland.2016         7.6567e-02  2.3509e-02   3.2568 0.0011935 **       
                fesisRomania.2009       -1.9252e-01  2.0905e-02  -9.2093 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2005        -9.9805e-02  2.3077e-02  -4.3248 1.803e-05 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   134.402  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  54.638  1 1.449e-13 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04372      
                R-squared           0.99916      
                Log-lik.(n=660)  1174.31590      

euro_main

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                euro_main (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:50:40 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 418       
                Sample: 1 to 418       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -8.9566e-01  1.1780e+00  -0.7603 0.4475978          
                lpop                    -2.6881e-01  3.1293e-01  -0.8590 0.3909309          
                lgdp_sq                  2.4527e-02  2.2429e-02   1.0935 0.2749206          
                hdd                      1.7541e-04  4.7995e-05   3.6548 0.0002974 ***      
                cdd                      3.0668e-04  1.4285e-04   2.1469 0.0324995 *        
                idBelgium                4.7132e-01  8.7821e-02   5.3668 1.474e-07 ***      
                idDenmark                4.2357e-01  1.2406e-01   3.4143 0.0007156 ***      
                idFinland                3.2736e-01  1.3452e-01   2.4336 0.0154562 *        
                idFrance                 9.9330e-01  5.5498e-01   1.7898 0.0743610 .        
                idGermany                2.7650e+00  6.1856e-01   4.4701 1.062e-05 ***      
                idGreece                 1.3070e+00  1.8578e-01   7.0352 1.077e-11 ***      
                idIceland               -7.9437e+00  8.4663e-01  -9.3827 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland                1.8291e-02  1.7936e-01   0.1020 0.9188327          
                idItaly                  2.0570e+00  5.3682e-01   3.8318 0.0001511 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -3.8942e+00  7.7642e-01  -5.0157 8.474e-07 ***      
                idMalta                 -1.5406e+00  7.6215e-01  -2.0214 0.0440137 *        
                idNetherlands            1.3997e+00  1.8461e-01   7.5818 3.183e-13 ***      
                idNorway                -3.4063e+00  1.8715e-01 -18.2005 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               8.0774e-01  1.6043e-01   5.0350 7.715e-07 ***      
                idSpain                  1.8348e+00  4.7564e-01   3.8576 0.0001366 ***      
                idSweden                -5.8811e-01  5.0668e-02 -11.6071 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -1.9769e+00  8.6376e-02 -22.8873 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          2.2351e+00  5.4079e-01   4.1330 4.499e-05 ***      
                time2000                 1.9892e+01  1.5285e+01   1.3014 0.1939870          
                time2001                 1.9924e+01  1.5286e+01   1.3034 0.1932918          
                time2002                 1.9982e+01  1.5284e+01   1.3073 0.1919685          
                time2003                 1.9976e+01  1.5285e+01   1.3069 0.1921288          
                time2004                 1.9987e+01  1.5285e+01   1.3076 0.1918729          
                time2005                 1.9958e+01  1.5285e+01   1.3057 0.1925286          
                time2006                 1.9971e+01  1.5285e+01   1.3066 0.1922278          
                time2007                 1.9983e+01  1.5283e+01   1.3075 0.1918990          
                time2008                 1.9904e+01  1.5284e+01   1.3023 0.1936909          
                time2009                 1.9845e+01  1.5286e+01   1.2983 0.1950536          
                time2010                 1.9808e+01  1.5286e+01   1.2958 0.1959216          
                time2011                 1.9854e+01  1.5284e+01   1.2990 0.1948268          
                time2012                 1.9794e+01  1.5286e+01   1.2950 0.1962029          
                time2013                 1.9722e+01  1.5285e+01   1.2902 0.1978285          
                time2014                 1.9693e+01  1.5285e+01   1.2884 0.1984730          
                time2015                 1.9714e+01  1.5281e+01   1.2901 0.1978691          
                time2016                 1.9639e+01  1.5281e+01   1.2852 0.1995987          
                time2017                 1.9666e+01  1.5281e+01   1.2870 0.1989655          
                time2018                 1.9566e+01  1.5280e+01   1.2805 0.2012386          
                time2019                 1.9478e+01  1.5280e+01   1.2747 0.2032790          
                time2020                 1.9394e+01  1.5282e+01   1.2690 0.2052837          
                time2021                 1.9387e+01  1.5282e+01   1.2687 0.2054177          
                iis250                   4.9340e-01  1.6152e-01   3.0547 0.0024280 **       
                iis261                  -6.6076e-01  1.3259e-01  -4.9836 9.895e-07 ***      
                iis300                  -3.2943e-01  1.2130e-01  -2.7159 0.0069421 **       
                iis362                   1.0861e+00  1.2060e-01   9.0058 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis363                   1.5610e+00  1.2317e-01  12.6740 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis364                   1.4801e+00  1.2085e-01  12.2476 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis365                   1.0728e+00  1.2132e-01   8.8423 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis366                   1.1729e+00  1.2140e-01   9.6614 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis367                   1.2991e+00  1.2143e-01  10.6982 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis368                   1.3218e+00  1.2239e-01  10.7995 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis369                   1.3654e+00  1.2226e-01  11.1683 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis370                   1.3824e+00  1.2255e-01  11.2806 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis371                   1.4380e+00  1.2301e-01  11.6900 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis372                   1.4814e+00  1.2328e-01  12.0166 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis373                   1.6252e+00  1.2295e-01  13.2186 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis374                   1.5257e+00  1.2279e-01  12.4253 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSwitzerland.2018    3.6052e-01  6.5702e-02   5.4873 7.915e-08 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2011       -3.5954e-01  5.8338e-02  -6.1631 1.991e-09 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2017       -4.0703e-01  6.9645e-02  -5.8443 1.178e-08 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015 -5.0766e-01  5.5175e-02  -9.2010 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007        5.0591e-01  1.2702e-01   3.9830 8.304e-05 ***      
                fesisIceland.2009       -5.9934e-01  1.4226e-01  -4.2130 3.221e-05 ***      
                fesisIceland.2011       -4.5517e-01  1.1542e-01  -3.9437 9.719e-05 ***      
                fesisIceland.2013        8.2923e-01  9.7351e-02   8.5179 5.101e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2018       -5.3143e-01  8.7791e-02  -6.0533 3.702e-09 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2002     1.2879e+00  8.9786e-02  14.3442 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015    -1.1234e+00  7.2327e-02 -15.5321 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisMalta.2015         -7.0065e-01  9.3293e-02  -7.5102 5.100e-13 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   48.517  1 3.274e-12 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 31.712  1 1.788e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.11114      
                R-squared          0.99831      
                Log-lik.(n=418)  361.70155      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                euro_main (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:01:49 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 418       
                Sample: 1 to 418       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -2.1351e-01  6.1085e-01  -0.3495 0.7268978          
                lpop                     6.6842e-01  1.8257e-01   3.6613 0.0002896 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  6.0735e-03  1.1587e-02   0.5242 0.6005024          
                hdd                      2.0284e-04  2.5096e-05   8.0827 1.035e-14 ***      
                cdd                     -1.4360e-05  7.7204e-05  -0.1860 0.8525477          
                idBelgium                9.1264e-01  5.0136e-02  18.2034 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark               -3.3187e-01  7.0721e-02  -4.6927 3.871e-06 ***      
                idFinland               -6.5684e-01  7.7631e-02  -8.4609 7.272e-16 ***      
                idFrance                 7.8071e-01  3.3447e-01   2.3341 0.0201526 *        
                idGermany                8.9390e-01  3.7744e-01   2.3683 0.0184094 *        
                idGreece                 2.7817e-01  1.0510e-01   2.6467 0.0084945 **       
                idIceland               -5.7834e-01  4.6363e-01  -1.2474 0.2130769          
                idIreland                5.3038e-01  1.0336e-01   5.1314 4.771e-07 ***      
                idItaly                  6.9126e-01  3.2317e-01   2.1390 0.0331289 *        
                idLuxembourg             2.3290e-01  4.3425e-01   0.5363 0.5920755          
                idMalta                 -1.9577e+00  3.9596e-01  -4.9441 1.187e-06 ***      
                idNetherlands            7.5711e-01  1.1248e-01   6.7311 6.880e-11 ***      
                idNorway                -9.5876e-01  1.0588e-01  -9.0551 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal              -4.4387e-01  9.1948e-02  -4.8275 2.067e-06 ***      
                idSpain                  8.7248e-02  2.7510e-01   0.3171 0.7513205          
                idSweden                -1.0310e+00  3.5823e-02 -28.7805 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            3.2129e-01  5.0649e-02   6.3434 6.928e-10 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          7.5897e-01  3.2822e-01   2.3124 0.0213324 *        
                time2000                -4.2336e-01  7.2913e+00  -0.0581 0.9537310          
                time2001                -4.1614e-01  7.2909e+00  -0.0571 0.9545168          
                time2002                -4.0292e-01  7.2909e+00  -0.0553 0.9559596          
                time2003                -3.9122e-01  7.2908e+00  -0.0537 0.9572368          
                time2004                -4.1299e-01  7.2910e+00  -0.0566 0.9548606          
                time2005                -4.2856e-01  7.2906e+00  -0.0588 0.9531584          
                time2006                -4.7483e-01  7.2903e+00  -0.0651 0.9481063          
                time2007                -5.4100e-01  7.2897e+00  -0.0742 0.9408825          
                time2008                -5.6740e-01  7.2895e+00  -0.0778 0.9380012          
                time2009                -5.9277e-01  7.2900e+00  -0.0813 0.9352399          
                time2010                -6.2231e-01  7.2895e+00  -0.0854 0.9320149          
                time2011                -6.5710e-01  7.2894e+00  -0.0901 0.9282235          
                time2012                -6.9229e-01  7.2894e+00  -0.0950 0.9243916          
                time2013                -7.0401e-01  7.2886e+00  -0.0966 0.9231065          
                time2014                -7.6270e-01  7.2884e+00  -0.1046 0.9167173          
                time2015                -7.4744e-01  7.2883e+00  -0.1026 0.9183762          
                time2016                -7.8801e-01  7.2886e+00  -0.1081 0.9139664          
                time2017                -8.0452e-01  7.2885e+00  -0.1104 0.9121684          
                time2018                -8.1974e-01  7.2883e+00  -0.1125 0.9105123          
                time2019                -8.3779e-01  7.2881e+00  -0.1150 0.9085487          
                time2020                -9.0878e-01  7.2883e+00  -0.1247 0.9008401          
                time2021                -9.4464e-01  7.2873e+00  -0.1296 0.8969352          
                iis212                  -2.3888e-01  6.6339e-02  -3.6009 0.0003628 ***      
                iis213                  -1.8718e-01  6.5698e-02  -2.8492 0.0046418 **       
                iis263                  -4.3235e-01  6.5666e-02  -6.5840 1.672e-10 ***      
                iis264                  -3.6215e-01  6.5180e-02  -5.5562 5.459e-08 ***      
                iis368                  -2.6202e-01  6.6217e-02  -3.9569 9.190e-05 ***      
                iis397                   4.1881e-01  6.7290e-02   6.2239 1.383e-09 ***      
                iis398                   2.9939e-01  6.7262e-02   4.4511 1.149e-05 ***      
                iis399                   2.8690e-01  6.7420e-02   4.2554 2.681e-05 ***      
                iis400                   2.5559e-01  6.7460e-02   3.7888 0.0001781 ***      
                fesisGermany.2013        1.2961e-01  2.9145e-02   4.4470 1.170e-05 ***      
                fesisSpain.2004          1.6760e-01  3.8063e-02   4.4032 1.418e-05 ***      
                fesisSpain.2014          1.5051e-01  2.9780e-02   5.0541 6.973e-07 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2016  1.5337e-01  3.1147e-02   4.9242 1.307e-06 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013        -3.0101e-01  3.4393e-02  -8.7521 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisItaly.2008          1.9419e-01  2.9138e-02   6.6645 1.030e-10 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2014     1.4270e-01  3.5440e-02   4.0266 6.939e-05 ***      
                fesisMalta.2005          1.7866e-01  5.1835e-02   3.4467 0.0006363 ***      
                fesisMalta.2007          1.6925e-01  5.1608e-02   3.2795 0.0011440 **       
                fesisMalta.2013          2.7829e-01  4.1795e-02   6.6584 1.069e-10 ***      
                fesisNetherlands.2009    1.2611e-01  2.7201e-02   4.6362 5.013e-06 ***      
                fesisNorway.2015        -2.1268e-01  3.1333e-02  -6.7877 4.869e-11 ***      
                fesisSweden.2009        -3.0261e-01  3.2705e-02  -9.2527 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   49.472  1 2.013e-12 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 32.611  1 1.126e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.05952      
                R-squared          0.99907      
                Log-lik.(n=418)  619.76989      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                euro_main (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:13:03 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 418       
                Sample: 1 to 418       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                            coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                  2.5354e+00  2.8429e-01   8.9183 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lpop                 -3.2506e-03  1.2369e-01  -0.0263 0.9790489          
                lgdp_sq              -3.7470e-02  5.7415e-03  -6.5262 2.346e-10 ***      
                hdd                   3.8657e-06  1.5036e-05   0.2571 0.7972591          
                cdd                  -6.6814e-05  4.7960e-05  -1.3931 0.1644656          
                idBelgium             7.1558e-02  3.2340e-02   2.2127 0.0275570 *        
                idDenmark            -4.5249e-01  4.6428e-02  -9.7460 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland            -3.7077e-01  4.7915e-02  -7.7380 1.071e-13 ***      
                idFrance              8.7697e-01  1.9998e-01   4.3852 1.531e-05 ***      
                idGermany             1.0160e+00  2.2689e-01   4.4778 1.019e-05 ***      
                idGreece              2.0960e-01  7.0294e-02   2.9817 0.0030656 **       
                idIceland            -1.3962e+00  3.1597e-01  -4.4188 1.322e-05 ***      
                idIreland            -3.1465e-01  6.9134e-02  -4.5512 7.348e-06 ***      
                idItaly               8.7122e-01  1.9468e-01   4.4751 1.032e-05 ***      
                idLuxembourg         -1.6570e-01  2.9354e-01  -0.5645 0.5727865          
                idMalta              -1.1236e+00  2.7192e-01  -4.1320 4.495e-05 ***      
                idNetherlands         3.3064e-02  6.6887e-02   0.4943 0.6213799          
                idNorway             -5.5042e-01  7.1987e-02  -7.6461 1.983e-13 ***      
                idPortugal            1.2548e-01  6.2617e-02   2.0040 0.0458375 *        
                idSpain               9.3757e-01  1.7505e-01   5.3561 1.537e-07 ***      
                idSweden             -1.2370e-01  2.3075e-02  -5.3608 1.500e-07 ***      
                idSwitzerland        -5.8394e-01  3.8824e-02 -15.0406 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom       7.6171e-01  1.9418e-01   3.9227 0.0001052 ***      
                time2000             -3.0834e+01  3.8499e+00  -8.0091 1.696e-14 ***      
                time2001             -3.0839e+01  3.8494e+00  -8.0113 1.670e-14 ***      
                time2002             -3.0830e+01  3.8500e+00  -8.0078 1.711e-14 ***      
                time2003             -3.0805e+01  3.8493e+00  -8.0027 1.771e-14 ***      
                time2004             -3.0815e+01  3.8489e+00  -8.0062 1.729e-14 ***      
                time2005             -3.0809e+01  3.8489e+00  -8.0046 1.749e-14 ***      
                time2006             -3.0808e+01  3.8477e+00  -8.0069 1.721e-14 ***      
                time2007             -3.0815e+01  3.8475e+00  -8.0091 1.695e-14 ***      
                time2008             -3.0838e+01  3.8478e+00  -8.0144 1.634e-14 ***      
                time2009             -3.0851e+01  3.8491e+00  -8.0152 1.626e-14 ***      
                time2010             -3.0867e+01  3.8484e+00  -8.0207 1.565e-14 ***      
                time2011             -3.0892e+01  3.8488e+00  -8.0264 1.505e-14 ***      
                time2012             -3.0936e+01  3.8490e+00  -8.0374 1.395e-14 ***      
                time2013             -3.0959e+01  3.8497e+00  -8.0419 1.353e-14 ***      
                time2014             -3.0977e+01  3.8500e+00  -8.0461 1.314e-14 ***      
                time2015             -3.0968e+01  3.8494e+00  -8.0448 1.326e-14 ***      
                time2016             -3.0958e+01  3.8494e+00  -8.0423 1.349e-14 ***      
                time2017             -3.0972e+01  3.8490e+00  -8.0467 1.308e-14 ***      
                time2018             -3.0971e+01  3.8486e+00  -8.0473 1.303e-14 ***      
                time2019             -3.0984e+01  3.8486e+00  -8.0507 1.272e-14 ***      
                time2020             -3.1132e+01  3.8496e+00  -8.0872 9.889e-15 ***      
                time2021             -3.1125e+01  3.8484e+00  -8.0877 9.856e-15 ***      
                iis1                 -1.4254e-01  3.8832e-02  -3.6708 0.0002792 ***      
                iis242               -1.3119e-01  4.1877e-02  -3.1328 0.0018765 **       
                iis311               -4.8342e-01  3.9706e-02 -12.1749 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis312               -2.7641e-01  4.0099e-02  -6.8932 2.522e-11 ***      
                fesisAustria.2013     1.4129e-01  1.6766e-02   8.4271 9.105e-16 ***      
                fesisGermany.2005    -1.1160e-01  2.1941e-02  -5.0862 5.943e-07 ***      
                fesisGermany.2013     1.4697e-01  1.9796e-02   7.4241 8.585e-13 ***      
                fesisFrance.2012      7.4442e-02  1.6457e-02   4.5234 8.325e-06 ***      
                fesisIreland.2010    -6.8934e-02  2.1540e-02  -3.2002 0.0014977 **       
                fesisIreland.2015    -1.3040e-01  2.8027e-02  -4.6527 4.640e-06 ***      
                fesisIceland.2006     1.9024e-01  2.0491e-02   9.2840 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2020    -1.8505e-01  3.0033e-02  -6.1616 1.965e-09 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2004  1.8245e-01  2.8679e-02   6.3617 6.189e-10 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2007 -8.5755e-02  2.6201e-02  -3.2730 0.0011693 **       
                fesisLuxembourg.2015 -1.3470e-01  2.3389e-02  -5.7591 1.841e-08 ***      
                fesisMalta.2020       1.1519e-01  3.2236e-02   3.5734 0.0004014 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010      1.1129e-01  1.9059e-02   5.8392 1.190e-08 ***      
                fesisNorway.2017     -1.3826e-01  2.2079e-02  -6.2620 1.104e-09 ***      
                fesisSweden.2005     -1.0663e-01  2.0534e-02  -5.1930 3.503e-07 ***      
                fesisSweden.2016     -1.6186e-01  1.9561e-02  -8.2748 2.673e-15 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   95.905  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 22.825  1 1.775e-06 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.03624      
                R-squared          0.99951      
                Log-lik.(n=418)  826.16422      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                euro_main (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:10:17 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 396       
                Sample: 1 to 396       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -6.2823e+00  1.6320e+00  -3.8494 0.0001424 ***      
                lpop                    -9.6733e-01  2.2139e-01  -4.3694 1.675e-05 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  1.2879e-01  3.0800e-02   4.1816 3.722e-05 ***      
                hdd                     -3.3464e-05  3.5787e-05  -0.9351 0.3504313          
                cdd                     -6.6647e-06  1.0831e-04  -0.0615 0.9509697          
                idBelgium                5.2714e-01  6.2592e-02   8.4219 1.184e-15 ***      
                idDenmark               -1.3016e+00  8.5976e-02 -15.1394 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland               -5.4047e-01  9.4200e-02  -5.7375 2.191e-08 ***      
                idFrance                 1.7933e+00  4.1342e-01   4.3378 1.920e-05 ***      
                idGermany                2.2702e+00  4.6989e-01   4.8313 2.088e-06 ***      
                idGreece                -3.8394e-02  1.3403e-01  -0.2865 0.7746995          
                idIceland               -8.0103e+00  5.8012e-01 -13.8081 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland               -1.7782e+00  1.2602e-01 -14.1112 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                  1.9477e+00  3.9452e-01   4.9369 1.268e-06 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -4.9883e+00  5.3920e-01  -9.2513 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands            8.4763e-01  1.3280e-01   6.3828 5.953e-10 ***      
                idNorway                -6.5322e-01  1.3118e-01  -4.9797 1.033e-06 ***      
                idPortugal              -2.1359e-01  1.1682e-01  -1.8283 0.0684094 .        
                idSpain                  1.9097e+00  3.4021e-01   5.6134 4.237e-08 ***      
                idSweden                -4.7672e-01  3.6510e-02 -13.0575 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -1.4714e+00  6.1121e-02 -24.0740 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          1.8948e+00  4.0564e-01   4.6712 4.379e-06 ***      
                time2000                 1.0146e+02  2.1196e+01   4.7865 2.574e-06 ***      
                time2001                 1.0146e+02  2.1196e+01   4.7869 2.570e-06 ***      
                time2002                 1.0141e+02  2.1196e+01   4.7847 2.597e-06 ***      
                time2003                 1.0142e+02  2.1196e+01   4.7850 2.592e-06 ***      
                time2004                 1.0142e+02  2.1196e+01   4.7847 2.596e-06 ***      
                time2005                 1.0139e+02  2.1195e+01   4.7836 2.610e-06 ***      
                time2006                 1.0136e+02  2.1193e+01   4.7829 2.618e-06 ***      
                time2007                 1.0134e+02  2.1192e+01   4.7819 2.630e-06 ***      
                time2008                 1.0133e+02  2.1191e+01   4.7816 2.634e-06 ***      
                time2009                 1.0121e+02  2.1193e+01   4.7758 2.705e-06 ***      
                time2010                 1.0126e+02  2.1192e+01   4.7784 2.673e-06 ***      
                time2011                 1.0120e+02  2.1191e+01   4.7759 2.705e-06 ***      
                time2012                 1.0120e+02  2.1191e+01   4.7756 2.709e-06 ***      
                time2013                 1.0120e+02  2.1192e+01   4.7757 2.708e-06 ***      
                time2014                 1.0117e+02  2.1191e+01   4.7741 2.727e-06 ***      
                time2015                 1.0116e+02  2.1190e+01   4.7739 2.729e-06 ***      
                time2016                 1.0114e+02  2.1189e+01   4.7735 2.735e-06 ***      
                time2017                 1.0113e+02  2.1188e+01   4.7732 2.739e-06 ***      
                time2018                 1.0111e+02  2.1187e+01   4.7723 2.750e-06 ***      
                time2019                 1.0109e+02  2.1187e+01   4.7714 2.761e-06 ***      
                time2020                 1.0100e+02  2.1189e+01   4.7666 2.825e-06 ***      
                time2021                 1.0101e+02  2.1187e+01   4.7674 2.814e-06 ***      
                iis243                   1.9099e+00  1.3815e-01  13.8251 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis244                   1.9477e+00  1.3243e-01  14.7066 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis245                   2.0508e+00  1.3147e-01  15.5989 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis246                   1.9790e+00  1.3062e-01  15.1501 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis247                   2.1137e+00  1.2032e-01  17.5673 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis248                   2.1525e+00  1.1282e-01  19.0789 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis249                   2.1150e+00  1.0577e-01  19.9956 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis250                   2.1185e+00  9.9203e-02  21.3555 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis251                   2.0220e+00  9.7559e-02  20.7256 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis252                   1.9350e+00  1.0365e-01  18.6679 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis253                   1.8343e+00  1.0936e-01  16.7725 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis254                   1.8637e+00  1.0311e-01  18.0757 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis255                   1.9231e+00  1.0349e-01  18.5818 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis256                   2.0383e+00  1.0004e-01  20.3743 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis257                   2.1673e+00  9.8447e-02  22.0145 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis258                   2.0716e+00  9.5952e-02  21.5904 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis259                   7.5869e-01  9.4562e-02   8.0232 1.862e-14 ***      
                iis260                   7.2778e-01  9.2772e-02   7.8448 6.216e-14 ***      
                iis261                   5.3483e-01  9.1913e-02   5.8189 1.412e-08 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2004 -1.4033e-01  4.9142e-02  -2.8556 0.0045701 **       
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2013 -1.9453e-01  4.0188e-02  -4.8405 2.001e-06 ***      
                fesisItaly.2008         -2.2810e-01  3.7323e-02  -6.1115 2.807e-09 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2006     1.3843e-01  5.1292e-02   2.6988 0.0073207 **       
                fesisLuxembourg.2016     1.4826e-01  5.1493e-02   2.8792 0.0042491 **       
                fesisNorway.2010         3.7718e-01  3.5936e-02  10.4961 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   146.712  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  93.281  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.07692      
                R-squared          0.99778      
                Log-lik.(n=396)  488.34052      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                euro_main (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:37:41 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 418       
                Sample: 1 to 418       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     4.2569e-01  4.5138e-01   0.9431 0.3462750          
                lpop                    -1.3229e-01  1.0822e-01  -1.2224 0.2223832          
                lgdp_sq                  1.3309e-03  8.6563e-03   0.1537 0.8778990          
                hdd                      6.4517e-05  1.8136e-05   3.5573 0.0004255 ***      
                cdd                      7.2376e-05  5.7640e-05   1.2557 0.2100649          
                idBelgium                4.6560e-01  3.2288e-02  14.4201 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark               -2.7322e-01  4.3430e-02  -6.2910 9.285e-10 ***      
                idFinland               -1.2430e-01  4.7812e-02  -2.5998 0.0097167 **       
                idFrance                 1.0686e+00  1.9417e-01   5.5035 7.145e-08 ***      
                idGermany                1.6649e+00  2.1961e-01   7.5810 3.022e-13 ***      
                idGreece                 5.4822e-01  7.2756e-02   7.5350 4.097e-13 ***      
                idIceland               -2.1370e+00  2.8691e-01  -7.4484 7.248e-13 ***      
                idIreland               -2.7187e-01  6.4475e-02  -4.2167 3.150e-05 ***      
                idItaly                  1.2757e+00  1.8745e-01   6.8054 4.302e-11 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -1.4173e+00  2.6278e-01  -5.3937 1.263e-07 ***      
                idMalta                 -1.7763e+00  2.6041e-01  -6.8212 3.905e-11 ***      
                idNetherlands            6.6969e-01  6.5854e-02  10.1693 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                -6.4367e-01  6.5051e-02  -9.8949 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               2.1437e-01  6.2464e-02   3.4320 0.0006699 ***      
                idSpain                  1.1879e+00  1.6533e-01   7.1854 3.975e-12 ***      
                idSweden                -3.4333e-01  2.6828e-02 -12.7974 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -7.6376e-01  3.5318e-02 -21.6250 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          1.2780e+00  1.9075e-01   6.7001 8.186e-11 ***      
                time2000                 9.2162e-01  5.7681e+00   0.1598 0.8731466          
                time2001                 9.3127e-01  5.7678e+00   0.1615 0.8718233          
                time2002                 9.3946e-01  5.7680e+00   0.1629 0.8707090          
                time2003                 9.5032e-01  5.7680e+00   0.1648 0.8692288          
                time2004                 9.4116e-01  5.7674e+00   0.1632 0.8704644          
                time2005                 9.2217e-01  5.7675e+00   0.1599 0.8730588          
                time2006                 9.1758e-01  5.7674e+00   0.1591 0.8736828          
                time2007                 8.9829e-01  5.7675e+00   0.1558 0.8763182          
                time2008                 8.6168e-01  5.7669e+00   0.1494 0.8813071          
                time2009                 8.1465e-01  5.7673e+00   0.1413 0.8877496          
                time2010                 8.0346e-01  5.7669e+00   0.1393 0.8892734          
                time2011                 7.9603e-01  5.7671e+00   0.1380 0.8902964          
                time2012                 7.5793e-01  5.7675e+00   0.1314 0.8955238          
                time2013                 7.3133e-01  5.7678e+00   0.1268 0.8991745          
                time2014                 7.0331e-01  5.7686e+00   0.1219 0.9030303          
                time2015                 6.7475e-01  5.7675e+00   0.1170 0.9069326          
                time2016                 6.5150e-01  5.7673e+00   0.1130 0.9101236          
                time2017                 6.4470e-01  5.7670e+00   0.1118 0.9110522          
                time2018                 6.1522e-01  5.7669e+00   0.1067 0.9151015          
                time2019                 5.7087e-01  5.7667e+00   0.0990 0.9211983          
                time2020                 4.7352e-01  5.7678e+00   0.0821 0.9346155          
                time2021                 4.7131e-01  5.7667e+00   0.0817 0.9349084          
                iis324                  -3.8327e-01  5.1650e-02  -7.4205 8.695e-13 ***      
                iis325                  -5.5315e-01  5.1958e-02 -10.6459 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis326                  -4.9068e-01  5.4660e-02  -8.9769 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis327                  -4.5965e-01  5.6056e-02  -8.1998 4.453e-15 ***      
                iis328                  -3.8514e-01  5.7753e-02  -6.6687 9.906e-11 ***      
                iis329                  -2.9111e-01  5.5105e-02  -5.2827 2.225e-07 ***      
                iis330                  -2.6864e-01  5.8569e-02  -4.5868 6.250e-06 ***      
                fesisAustria.2015        1.4079e-01  2.1177e-02   6.6483 1.120e-10 ***      
                fesisGermany.2012        8.0426e-02  2.1906e-02   3.6715 0.0002782 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2011       -1.6944e-01  2.3321e-02  -7.2656 2.376e-12 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2017       -1.2771e-01  2.7660e-02  -4.6173 5.442e-06 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2014 -1.2670e-01  2.1616e-02  -5.8612 1.050e-08 ***      
                fesisIreland.2011       -1.2537e-01  2.2595e-02  -5.5486 5.640e-08 ***      
                fesisIceland.2008        2.2206e-01  2.4092e-02   9.2174 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2004     1.3426e-01  2.8338e-02   4.7379 3.128e-06 ***      
                fesisNetherlands.2014    1.1338e-01  2.0655e-02   5.4890 7.706e-08 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010         2.1605e-01  2.0337e-02  10.6235 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2005        -1.0984e-01  2.3750e-02  -4.6250 5.256e-06 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   74.440  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 19.594  1 9.577e-06 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.04427      
                R-squared          0.99930      
                Log-lik.(n=418)  741.48260      

Full Sample

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                Full Sample (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:54:17 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 1122       
                Sample: 1 to 1122       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -3.6950e+00  4.6413e-01  -7.9612 4.686e-15 ***      
                lpop                     1.1873e+00  9.9330e-02  11.9526 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  8.5113e-02  8.5816e-03   9.9180 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                hdd                      1.6174e-04  3.1170e-05   5.1891 2.567e-07 ***      
                cdd                      2.5660e-04  7.6515e-05   3.3536 0.0008281 ***      
                idAustralia              1.6751e+00  9.1432e-02  18.3206 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idAustria                1.1100e+00  1.7793e-01   6.2385 6.558e-10 ***      
                idBelgium                1.1189e+00  1.4882e-01   7.5184 1.248e-13 ***      
                idBrazil                -3.1520e+00  1.6807e-01 -18.7546 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria               3.2641e+00  2.0438e-01  15.9710 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCanada                 2.8767e-01  1.3345e-01   2.1556 0.0313594 *        
                idChile                  1.1423e+00  1.1534e-01   9.9037 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idChina                 -2.6305e+00  3.3033e-01  -7.9631 4.621e-15 ***      
                idColombia              -1.0225e+00  7.3032e-02 -14.0011 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica             -1.5434e+00  2.5936e-01  -5.9507 3.710e-09 ***      
                idCroatia                2.0638e+00  2.4407e-01   8.4560 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          2.8321e+00  1.5943e-01  17.7641 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark                2.2211e+00  2.1185e-01  10.4840 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                4.6236e+00  3.7909e-01  12.1967 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland                2.2868e+00  2.3227e-01   9.8454 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFrance                -1.8775e+00  1.0754e-01 -17.4581 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany               -6.5105e-01  1.3296e-01  -4.8965 1.140e-06 ***      
                idGreece                 2.2575e+00  1.3620e-01  16.5749 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                1.8238e+00  1.5835e-01  11.5175 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland               -1.2294e+00  5.2886e-01  -2.3247 0.0202926 *        
                idIndia                 -2.4729e+00  3.4523e-01  -7.1631 1.546e-12 ***      
                idIndonesia             -1.5382e+00  2.1913e-01  -7.0199 4.139e-12 ***      
                idIreland                2.4973e+00  2.3457e-01  10.6464 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIsrael                 2.5679e+00  1.7848e-01  14.3877 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                 -5.2724e-01  8.2262e-02  -6.4093 2.266e-10 ***      
                idJapan                 -1.3361e+00  1.4073e-01  -9.4939 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLatvia                 2.2854e+00  3.3210e-01   6.8818 1.052e-11 ***      
                idLithuania              2.1091e+00  2.8782e-01   7.3280 4.871e-13 ***      
                idLuxembourg             1.8650e+00  4.3069e-01   4.3302 1.642e-05 ***      
                idMalta                  4.6984e+00  5.1102e-01   9.1942 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idMexico                -5.6253e-01  1.0899e-01  -5.1613 2.968e-07 ***      
                idNetherlands            1.1711e+00  1.2372e-01   9.4659 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             2.2918e+00  2.2751e-01  10.0733 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNorway                -1.6158e+00  2.4984e-01  -6.4671 1.572e-10 ***      
                idPeru                  -8.5392e-01  1.0415e-01  -8.1988 7.539e-16 ***      
                idPoland                 1.5997e+00  9.3174e-02  17.1689 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               1.8178e+00  1.3893e-01  13.0848 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRomania                1.5263e+00  1.0699e-01  14.2653 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRussia                 4.5241e-01  1.7557e-01   2.5768 0.0101181 *        
                idSaudiArabia            1.4556e+00  2.1221e-01   6.8593 1.223e-11 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         2.1753e+00  2.2228e-01   9.7863 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovenia               3.2978e+00  3.1414e-01  10.4976 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthAfrica            2.0800e+00  6.1205e-02  33.9840 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea             6.9029e-01  7.4056e-02   9.3212 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                 -7.7370e-02  6.1147e-02  -1.2653 0.2060639          
                idSweden                 2.4959e-01  1.7843e-01   1.3988 0.1621782          
                idSwitzerland           -9.6712e-01  1.9081e-01  -5.0685 4.790e-07 ***      
                idTurkey                -1.7078e-02  7.8279e-02  -0.2182 0.8273405          
                idUnitedKingdom         -6.6648e-01  1.2477e-01  -5.3415 1.146e-07 ***      
                idUnitedStates          -2.5021e+00  2.2498e-01 -11.1212 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                 2.7350e+01  6.9371e+00   3.9425 8.635e-05 ***      
                time2001                 2.7365e+01  6.9379e+00   3.9443 8.574e-05 ***      
                time2002                 2.7349e+01  6.9391e+00   3.9413 8.678e-05 ***      
                time2003                 2.7340e+01  6.9401e+00   3.9394 8.745e-05 ***      
                time2004                 2.7297e+01  6.9412e+00   3.9327 8.992e-05 ***      
                time2005                 2.7266e+01  6.9421e+00   3.9276 9.179e-05 ***      
                time2006                 2.7241e+01  6.9431e+00   3.9235 9.336e-05 ***      
                time2007                 2.7256e+01  6.9446e+00   3.9248 9.285e-05 ***      
                time2008                 2.7220e+01  6.9451e+00   3.9192 9.499e-05 ***      
                time2009                 2.7181e+01  6.9443e+00   3.9141 9.700e-05 ***      
                time2010                 2.7148e+01  6.9443e+00   3.9093 9.891e-05 ***      
                time2011                 2.7117e+01  6.9447e+00   3.9047 0.0001008 ***      
                time2012                 2.7096e+01  6.9452e+00   3.9014 0.0001022 ***      
                time2013                 2.7041e+01  6.9455e+00   3.8933 0.0001056 ***      
                time2014                 2.7010e+01  6.9458e+00   3.8886 0.0001076 ***      
                time2015                 2.6970e+01  6.9456e+00   3.8830 0.0001101 ***      
                time2016                 2.6916e+01  6.9463e+00   3.8748 0.0001138 ***      
                time2017                 2.6857e+01  6.9471e+00   3.8659 0.0001179 ***      
                time2018                 2.6791e+01  6.9472e+00   3.8565 0.0001225 ***      
                time2019                 2.6712e+01  6.9478e+00   3.8446 0.0001285 ***      
                time2020                 2.6655e+01  6.9476e+00   3.8366 0.0001327 ***      
                time2021                 2.6623e+01  6.9485e+00   3.8316 0.0001354 ***      
                iis248                   1.0566e+00  1.4255e-01   7.4121 2.679e-13 ***      
                iis249                   1.7699e+00  1.4203e-01  12.4615 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis250                   2.0039e+00  1.4157e-01  14.1550 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis251                   1.9488e+00  1.4151e-01  13.7718 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis252                   1.4551e+00  1.4110e-01  10.3129 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis253                   1.8092e+00  1.4111e-01  12.8213 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis254                   1.9913e+00  1.4072e-01  14.1501 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis255                   1.8394e+00  1.4074e-01  13.0695 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis256                   2.2419e+00  1.4040e-01  15.9681 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis257                   2.1276e+00  1.4028e-01  15.1664 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis260                  -1.1175e+00  1.4008e-01  -7.9780 4.125e-15 ***      
                iis580                   5.6354e-01  1.8344e-01   3.0720 0.0021847 **       
                iis591                  -5.8843e-01  1.4979e-01  -3.9283 9.152e-05 ***      
                iis707                   1.4361e+00  1.3853e-01  10.3668 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis708                   1.3550e+00  1.3864e-01   9.7731 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis709                   1.5488e+00  1.3823e-01  11.2050 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis710                   1.5313e+00  1.3817e-01  11.0827 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis711                   1.5589e+00  1.3796e-01  11.3000 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis712                   1.4364e+00  1.3754e-01  10.4439 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis713                   1.2713e+00  1.3746e-01   9.2480 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis714                   1.4251e+00  1.3729e-01  10.3802 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis715                   1.3840e+00  1.3733e-01  10.0779 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis716                   1.3332e+00  1.3714e-01   9.7211 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis717                   1.2850e+00  1.3694e-01   9.3836 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis718                   8.6434e-01  1.3705e-01   6.3067 4.303e-10 ***      
                iis719                   9.0725e-01  1.3687e-01   6.6285 5.585e-11 ***      
                iis824                   8.9922e-01  1.4023e-01   6.4124 2.222e-10 ***      
                iis825                   1.3575e+00  1.4210e-01   9.5532 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis826                   1.3173e+00  1.4022e-01   9.3942 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis827                   8.4592e-01  1.4056e-01   6.0180 2.490e-09 ***      
                iis828                   9.0473e-01  1.4042e-01   6.4433 1.829e-10 ***      
                iis829                   1.0035e+00  1.4042e-01   7.1468 1.731e-12 ***      
                iis830                   1.0644e+00  1.4054e-01   7.5741 8.330e-14 ***      
                iis831                   1.0717e+00  1.4053e-01   7.6265 5.685e-14 ***      
                iis832                   1.1531e+00  1.4055e-01   8.2039 7.248e-16 ***      
                iis833                   1.1638e+00  1.4056e-01   8.2800 3.997e-16 ***      
                iis834                   1.1825e+00  1.4071e-01   8.4037 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis835                   1.2878e+00  1.4059e-01   9.1599 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis836                   1.1956e+00  1.4060e-01   8.5034 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisArgentina.2014      3.3338e-01  5.8012e-02   5.7468 1.213e-08 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2013         7.2792e-01  5.7069e-02  12.7550 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisCanada.2007        -3.7154e-01  6.0074e-02  -6.1846 9.121e-10 ***      
                fesisChile.2011          6.1702e-01  5.6472e-02  10.9261 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisChina.2007         -2.9743e-01  8.2195e-02  -3.6186 0.0003113 ***      
                fesisColombia.2013       5.3036e-01  5.8229e-02   9.1081 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2005     -2.3584e-01  8.4630e-02  -2.7867 0.0054271 **       
                fesisDenmark.2012       -6.0945e-01  5.6094e-02 -10.8649 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015 -6.3374e-01  6.0033e-02 -10.5566 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2017      3.8073e-01  6.7653e-02   5.6277 2.382e-08 ***      
                fesisIreland.2007       -3.3346e-01  6.3720e-02  -5.2331 2.038e-07 ***      
                fesisIreland.2018       -3.8764e-01  7.7595e-02  -4.9957 6.937e-07 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007        4.1268e-01  1.3957e-01   2.9567 0.0031841 **       
                fesisIceland.2009       -5.0662e-01  1.3696e-01  -3.6990 0.0002284 ***      
                fesisIceland.2018       -3.9781e-01  8.8134e-02  -4.5138 7.141e-06 ***      
                fesisJapan.2011          4.7799e-01  5.6510e-02   8.4586 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2014     -6.4408e-01  6.1591e-02 -10.4573 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2015         2.8032e-01  6.2477e-02   4.4868 8.085e-06 ***      
                fesisMalta.2015         -8.4677e-01  7.0544e-02 -12.0033 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisNorway.2003         3.0752e-01  9.1931e-02   3.3451 0.0008535 ***      
                fesisNewZealand.2009    -3.6248e-01  5.7189e-02  -6.3383 3.534e-10 ***      
                fesisPeru.2004           5.6992e-01  8.3993e-02   6.7853 1.999e-11 ***      
                fesisPeru.2010           5.2850e-01  6.6823e-02   7.9089 6.961e-15 ***      
                fesisUnitedStates.2012  -2.6459e-01  5.7285e-02  -4.6188 4.372e-06 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   263.20  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 188.04  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.12836      
                R-squared          0.99743      
                Log-lik.(n=1122) 781.32873      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                Full Sample (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 14:08:31 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 1122       
                Sample: 1 to 1122       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      5.1914e-01  2.2237e-01   2.3346 0.0197609 *        
                lpop                      3.9088e-01  6.6670e-02   5.8628 6.189e-09 ***      
                lgdp_sq                   2.2783e-03  3.9642e-03   0.5747 0.5656066          
                hdd                       1.7105e-04  1.8467e-05   9.2626 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                cdd                       6.5536e-05  4.5727e-05   1.4332 0.1521166          
                idAustralia              -8.1188e-01  6.3852e-02 -12.7151 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idAustria                -5.3663e-01  1.2096e-01  -4.4364 1.017e-05 ***      
                idBelgium                 3.3479e-01  1.0171e-01   3.2916 0.0010315 **       
                idBrazil                 -1.0538e+00  1.2023e-01  -8.7645 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria               -6.6680e-01  1.3098e-01  -5.0906 4.267e-07 ***      
                idCanada                  4.8694e-02  7.8952e-02   0.6168 0.5375340          
                idChile                  -9.6669e-01  7.8283e-02 -12.3486 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idChina                  -2.9488e-01  2.3280e-01  -1.2666 0.2055801          
                idColombia               -9.6005e-01  4.8977e-02 -19.6020 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica              -1.3342e+00  1.6374e-01  -8.1481 1.105e-15 ***      
                idCroatia                -3.1186e-02  1.5990e-01  -0.1950 0.8454020          
                idCzechRepublic           1.3541e-01  1.0790e-01   1.2550 0.2097757          
                idDenmark                -7.9349e-01  1.4428e-01  -5.4995 4.845e-08 ***      
                idEstonia                -9.1182e-01  2.4401e-01  -3.7368 0.0001970 ***      
                idFinland                -1.0331e+00  1.5669e-01  -6.5935 6.969e-11 ***      
                idFrance                 -2.0290e-01  6.7982e-02  -2.9846 0.0029086 **       
                idGermany                -1.0202e-01  8.3659e-02  -1.2194 0.2229741          
                idGreece                 -4.9744e-02  9.1099e-02  -0.5460 0.5851564          
                idHungary                 4.5925e-01  1.0641e-01   4.3160 1.748e-05 ***      
                idIceland                -2.6721e-01  3.3681e-01  -0.7934 0.4277561          
                idIndia                  -4.2566e-01  2.4166e-01  -1.7614 0.0784760 .        
                idIndonesia              -4.2687e-01  1.4795e-01  -2.8852 0.0039969 **       
                idIreland                 1.2661e-01  1.5587e-01   0.8123 0.4168055          
                idIsrael                 -7.1227e-01  1.2143e-01  -5.8659 6.081e-09 ***      
                idItaly                  -2.4466e-01  6.1745e-02  -3.9624 7.952e-05 ***      
                idJapan                  -3.3972e-01  9.2966e-02  -3.6542 0.0002715 ***      
                idLatvia                 -6.1431e-01  2.1105e-01  -2.9107 0.0036864 **       
                idLithuania              -1.0725e+00  1.8501e-01  -5.7972 9.054e-09 ***      
                idLuxembourg             -1.1244e-02  2.9177e-01  -0.0385 0.9692679          
                idMalta                  -1.3310e+00  3.1917e-01  -4.1703 3.308e-05 ***      
                idMexico                 -7.3589e-01  7.8565e-02  -9.3666 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands             8.9664e-02  8.2425e-02   1.0878 0.2769346          
                idNewZealand             -6.7430e-01  1.5047e-01  -4.4814 8.279e-06 ***      
                idNorway                 -1.5730e+00  1.6117e-01  -9.7600 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPeru                   -9.0232e-01  6.6199e-02 -13.6304 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  4.4795e-01  5.9349e-02   7.5478 9.999e-14 ***      
                idPortugal               -6.9517e-01  9.5521e-02  -7.2776 6.897e-13 ***      
                idRomania                -3.0567e-01  7.1165e-02  -4.2952 1.917e-05 ***      
                idRussia                  7.8865e-02  1.1298e-01   0.6981 0.4853061          
                idSaudiArabia            -1.9418e+00  1.3021e-01 -14.9131 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic          1.4694e-01  1.4854e-01   0.9892 0.3227922          
                idSlovenia                7.6436e-02  2.0780e-01   0.3678 0.7130708          
                idSouthAfrica             4.1437e-02  5.0806e-02   0.8156 0.4149301          
                idSouthKorea             -1.1836e-01  4.9575e-02  -2.3875 0.0171489 *        
                idSpain                  -5.0330e-01  4.2349e-02 -11.8847 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSweden                 -1.5759e+00  1.2390e-01 -12.7190 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -5.2940e-01  1.2826e-01  -4.1276 3.973e-05 ***      
                idTurkey                 -2.6571e-01  5.7576e-02  -4.6150 4.445e-06 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom          -2.4793e-01  7.5938e-02  -3.2649 0.0011324 **       
                idUnitedStates           -2.2226e-01  1.5413e-01  -1.4420 0.1496076          
                time2000                 -1.2162e+01  3.2755e+00  -3.7131 0.0002162 ***      
                time2001                 -1.2171e+01  3.2760e+00  -3.7151 0.0002144 ***      
                time2002                 -1.2176e+01  3.2766e+00  -3.7162 0.0002135 ***      
                time2003                 -1.2192e+01  3.2774e+00  -3.7200 0.0002104 ***      
                time2004                 -1.2199e+01  3.2779e+00  -3.7215 0.0002091 ***      
                time2005                 -1.2237e+01  3.2784e+00  -3.7327 0.0002002 ***      
                time2006                 -1.2283e+01  3.2792e+00  -3.7457 0.0001903 ***      
                time2007                 -1.2366e+01  3.2799e+00  -3.7701 0.0001728 ***      
                time2008                 -1.2376e+01  3.2803e+00  -3.7727 0.0001710 ***      
                time2009                 -1.2366e+01  3.2797e+00  -3.7704 0.0001726 ***      
                time2010                 -1.2405e+01  3.2800e+00  -3.7820 0.0001649 ***      
                time2011                 -1.2431e+01  3.2801e+00  -3.7897 0.0001599 ***      
                time2012                 -1.2474e+01  3.2805e+00  -3.8026 0.0001519 ***      
                time2013                 -1.2477e+01  3.2806e+00  -3.8032 0.0001516 ***      
                time2014                 -1.2507e+01  3.2811e+00  -3.8119 0.0001464 ***      
                time2015                 -1.2509e+01  3.2816e+00  -3.8118 0.0001464 ***      
                time2016                 -1.2530e+01  3.2820e+00  -3.8179 0.0001429 ***      
                time2017                 -1.2547e+01  3.2826e+00  -3.8223 0.0001404 ***      
                time2018                 -1.2576e+01  3.2832e+00  -3.8306 0.0001359 ***      
                time2019                 -1.2601e+01  3.2836e+00  -3.8377 0.0001321 ***      
                time2020                 -1.2642e+01  3.2830e+00  -3.8508 0.0001253 ***      
                time2021                 -1.2668e+01  3.2838e+00  -3.8578 0.0001218 ***      
                iis593                   -5.4137e-01  8.0707e-02  -6.7079 3.311e-11 ***      
                iis594                   -5.0130e-01  8.0394e-02  -6.2355 6.650e-10 ***      
                iis608                   -1.4786e+00  8.1107e-02 -18.2301 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis609                   -1.4100e+00  8.1237e-02 -17.3564 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis610                   -1.0090e+00  8.1307e-02 -12.4092 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis611                   -1.0405e+00  8.1523e-02 -12.7629 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis612                   -1.0318e+00  8.1488e-02 -12.6621 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis613                   -1.0511e+00  8.1722e-02 -12.8613 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis614                   -1.0625e+00  8.1760e-02 -12.9952 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis615                   -1.1204e+00  8.1993e-02 -13.6652 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis616                   -1.1099e+00  8.2331e-02 -13.4805 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis991                    4.0221e-01  8.2029e-02   4.9032 1.101e-06 ***      
                iis1035                   4.2608e-01  8.5395e-02   4.9895 7.143e-07 ***      
                iis1036                   3.2863e-01  8.5402e-02   3.8480 0.0001267 ***      
                iis1037                   3.1787e-01  8.5365e-02   3.7237 0.0002074 ***      
                iis1038                   3.0653e-01  8.5345e-02   3.5916 0.0003447 ***      
                iis1101                  -5.4367e-01  8.5602e-02  -6.3511 3.248e-10 ***      
                iis1102                  -2.9410e-01  8.5390e-02  -3.4442 0.0005967 ***      
                iis1111                  -5.3209e-01  8.2724e-02  -6.4321 1.953e-10 ***      
                iis1112                  -3.5371e-01  8.2609e-02  -4.2818 2.034e-05 ***      
                fesisArgentina.2007       3.0538e-01  3.5965e-02   8.4908 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisAustralia.2011       1.9967e-01  3.4020e-02   5.8692 5.963e-09 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2008       -2.1189e-01  3.6865e-02  -5.7478 1.202e-08 ***      
                fesisChile.2010           2.1028e-01  4.0727e-02   5.1631 2.934e-07 ***      
                fesisChile.2016           2.5233e-01  4.5065e-02   5.5991 2.787e-08 ***      
                fesisColombia.2011        3.4856e-01  3.4488e-02  10.1068 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2004      -3.4333e-01  4.5031e-02  -7.6241 5.731e-14 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2014        -2.1329e-01  3.4855e-02  -6.1194 1.350e-09 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2013         2.5465e-01  3.5287e-02   7.2164 1.059e-12 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013         -3.0606e-01  3.5914e-02  -8.5221 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2009      -4.3087e-01  3.7751e-02 -11.4134 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2018      -1.8958e-01  4.7048e-02  -4.0295 6.015e-05 ***      
                fesisIreland.2015        -3.0724e-01  3.7087e-02  -8.2845 3.812e-16 ***      
                fesisItaly.2008           1.8497e-01  3.5412e-02   5.2235 2.139e-07 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2006       1.6683e-01  5.1370e-02   3.2476 0.0012028 **       
                fesisLithuania.2010       1.4634e-01  4.6337e-02   3.1581 0.0016358 **       
                fesisLatvia.2010          2.1643e-01  3.6445e-02   5.9385 3.972e-09 ***      
                fesisMalta.2005           2.9134e-01  4.1794e-02   6.9707 5.742e-12 ***      
                fesisNorway.2015         -3.4525e-01  3.6127e-02  -9.5565 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisPeru.2004           -4.3198e-01  4.7339e-02  -9.1253 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisPeru.2013            1.9225e-01  3.7631e-02   5.1088 3.887e-07 ***      
                fesisRussia.2017          2.6869e-01  8.0312e-02   3.3456 0.0008519 ***      
                fesisRussia.2018          2.4588e-01  8.7083e-02   2.8236 0.0048443 **       
                fesisSaudiArabia.2007     1.4368e-01  3.9179e-02   3.6671 0.0002583 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2011 -2.1337e-01  3.5077e-02  -6.0828 1.684e-09 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2005       -2.7006e-01  4.4619e-02  -6.0526 2.018e-09 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2013       -3.3496e-01  3.8054e-02  -8.8020 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2009         -2.7163e-01  4.9450e-02  -5.4930 5.020e-08 ***      
                fesisSweden.2014         -2.2346e-01  4.4742e-02  -4.9943 6.974e-07 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2007          4.5976e-01  3.6863e-02  12.4721 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSouthAfrica.2007     3.9929e-01  4.4673e-02   8.9380 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSouthAfrica.2017     2.8911e-01  4.4750e-02   6.4606 1.631e-10 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   277.95  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 216.00  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.07707      
                R-squared           0.99847      
                Log-lik.(n=1122) 1348.18708      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                Full Sample (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 14:16:54 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 1122       
                Sample: 1 to 1122       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      2.0371e+00  1.4519e-01  14.0301 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lpop                     -1.4774e-01  4.4358e-02  -3.3306 0.0008987 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  -1.8211e-02  2.5944e-03  -7.0196 4.123e-12 ***      
                hdd                       2.5032e-05  1.1484e-05   2.1798 0.0295097 *        
                cdd                       6.6224e-05  2.8467e-05   2.3264 0.0202003 *        
                idAustralia              -2.3889e-01  3.5815e-02  -6.6702 4.241e-11 ***      
                idAustria                -5.0302e-01  7.7567e-02  -6.4850 1.398e-10 ***      
                idBelgium                -5.1253e-01  6.4773e-02  -7.9127 6.710e-15 ***      
                idBrazil                  2.4343e-01  7.5388e-02   3.2290 0.0012831 **       
                idBulgaria                7.0870e-01  9.0371e-02   7.8421 1.141e-14 ***      
                idCanada                  3.0587e-01  4.7353e-02   6.4593 1.646e-10 ***      
                idChile                   2.0271e-01  4.8275e-02   4.1991 2.921e-05 ***      
                idChina                   3.8902e-01  1.5389e-01   2.5280 0.0116270 *        
                idColombia                2.3077e-01  2.6123e-02   8.8340 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica               6.5688e-02  1.0847e-01   0.6056 0.5449322          
                idCroatia                 1.0105e-01  1.0808e-01   0.9349 0.3500577          
                idCzechRepublic           3.0119e-02  6.9845e-02   0.4312 0.6663960          
                idDenmark                -9.3334e-01  9.3621e-02  -9.9694 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                 8.8279e-02  1.6750e-01   0.5270 0.5982874          
                idFinland                -7.6589e-01  1.0130e-01  -7.5606 9.126e-14 ***      
                idFrance                 -3.8084e-01  4.2282e-02  -9.0072 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                -4.5522e-01  5.3443e-02  -8.5179 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGreece                 -1.6700e-01  6.0622e-02  -2.7548 0.0059810 **       
                idHungary                 7.2452e-02  7.0648e-02   1.0255 0.3053631          
                idIceland                -8.2930e-01  2.3003e-01  -3.6051 0.0003275 ***      
                idIndia                   5.2136e-01  1.5508e-01   3.3620 0.0008035 ***      
                idIndonesia               6.7081e-01  9.3178e-02   7.1992 1.196e-12 ***      
                idIreland                -6.4546e-01  1.0287e-01  -6.2743 5.241e-10 ***      
                idIsrael                 -4.6821e-01  8.1969e-02  -5.7120 1.475e-08 ***      
                idItaly                  -3.4591e-01  3.2444e-02 -10.6615 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idJapan                  -2.9242e-01  6.2217e-02  -4.7000 2.969e-06 ***      
                idLatvia                  3.0865e-01  1.4503e-01   2.1282 0.0335664 *        
                idLithuania               2.5543e-01  1.2719e-01   2.0083 0.0448772 *        
                idLuxembourg             -6.6691e-02  1.9997e-01  -0.3335 0.7388200          
                idMalta                  -4.1037e-01  2.2362e-01  -1.8352 0.0667810 .        
                idMexico                  4.0981e-01  5.0116e-02   8.1771 8.840e-16 ***      
                idNetherlands            -7.7931e-01  5.0831e-02 -15.3316 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             -1.6405e-01  1.0055e-01  -1.6315 0.1031060          
                idNorway                 -1.1135e+00  1.0380e-01 -10.7276 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPeru                    1.7541e-01  3.6370e-02   4.8231 1.635e-06 ***      
                idPoland                  3.2230e-02  3.9144e-02   0.8234 0.4104983          
                idPortugal               -7.8861e-02  6.3141e-02  -1.2490 0.2119740          
                idRomania                 6.9525e-02  4.4683e-02   1.5559 0.1200416          
                idRussia                  1.0249e+00  7.7243e-02  13.2680 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSaudiArabia             6.6027e-01  8.1980e-02   8.0540 2.286e-15 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         -1.5151e-02  1.0138e-01  -0.1494 0.8812352          
                idSlovenia                1.7468e-02  1.4165e-01   0.1233 0.9018811          
                idSouthAfrica             6.4588e-01  2.4115e-02  26.7839 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea             -3.7433e-02  3.1080e-02  -1.2044 0.2287242          
                idSpain                   1.3957e-02  2.6909e-02   0.5187 0.6041068          
                idSweden                 -8.0060e-01  7.7204e-02 -10.3700 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -1.3992e+00  8.2908e-02 -16.8761 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey                 -7.7520e-02  3.1553e-02  -2.4568 0.0141867 *        
                idUnitedKingdom          -6.1172e-01  4.7749e-02 -12.8111 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedStates            5.4721e-01  1.0139e-01   5.3972 8.472e-08 ***      
                time2000                 -2.8383e+01  2.2573e+00 -12.5737 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2001                 -2.8385e+01  2.2576e+00 -12.5728 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2002                 -2.8391e+01  2.2581e+00 -12.5729 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2003                 -2.8401e+01  2.2585e+00 -12.5751 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2004                 -2.8402e+01  2.2592e+00 -12.5715 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2005                 -2.8437e+01  2.2599e+00 -12.5833 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2006                 -2.8453e+01  2.2603e+00 -12.5878 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2007                 -2.8464e+01  2.2610e+00 -12.5892 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2008                 -2.8481e+01  2.2615e+00 -12.5940 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2009                 -2.8483e+01  2.2611e+00 -12.5966 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2010                 -2.8507e+01  2.2613e+00 -12.6065 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2011                 -2.8529e+01  2.2617e+00 -12.6137 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2012                 -2.8555e+01  2.2618e+00 -12.6246 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2013                 -2.8565e+01  2.2621e+00 -12.6278 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2014                 -2.8568e+01  2.2622e+00 -12.6284 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2015                 -2.8563e+01  2.2622e+00 -12.6262 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2016                 -2.8574e+01  2.2624e+00 -12.6297 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2017                 -2.8584e+01  2.2629e+00 -12.6317 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2018                 -2.8601e+01  2.2631e+00 -12.6378 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2019                 -2.8620e+01  2.2635e+00 -12.6440 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2020                 -2.8704e+01  2.2632e+00 -12.6831 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2021                 -2.8717e+01  2.2637e+00 -12.6857 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis566                   -3.3348e-01  5.0990e-02  -6.5400 9.836e-11 ***      
                iis567                   -2.8326e-01  5.0942e-02  -5.5605 3.460e-08 ***      
                iis568                   -3.8316e-01  5.1039e-02  -7.5071 1.345e-13 ***      
                iis569                   -4.4412e-01  5.1199e-02  -8.6743 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis570                   -4.7756e-01  5.1280e-02  -9.3128 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis571                   -6.1107e-01  5.1579e-02 -11.8472 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis572                   -7.1485e-01  5.1712e-02 -13.8238 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis710                    1.7623e-01  5.0850e-02   3.4657 0.0005514 ***      
                iis773                   -4.9136e-01  5.1150e-02  -9.6063 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis774                   -3.0655e-01  5.1393e-02  -5.9648 3.405e-09 ***      
                iis969                   -3.1958e-01  5.4498e-02  -5.8641 6.147e-09 ***      
                iis970                   -2.7575e-01  5.4312e-02  -5.0771 4.576e-07 ***      
                iis971                   -1.7717e-01  5.4232e-02  -3.2669 0.0011245 **       
                iis972                   -2.4547e-01  5.4104e-02  -4.5370 6.404e-06 ***      
                iis973                   -2.6848e-01  5.3976e-02  -4.9740 7.726e-07 ***      
                iis974                   -2.3777e-01  5.3943e-02  -4.4078 1.158e-05 ***      
                iis975                   -1.7523e-01  5.3823e-02  -3.2557 0.0011694 **       
                iis993                    1.6135e-01  5.3749e-02   3.0019 0.0027502 **       
                iis1006                  -2.2270e-01  5.0697e-02  -4.3927 1.240e-05 ***      
                fesisArgentina.2019       1.8668e-01  3.0765e-02   6.0678 1.843e-09 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2011          2.4936e-01  2.1264e-02  11.7268 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSwitzerland.2015    -1.4725e-01  2.2737e-02  -6.4764 1.477e-10 ***      
                fesisChile.2016           1.1928e-01  2.3917e-02   4.9871 7.234e-07 ***      
                fesisSpain.2009          -9.0346e-02  2.1672e-02  -4.1688 3.330e-05 ***      
                fesisGreece.2009          1.1727e-01  2.2725e-02   5.1604 2.976e-07 ***      
                fesisCroatia.2009         1.6826e-01  2.1854e-02   7.6991 3.308e-14 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2005      -1.2585e-01  2.9835e-02  -4.2182 2.688e-05 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2011       2.6394e-01  2.5543e-02  10.3332 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIndia.2008           2.6136e-01  2.3295e-02  11.2199 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2020        -2.3228e-01  3.7176e-02  -6.2481 6.160e-10 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2013         -1.2830e-01  2.2658e-02  -5.6623 1.956e-08 ***      
                fesisJapan.2012          -9.5554e-02  2.1572e-02  -4.4296 1.049e-05 ***      
                fesisSouthKorea.2007     -1.5713e-01  2.2783e-02  -6.8967 9.469e-12 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2015       1.0800e-01  2.4366e-02   4.4323 1.036e-05 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015     -2.0866e-01  2.4260e-02  -8.6010 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2011         -1.1639e-01  2.2650e-02  -5.1387 3.331e-07 ***      
                fesisMexico.2005          1.4630e-01  4.1117e-02   3.5581 0.0003913 ***      
                fesisMexico.2007          1.0323e-01  3.8109e-02   2.7088 0.0068698 **       
                fesisMexico.2017         -1.2292e-01  2.7077e-02  -4.5398 6.322e-06 ***      
                fesisMalta.2014          -1.8107e-01  2.5648e-02  -7.0599 3.132e-12 ***      
                fesisNorway.2017         -1.3846e-01  2.5245e-02  -5.4845 5.264e-08 ***      
                fesisPeru.2009            1.7706e-01  2.5538e-02   6.9335 7.395e-12 ***      
                fesisPeru.2016            1.2009e-01  2.7542e-02   4.3604 1.434e-05 ***      
                fesisPoland.2005          2.1620e-01  2.6335e-02   8.2097 6.857e-16 ***      
                fesisPoland.2017          1.7812e-01  2.6370e-02   6.7544 2.441e-11 ***      
                fesisRussia.2005         -9.2853e-02  2.5492e-02  -3.6425 0.0002840 ***      
                fesisSaudiArabia.2012     1.5324e-01  2.7888e-02   5.4947 4.975e-08 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2006 -8.0835e-02  2.6047e-02  -3.1035 0.0019670 **       
                fesisSlovenia.2008        2.1387e-01  2.1951e-02   9.7432 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2014         -2.7866e-01  2.2013e-02 -12.6588 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2015          2.2310e-01  2.3548e-02   9.4739 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisUnitedStates.2008   -6.4758e-02  2.2433e-02  -2.8867 0.0039772 **       
                fesisSouthAfrica.2010     7.7749e-02  2.4482e-02   3.1758 0.0015404 **       
                fesisSouthAfrica.2017     1.0148e-01  2.8974e-02   3.5025 0.0004814 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   226.20  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 147.92  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04855      
                R-squared           0.99919      
                Log-lik.(n=1122) 1867.71126      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                Full Sample (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 14:24:59 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 1117       
                Sample: 1 to 1117       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -2.8498e+00  3.0347e-01  -9.3907 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lpop                     4.1466e-01  7.4848e-02   5.5400 3.860e-08 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  6.6870e-02  5.6910e-03  11.7501 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                hdd                      2.8481e-05  2.1146e-05   1.3469 0.1783283          
                cdd                      2.0114e-05  5.2421e-05   0.3837 0.7012805          
                idAustralia              2.2487e-01  6.7070e-02   3.3528 0.0008298 ***      
                idAustria                1.2154e-01  1.3213e-01   0.9198 0.3578781          
                idBelgium                3.2430e-01  1.1075e-01   2.9281 0.0034872 **       
                idBrazil                -4.2372e-01  1.2282e-01  -3.4499 0.0005840 ***      
                idBulgaria               6.7983e-01  1.4094e-01   4.8234 1.629e-06 ***      
                idCanada                 5.8974e-01  8.9967e-02   6.5551 8.866e-11 ***      
                idChile                  1.6873e-01  7.7563e-02   2.1754 0.0298339 *        
                idChina                  3.7670e-01  2.4405e-01   1.5435 0.1230243          
                idColombia              -9.5213e-02  4.5969e-02  -2.0713 0.0385887 *        
                idCostaRica             -1.1974e+00  1.7102e-01  -7.0014 4.623e-12 ***      
                idCroatia                1.8245e-01  1.7418e-01   1.0475 0.2951238          
                idCzechRepublic          8.0388e-01  1.1835e-01   6.7923 1.884e-11 ***      
                idDenmark               -5.5214e-01  1.5730e-01  -3.5101 0.0004678 ***      
                idEstonia               -4.6429e-01  2.7004e-01  -1.7193 0.0858613 .        
                idFinland                2.1223e-01  1.7135e-01   1.2386 0.2158003          
                idFrance                -8.7516e-01  7.3175e-02 -11.9599 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany               -7.2733e-01  9.1494e-02  -7.9495 4.999e-15 ***      
                idGreece                -8.4290e-02  9.9898e-02  -0.8438 0.3990028          
                idHungary               -2.0353e-01  1.1280e-01  -1.8044 0.0714717 .        
                idIceland               -1.6917e-01  3.8089e-01  -0.4441 0.6570342          
                idIndia                 -1.3900e-01  2.5814e-01  -0.5385 0.5903789          
                idIndonesia              2.8080e-01  1.6004e-01   1.7545 0.0796480 .        
                idIreland               -4.6623e-01  1.7317e-01  -2.6924 0.0072122 **       
                idIsrael                -9.9780e-01  1.3838e-01  -7.2108 1.091e-12 ***      
                idItaly                 -6.3792e-01  5.9926e-02 -10.6452 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idJapan                 -4.3584e-01  9.5967e-02  -4.5415 6.260e-06 ***      
                idLatvia                -8.3801e-01  2.3698e-01  -3.5362 0.0004244 ***      
                idLithuania             -2.4446e-01  2.0306e-01  -1.2039 0.2289079          
                idLuxembourg            -3.6196e-01  3.2258e-01  -1.1221 0.2621002          
                idMalta                 -3.2225e+00  3.5989e-01  -8.9541 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idMexico                 1.2131e-01  7.8205e-02   1.5512 0.1211677          
                idNetherlands            1.5569e-02  9.0656e-02   0.1717 0.8636747          
                idNewZealand             6.1213e-02  1.6713e-01   0.3663 0.7142471          
                idNorway                 2.4370e-01  1.7884e-01   1.3627 0.1732798          
                idPeru                  -2.5037e-01  4.8918e-02  -5.1181 3.695e-07 ***      
                idPoland                 2.5853e-01  6.2515e-02   4.1355 3.838e-05 ***      
                idPortugal              -1.5816e-01  1.0225e-01  -1.5468 0.1222326          
                idRomania                6.9387e-01  7.5800e-02   9.1539 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRussia                 5.4266e-01  1.2428e-01   4.3664 1.394e-05 ***      
                idSaudiArabia            1.0125e+00  1.4843e-01   6.8213 1.554e-11 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         9.4833e-01  1.6009e-01   5.9239 4.311e-09 ***      
                idSlovenia              -2.3738e-01  2.2695e-01  -1.0459 0.2958374          
                idSouthAfrica            1.2910e+00  4.0381e-02  31.9710 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea             2.8132e-01  4.8641e-02   5.7837 9.748e-09 ***      
                idSpain                 -2.5759e-01  4.0063e-02  -6.4297 1.971e-10 ***      
                idSweden                -5.0597e-01  1.3264e-01  -3.8147 0.0001447 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -1.3111e+00  1.4246e-01  -9.2038 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey                 1.2952e-01  5.3020e-02   2.4428 0.0147433 *        
                idUnitedKingdom         -7.8648e-01  8.6425e-02  -9.1001 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedStates          -1.3204e+00  1.6642e-01  -7.9343 5.613e-15 ***      
                time2000                 3.1676e+01  4.4792e+00   7.0719 2.856e-12 ***      
                time2001                 3.1649e+01  4.4795e+00   7.0652 2.991e-12 ***      
                time2002                 3.1616e+01  4.4800e+00   7.0573 3.157e-12 ***      
                time2003                 3.1609e+01  4.4804e+00   7.0550 3.207e-12 ***      
                time2004                 3.1597e+01  4.4811e+00   7.0513 3.288e-12 ***      
                time2005                 3.1556e+01  4.4814e+00   7.0415 3.517e-12 ***      
                time2006                 3.1535e+01  4.4819e+00   7.0361 3.648e-12 ***      
                time2007                 3.1527e+01  4.4822e+00   7.0339 3.706e-12 ***      
                time2008                 3.1465e+01  4.4826e+00   7.0194 4.090e-12 ***      
                time2009                 3.1390e+01  4.4822e+00   7.0033 4.563e-12 ***      
                time2010                 3.1413e+01  4.4822e+00   7.0084 4.409e-12 ***      
                time2011                 3.1403e+01  4.4824e+00   7.0057 4.489e-12 ***      
                time2012                 3.1360e+01  4.4826e+00   6.9959 4.802e-12 ***      
                time2013                 3.1349e+01  4.4831e+00   6.9927 4.906e-12 ***      
                time2014                 3.1324e+01  4.4834e+00   6.9865 5.117e-12 ***      
                time2015                 3.1292e+01  4.4837e+00   6.9790 5.386e-12 ***      
                time2016                 3.1251e+01  4.4840e+00   6.9694 5.748e-12 ***      
                time2017                 3.1237e+01  4.4843e+00   6.9657 5.891e-12 ***      
                time2018                 3.1229e+01  4.4843e+00   6.9640 5.961e-12 ***      
                time2019                 3.1199e+01  4.4846e+00   6.9570 6.249e-12 ***      
                time2020                 3.1146e+01  4.4847e+00   6.9450 6.780e-12 ***      
                time2021                 3.1144e+01  4.4850e+00   6.9440 6.824e-12 ***      
                iis589                  -1.2986e+00  9.5582e-02 -13.5867 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis590                  -1.3870e+00  9.5615e-02 -14.5061 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis591                  -1.6644e+00  9.5913e-02 -17.3528 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis592                  -2.0291e+00  9.6007e-02 -21.1348 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis593                  -2.3881e+00  9.6328e-02 -24.7910 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis594                  -2.3812e+00  9.6037e-02 -24.7947 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis599                  -2.8545e-01  9.5949e-02  -2.9750 0.0029994 **       
                iis600                  -2.8457e-01  9.6129e-02  -2.9603 0.0031452 **       
                iis777                  -6.4533e-01  9.6814e-02  -6.6657 4.333e-11 ***      
                iis1096                 -8.1720e-01  9.3026e-02  -8.7846 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2009      -6.3456e-01  4.6651e-02 -13.6023 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBulgaria.2016       3.5809e-01  5.0717e-02   7.0606 3.085e-12 ***      
                fesisCanada.2011         2.2555e-01  3.9034e-02   5.7783 1.006e-08 ***      
                fesisChina.2013         -3.0325e-01  5.5132e-02  -5.5004 4.805e-08 ***      
                fesisCzechRepublic.2007 -2.5140e-01  4.1645e-02  -6.0367 2.209e-09 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2011 -2.7833e-01  3.9051e-02  -7.1272 1.951e-12 ***      
                fesisHungary.2014        3.8424e-01  4.0724e-02   9.4353 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIndia.2008          3.1363e-01  4.3522e-02   7.2062 1.127e-12 ***      
                fesisIreland.2009       -3.1808e-01  4.0084e-02  -7.9354 5.566e-15 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007       -2.6001e-01  4.6576e-02  -5.5824 3.049e-08 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2010         4.4094e-01  9.7169e-02   4.5379 6.367e-06 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2011        -7.3615e-01  1.1178e-01  -6.5857 7.278e-11 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2013         6.7981e-01  7.0988e-02   9.5765 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisItaly.2013         -2.4107e-01  4.0161e-02  -6.0027 2.706e-09 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2005      3.0869e-01  4.9734e-02   6.2068 7.892e-10 ***      
                fesisMalta.2013          7.1019e-01  5.4917e-02  12.9320 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisMalta.2018         -4.2417e-01  6.2038e-02  -6.8372 1.398e-11 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010         2.4450e-01  3.9335e-02   6.2157 7.471e-10 ***      
                fesisNewZealand.2013     2.1403e-01  3.9885e-02   5.3664 9.971e-08 ***      
                fesisRomania.2009       -4.0182e-01  4.1233e-02  -9.7451 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisRussia.2014         3.8143e-01  4.0767e-02   9.3562 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSaudiArabia.2008    2.8058e-01  4.3596e-02   6.4359 1.896e-10 ***      
                fesisSweden.2018        -3.3173e-01  5.0218e-02  -6.6057 6.396e-11 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   360.89  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 126.61  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.08954      
                R-squared           0.99819      
                Log-lik.(n=1117) 1165.43872      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                Full Sample (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 14:35:47 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 1122       
                Sample: 1 to 1122       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     -9.9160e-01  1.8383e-01  -5.3940 8.607e-08 ***      
                lpop                      5.4307e-01  4.5473e-02  11.9429 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lgdp_sq                   3.4212e-02  3.3855e-03  10.1056 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                hdd                       6.6898e-05  1.1431e-05   5.8525 6.564e-09 ***      
                cdd                       1.5020e-04  2.8198e-05   5.3265 1.237e-07 ***      
                idAustralia               5.0152e-01  3.8662e-02  12.9722 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idAustria                 2.8402e-01  7.8195e-02   3.6322 0.0002953 ***      
                idBelgium                 4.7948e-01  6.5360e-02   7.3361 4.548e-13 ***      
                idBrazil                 -1.0801e+00  7.4510e-02 -14.4961 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBulgaria                1.5384e+00  8.8863e-02  17.3122 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCanada                  3.6897e-01  4.8305e-02   7.6383 5.144e-14 ***      
                idChile                   3.5816e-01  4.8692e-02   7.3557 3.958e-13 ***      
                idChina                  -5.3480e-01  1.5187e-01  -3.5215 0.0004485 ***      
                idColombia               -3.0949e-01  2.6974e-02 -11.4739 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica              -1.8019e-01  1.1224e-01  -1.6055 0.1087111          
                idCroatia                 9.4437e-01  1.0841e-01   8.7111 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic           1.3450e+00  7.0166e-02  19.1682 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idDenmark                 3.4809e-01  9.4552e-02   3.6815 0.0002443 ***      
                idEstonia                 1.9330e+00  1.6676e-01  11.5916 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFinland                 6.3329e-01  1.0210e-01   6.2026 8.122e-10 ***      
                idFrance                 -8.0418e-01  4.2823e-02 -18.7793 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                -4.6879e-01  5.3552e-02  -8.7541 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGreece                  7.2513e-01  6.1045e-02  11.8787 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idHungary                 7.8384e-01  6.9595e-02  11.2629 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland                 1.1111e+00  2.3422e-01   4.7438 2.403e-06 ***      
                idIndia                  -8.2655e-01  1.5612e-01  -5.2945 1.468e-07 ***      
                idIndonesia              -4.5926e-01  9.3796e-02  -4.8964 1.138e-06 ***      
                idIreland                 6.6743e-01  1.0449e-01   6.3875 2.581e-10 ***      
                idIsrael                  6.0768e-01  8.1547e-02   7.4519 1.991e-13 ***      
                idItaly                  -4.6471e-01  3.3177e-02 -14.0070 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idJapan                  -6.8966e-01  6.1737e-02 -11.1709 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idLatvia                  7.3464e-01  1.4412e-01   5.0975 4.117e-07 ***      
                idLithuania               7.8053e-01  1.2518e-01   6.2354 6.644e-10 ***      
                idLuxembourg              1.4117e+00  2.0132e-01   7.0123 4.315e-12 ***      
                idMalta                   1.1830e+00  2.2649e-01   5.2233 2.140e-07 ***      
                idMexico                 -1.6168e-01  4.8913e-02  -3.3054 0.0009822 ***      
                idNetherlands             2.4526e-01  5.2091e-02   4.7083 2.851e-06 ***      
                idNewZealand              7.2102e-01  9.9975e-02   7.2120 1.088e-12 ***      
                idNorway                  3.5435e-02  1.0596e-01   0.3344 0.7381282          
                idPeru                   -2.9183e-01  3.6113e-02  -8.0811 1.844e-15 ***      
                idPoland                  8.5921e-01  3.4432e-02  24.9541 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal                4.8435e-01  6.2312e-02   7.7730 1.901e-14 ***      
                idRomania                 8.1152e-01  4.4961e-02  18.0492 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idRussia                  8.7089e-01  7.8108e-02  11.1499 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSaudiArabia             7.0106e-01  8.0387e-02   8.7210 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic          1.2465e+00  9.9690e-02  12.5033 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovenia                1.2570e+00  1.4045e-01   8.9496 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthAfrica             1.3440e+00  2.4231e-02  55.4648 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSouthKorea              3.1252e-01  2.8305e-02  11.0410 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                  -9.7509e-02  2.7683e-02  -3.5223 0.0004472 ***      
                idSweden                 -2.0123e-01  7.8857e-02  -2.5519 0.0108632 *        
                idSwitzerland            -6.7396e-01  8.3636e-02  -8.0582 2.200e-15 ***      
                idTurkey                 -1.5750e-02  3.3828e-02  -0.4656 0.6416188          
                idUnitedKingdom          -5.8947e-01  4.8977e-02 -12.0356 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedStates           -9.8942e-01  1.0111e-01  -9.7859 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2000                  4.3853e+00  2.7414e+00   1.5997 0.1099882          
                time2001                  4.3750e+00  2.7416e+00   1.5958 0.1108578          
                time2002                  4.3614e+00  2.7420e+00   1.5906 0.1120241          
                time2003                  4.3527e+00  2.7424e+00   1.5872 0.1127835          
                time2004                  4.3465e+00  2.7430e+00   1.5846 0.1133815          
                time2005                  4.3086e+00  2.7433e+00   1.5706 0.1166001          
                time2006                  4.2810e+00  2.7436e+00   1.5603 0.1189954          
                time2007                  4.2689e+00  2.7440e+00   1.5557 0.1200901          
                time2008                  4.2459e+00  2.7441e+00   1.5473 0.1221116          
                time2009                  4.2044e+00  2.7436e+00   1.5325 0.1257262          
                time2010                  4.1885e+00  2.7436e+00   1.5267 0.1271590          
                time2011                  4.1711e+00  2.7440e+00   1.5201 0.1288073          
                time2012                  4.1374e+00  2.7441e+00   1.5077 0.1319405          
                time2013                  4.1147e+00  2.7442e+00   1.4994 0.1340908          
                time2014                  4.0977e+00  2.7445e+00   1.4931 0.1357355          
                time2015                  4.0721e+00  2.7447e+00   1.4836 0.1382291          
                time2016                  4.0456e+00  2.7450e+00   1.4738 0.1408523          
                time2017                  4.0286e+00  2.7453e+00   1.4675 0.1425675          
                time2018                  3.9903e+00  2.7455e+00   1.4534 0.1464241          
                time2019                  3.9550e+00  2.7457e+00   1.4404 0.1500630          
                time2020                  3.9003e+00  2.7457e+00   1.4205 0.1557631          
                time2021                  3.8869e+00  2.7459e+00   1.4155 0.1572337          
                iis328                   -1.4170e-01  5.1622e-02  -2.7450 0.0061601 **       
                iis329                   -2.2970e-01  5.1656e-02  -4.4467 9.699e-06 ***      
                iis330                   -2.3143e-01  5.1626e-02  -4.4828 8.221e-06 ***      
                iis571                   -2.0944e-01  5.3011e-02  -3.9508 8.336e-05 ***      
                iis572                   -2.4465e-01  5.3123e-02  -4.6055 4.647e-06 ***      
                iis786                   -5.1139e-01  5.1385e-02  -9.9522 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis787                   -6.8743e-01  5.1602e-02 -13.3217 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis788                   -6.4999e-01  5.2205e-02 -12.4507 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis789                   -6.3965e-01  5.2756e-02 -12.1248 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis790                   -6.1179e-01  5.3355e-02 -11.4663 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis791                   -5.6300e-01  5.2864e-02 -10.6500 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis792                   -5.5014e-01  5.3495e-02 -10.2838 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisArgentina.2014       1.8412e-01  2.1674e-02   8.4951 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisBrazil.2012          2.0454e-01  2.1047e-02   9.7185 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisChile.2011           2.3352e-01  2.1228e-02  11.0007 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisChina.2015          -1.8804e-01  3.0392e-02  -6.1871 8.932e-10 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2006       1.3662e-01  2.4939e-02   5.4781 5.442e-08 ***      
                fesisCzechRepublic.2008  -1.3421e-01  2.1638e-02  -6.2027 8.120e-10 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2012        -2.3830e-01  2.3182e-02 -10.2796 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSpain.2009          -1.2539e-01  2.1297e-02  -5.8876 5.348e-09 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2010         2.2261e-01  2.2918e-02   9.7134 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2019        -3.0135e-01  3.2553e-02  -9.2573 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisFinland.2012        -1.3742e-01  2.1010e-02  -6.5407 9.762e-11 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2014  -2.5223e-01  2.1708e-02 -11.6194 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIndonesia.2018       1.1485e-01  2.7460e-02   4.1825 3.137e-05 ***      
                fesisIndia.2011           1.3576e-01  2.2902e-02   5.9277 4.228e-09 ***      
                fesisIreland.2009        -1.5930e-01  2.5830e-02  -6.1674 1.007e-09 ***      
                fesisIreland.2015        -2.2820e-01  2.9881e-02  -7.6368 5.203e-14 ***      
                fesisIceland.2008         1.1447e-01  2.2770e-02   5.0271 5.900e-07 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2014         -2.2182e-01  2.2690e-02  -9.7759 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisJapan.2011           1.6497e-01  2.1158e-02   7.7971 1.588e-14 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2007       1.0658e-01  2.6394e-02   4.0380 5.803e-05 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2015       8.3340e-02  2.5822e-02   3.2275 0.0012896 **       
                fesisLuxembourg.2013     -1.9140e-01  2.2770e-02  -8.4058 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2010          1.5389e-01  2.2675e-02   6.7868 1.963e-11 ***      
                fesisMalta.2005           9.1048e-02  2.7028e-02   3.3686 0.0007844 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010          1.0129e-01  2.1091e-02   4.8027 1.805e-06 ***      
                fesisPeru.2009            2.8050e-01  2.2508e-02  12.4623 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisRomania.2009        -2.1320e-01  2.2396e-02  -9.5198 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisRussia.2004         -1.2573e-01  2.7817e-02  -4.5200 6.926e-06 ***      
                fesisRussia.2019          2.0848e-01  3.0750e-02   6.7798 2.056e-11 ***      
                fesisSaudiArabia.2009     2.6468e-01  2.3549e-02  11.2394 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2007 -1.7805e-01  2.3280e-02  -7.6479 4.794e-14 ***      
                fesisSweden.2007         -1.3116e-01  2.5890e-02  -5.0661 4.837e-07 ***      
                fesisSweden.2014         -1.2922e-01  2.5187e-02  -5.1305 3.471e-07 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2009          1.3265e-01  2.2089e-02   6.0050 2.676e-09 ***      
                fesisUnitedStates.2011   -1.3602e-01  2.1388e-02  -6.3597 3.073e-10 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   288.58  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 157.38  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04778      
                R-squared           0.99934      
                Log-lik.(n=1122) 1882.07806      

OECD

Power Industry Emissions

                Formula: log_power_industry_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                OECD (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Wed Feb  8 23:54:26 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 836       
                Sample: 1 to 836       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -8.8120e+00  7.2801e-01 -12.1043 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                lpop                    -5.9860e-02  1.4686e-01  -0.4076 0.6836954          
                lgdp_sq                  1.8127e-01  1.4091e-02  12.8638 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                hdd                      8.5212e-05  3.3720e-05   2.5271 0.0117140 *        
                cdd                      3.1150e-04  9.6691e-05   3.2216 0.0013317 **       
                idAustria               -1.4282e+00  1.5578e-01  -9.1681 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBelgium               -1.1616e+00  1.2059e-01  -9.6326 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCanada                -5.9107e-01  1.4277e-01  -4.1401 3.880e-05 ***      
                idChile                 -8.5556e-01  1.3265e-01  -6.4498 2.046e-10 ***      
                idColombia              -1.8243e+00  1.9680e-01  -9.2695 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica             -5.4717e+00  2.7191e-01 -20.1230 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          4.9343e-01  1.5168e-01   3.2531 0.0011944 **       
                idDenmark               -8.7777e-01  1.9943e-01  -4.4013 1.238e-05 ***      
                idEstonia               -9.3146e-01  4.2338e-01  -2.2001 0.0281164 *        
                idFinland               -7.3969e-01  2.2516e-01  -3.2851 0.0010684 **       
                idFrance                -2.2963e+00  1.5337e-01 -14.9721 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany               -8.4103e-01  1.8620e-01  -4.5167 7.329e-06 ***      
                idGreece                -1.7363e-01  1.2135e-01  -1.4308 0.1529191          
                idHungary               -6.9160e-01  1.5409e-01  -4.4884 8.344e-06 ***      
                idIceland               -8.8956e+00  6.3618e-01 -13.9829 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIreland               -1.2039e+00  2.2148e-01  -5.4356 7.468e-08 ***      
                idIsrael                -3.7743e-01  1.6700e-01  -2.2601 0.0241116 *        
                idItaly                 -1.0435e+00  1.3473e-01  -7.7449 3.226e-14 ***      
                idJapan                 -1.1716e+00  2.2469e-01  -5.2143 2.410e-07 ***      
                idLatvia                -2.6299e+00  3.5960e-01  -7.3132 6.921e-13 ***      
                idLithuania             -2.1467e+00  3.0225e-01  -7.1024 2.933e-12 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -4.3823e+00  5.4888e-01  -7.9840 5.554e-15 ***      
                idMexico                -2.1878e-01  2.5185e-01  -0.8687 0.3853130          
                idNetherlands           -6.2614e-01  9.0456e-02  -6.9221 9.808e-12 ***      
                idNewZealand            -1.4739e+00  2.1762e-01  -6.7728 2.612e-11 ***      
                idNorway                -4.6267e+00  2.3380e-01 -19.7897 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                 9.2406e-01  1.6362e-01   5.6477 2.336e-08 ***      
                idPortugal              -6.5973e-01  1.2311e-01  -5.3587 1.127e-07 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic        -1.1756e+00  2.2152e-01  -5.3070 1.482e-07 ***      
                idSlovenia              -1.5110e+00  3.3955e-01  -4.4500 9.937e-06 ***      
                idSouthKorea             1.1855e-01  1.3128e-01   0.9030 0.3668332          
                idSpain                 -8.2686e-01  1.1248e-01  -7.3514 5.309e-13 ***      
                idSweden                -2.1108e+00  1.5575e-01 -13.5521 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -3.6195e+00  1.6696e-01 -21.6792 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey                -2.8034e-02  2.0735e-01  -0.1352 0.8924922          
                idUnitedKingdom         -1.1516e+00  1.5949e-01  -7.2207 1.310e-12 ***      
                idUnitedStates          -1.9307e+00  3.3282e-01  -5.8010 9.846e-09 ***      
                time2000                 1.1802e+02  1.0694e+01  11.0367 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2001                 1.1803e+02  1.0694e+01  11.0362 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2002                 1.1802e+02  1.0695e+01  11.0359 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2003                 1.1804e+02  1.0696e+01  11.0359 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2004                 1.1802e+02  1.0696e+01  11.0347 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2005                 1.1802e+02  1.0697e+01  11.0327 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2006                 1.1800e+02  1.0697e+01  11.0305 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2007                 1.1799e+02  1.0697e+01  11.0304 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2008                 1.1793e+02  1.0697e+01  11.0239 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2009                 1.1791e+02  1.0698e+01  11.0213 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2010                 1.1790e+02  1.0698e+01  11.0201 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2011                 1.1786e+02  1.0698e+01  11.0171 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2012                 1.1783e+02  1.0698e+01  11.0139 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2013                 1.1776e+02  1.0698e+01  11.0075 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2014                 1.1771e+02  1.0698e+01  11.0032 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2015                 1.1767e+02  1.0697e+01  11.0004 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2016                 1.1764e+02  1.0698e+01  10.9972 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2017                 1.1760e+02  1.0698e+01  10.9933 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2018                 1.1753e+02  1.0698e+01  10.9868 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2019                 1.1744e+02  1.0698e+01  10.9777 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2020                 1.1738e+02  1.0699e+01  10.9706 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                time2021                 1.1735e+02  1.0699e+01  10.9687 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis155                  -7.7620e-01  1.4840e-01  -5.2306 2.214e-07 ***      
                iis159                  -7.3987e-01  1.4798e-01  -4.9997 7.208e-07 ***      
                iis161                   1.3996e+00  1.4161e-01   9.8838 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis162                   1.7038e+00  1.4060e-01  12.1180 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis163                   1.7186e+00  1.4055e-01  12.2275 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis164                   1.2101e+00  1.3986e-01   8.6525 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis165                   1.5771e+00  1.3999e-01  11.2659 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis166                   1.8043e+00  1.3934e-01  12.9493 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis167                   1.6871e+00  1.3923e-01  12.1173 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis168                   2.1278e+00  1.3869e-01  15.3424 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis169                   2.0579e+00  1.3843e-01  14.8661 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis172                  -1.1530e+00  1.3810e-01  -8.3486 3.494e-16 ***      
                iis426                   4.8965e-01  1.8083e-01   2.7079 0.0069314 **       
                iis437                  -6.5275e-01  1.4773e-01  -4.4185 1.146e-05 ***      
                iis551                  -5.3523e-01  1.8080e-01  -2.9603 0.0031734 **       
                iis648                   1.0534e+00  1.3486e-01   7.8109 1.994e-14 ***      
                iis649                   1.5638e+00  1.3654e-01  11.4527 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis650                   1.4712e+00  1.3498e-01  10.8990 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis651                   1.0494e+00  1.3524e-01   7.7598 2.895e-14 ***      
                iis652                   1.1323e+00  1.3516e-01   8.3774 2.795e-16 ***      
                iis653                   1.2223e+00  1.3527e-01   9.0358 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis654                   1.3045e+00  1.3545e-01   9.6312 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis655                   1.3101e+00  1.3544e-01   9.6729 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis656                   1.3843e+00  1.3548e-01  10.2176 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis657                   1.4070e+00  1.3553e-01  10.3814 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis658                   1.4504e+00  1.3571e-01  10.6870 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis659                   1.5345e+00  1.3560e-01  11.3167 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis660                   1.4843e+00  1.3551e-01  10.9534 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisCanada.2005        -3.6989e-01  6.6395e-02  -5.5710 3.571e-08 ***      
                fesisChile.2008          6.1518e-01  6.6998e-02   9.1822 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisChile.2015          3.8738e-01  6.8830e-02   5.6281 2.605e-08 ***      
                fesisColombia.2013       7.0423e-01  5.8827e-02  11.9712 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2005      5.5754e-01  1.4806e-01   3.7657 0.0001796 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2006     -6.4355e-01  1.4239e-01  -4.5198 7.227e-06 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2012       -5.6115e-01  5.5304e-02 -10.1466 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2015 -6.1779e-01  5.9386e-02 -10.4029 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007        6.8217e-01  1.3882e-01   4.9139 1.105e-06 ***      
                fesisIceland.2009       -9.1481e-01  1.4349e-01  -6.3752 3.250e-10 ***      
                fesisIceland.2013        7.1833e-01  8.6924e-02   8.2638 6.703e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2018       -4.5139e-01  9.5211e-02  -4.7410 2.561e-06 ***      
                fesisJapan.2012          4.1367e-01  5.6200e-02   7.3606 4.977e-13 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2014     -4.7263e-01  8.4669e-02  -5.5821 3.359e-08 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2017     -3.4500e-01  9.3861e-02  -3.6756 0.0002548 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2002     1.1019e+00  1.3362e-01   8.2464 7.662e-16 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015    -1.0444e+00  6.6798e-02 -15.6353 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2015         2.2630e-01  6.4032e-02   3.5342 0.0004350 ***      
                fesisUnitedStates.2005  -3.7950e-01  6.9427e-02  -5.4662 6.330e-08 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   216.07  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 167.54  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.12608      
                R-squared          0.99751      
                Log-lik.(n=836)  600.46440      

Buildings Emissions

                Formula: log_buildings_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                OECD (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:05:38 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 836       
                Sample: 1 to 836       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                     -1.0935e+00  3.9588e-01  -2.7621 0.0058865 **       
                lpop                     -2.3065e-01  8.1093e-02  -2.8443 0.0045755 **       
                lgdp_sq                   3.6471e-02  7.7905e-03   4.6814 3.396e-06 ***      
                hdd                       1.8766e-04  1.8972e-05   9.8911 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                cdd                       7.8076e-05  5.6467e-05   1.3827 0.1671816          
                idAustria                -5.2059e-02  9.8181e-02  -0.5302 0.5961079          
                idBelgium                 9.5607e-01  7.7870e-02  12.2778 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCanada                  9.7783e-01  7.7652e-02  12.5925 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idChile                   7.5528e-02  9.8508e-02   0.7667 0.4434983          
                idColombia                6.8467e-01  1.2605e-01   5.4316 7.612e-08 ***      
                idCostaRica              -9.8195e-01  1.8587e-01  -5.2830 1.679e-07 ***      
                idCzechRepublic           8.9066e-01  1.0908e-01   8.1656 1.402e-15 ***      
                idDenmark                -5.9560e-01  1.2354e-01  -4.8213 1.736e-06 ***      
                idEstonia                -1.2774e+00  2.6842e-01  -4.7589 2.347e-06 ***      
                idFinland                -7.6117e-01  1.4043e-01  -5.4204 8.083e-08 ***      
                idFrance                  1.0613e+00  9.7181e-02  10.9204 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                 1.1936e+00  1.2059e-01   9.8975 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGreece                  6.9136e-01  8.6032e-02   8.0360 3.724e-15 ***      
                idHungary                 1.2442e+00  1.1744e-01  10.5945 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIceland                -1.5335e+00  3.7025e-01  -4.1417 3.850e-05 ***      
                idIreland                 3.0420e-01  1.4163e-01   2.1479 0.0320466 *        
                idIsrael                 -1.6091e+00  1.1468e-01 -14.0320 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                   1.0536e+00  8.6053e-02  12.2438 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idJapan                   1.1264e+00  1.4504e-01   7.7662 2.738e-14 ***      
                idLatvia                 -5.7306e-01  2.3718e-01  -2.4161 0.0159312 *        
                idLithuania              -8.5681e-01  2.0520e-01  -4.1755 3.332e-05 ***      
                idLuxembourg             -1.0364e+00  3.1026e-01  -3.3403 0.0008795 ***      
                idMexico                  1.1423e+00  1.4372e-01   7.9483 7.163e-15 ***      
                idNetherlands             8.4714e-01  5.5017e-02  15.3977 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             -4.1607e-01  1.4220e-01  -2.9259 0.0035411 **       
                idNorway                 -1.4572e+00  1.3845e-01 -10.5247 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  1.8444e+00  9.6369e-02  19.1392 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal                6.2357e-02  9.3696e-02   0.6655 0.5059249          
                idSlovakRepublic          7.2316e-01  1.6760e-01   4.3148 1.817e-05 ***      
                idSlovenia               -6.9581e-02  2.2094e-01  -0.3149 0.7529028          
                idSouthKorea              1.3116e+00  8.1540e-02  16.0852 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSpain                   5.7497e-01  7.1031e-02   8.0946 2.397e-15 ***      
                idSweden                 -8.6725e-01  1.0070e-01  -8.6118 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -2.1601e-01  9.7450e-02  -2.2166 0.0269568 *        
                idTurkey                  1.4785e+00  1.2112e-01  12.2062 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom           9.4007e-01  1.0365e-01   9.0699 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedStates            1.2123e+00  2.3980e-01   5.0556 5.429e-07 ***      
                time2000                  1.5931e+01  5.6450e+00   2.8222 0.0048991 **       
                time2001                  1.5923e+01  5.6455e+00   2.8205 0.0049248 **       
                time2002                  1.5920e+01  5.6458e+00   2.8199 0.0049342 **       
                time2003                  1.5902e+01  5.6463e+00   2.8163 0.0049888 **       
                time2004                  1.5868e+01  5.6457e+00   2.8106 0.0050774 **       
                time2005                  1.5833e+01  5.6461e+00   2.8042 0.0051784 **       
                time2006                  1.5798e+01  5.6463e+00   2.7979 0.0052791 **       
                time2007                  1.5727e+01  5.6463e+00   2.7853 0.0054855 **       
                time2008                  1.5727e+01  5.6467e+00   2.7852 0.0054885 **       
                time2009                  1.5735e+01  5.6471e+00   2.7863 0.0054698 **       
                time2010                  1.5689e+01  5.6470e+00   2.7783 0.0056038 **       
                time2011                  1.5679e+01  5.6467e+00   2.7767 0.0056316 **       
                time2012                  1.5611e+01  5.6468e+00   2.7646 0.0058424 **       
                time2013                  1.5597e+01  5.6464e+00   2.7622 0.0058850 **       
                time2014                  1.5553e+01  5.6463e+00   2.7545 0.0060238 **       
                time2015                  1.5546e+01  5.6460e+00   2.7534 0.0060443 **       
                time2016                  1.5524e+01  5.6460e+00   2.7495 0.0061154 **       
                time2017                  1.5503e+01  5.6459e+00   2.7459 0.0061837 **       
                time2018                  1.5472e+01  5.6463e+00   2.7402 0.0062904 **       
                time2019                  1.5447e+01  5.6463e+00   2.7357 0.0063760 **       
                time2020                  1.5415e+01  5.6467e+00   2.7298 0.0064892 **       
                time2021                  1.5366e+01  5.6460e+00   2.7215 0.0066526 **       
                iis441                    1.2468e+00  8.9662e-02  13.9052 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis442                    1.3410e+00  8.9545e-02  14.9760 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis443                    1.2492e+00  8.9526e-02  13.9540 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis444                    1.4360e+00  8.9435e-02  16.0560 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis445                    1.5415e+00  8.9256e-02  17.2702 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis446                    1.3272e+00  8.9382e-02  14.8483 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis447                    1.4414e+00  8.9322e-02  16.1374 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis448                    1.4282e+00  8.8935e-02  16.0595 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis449                    1.1101e+00  8.8819e-02  12.4988 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis450                    1.5325e+00  8.8497e-02  17.3175 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis451                    1.5088e+00  8.9870e-02  16.7882 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis452                    1.4836e+00  8.8340e-02  16.7936 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis453                    1.3569e+00  8.8428e-02  15.3448 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis727                    2.9869e-01  8.8226e-02   3.3855 0.0007484 ***      
                iis771                    2.1364e-01  7.9029e-02   2.7033 0.0070250 **       
                fesisAustralia.2012       2.4707e-01  3.2871e-02   7.5163 1.651e-13 ***      
                fesisCanada.2014          1.9344e-01  3.2938e-02   5.8726 6.510e-09 ***      
                fesisChile.2010           2.1638e-01  3.8498e-02   5.6206 2.708e-08 ***      
                fesisChile.2016           3.0527e-01  4.1812e-02   7.3010 7.475e-13 ***      
                fesisColombia.2012        3.7720e-01  3.4151e-02  11.0450 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2004      -3.4280e-01  4.4991e-02  -7.6192 7.922e-14 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2013       1.6555e-01  3.6784e-02   4.5007 7.878e-06 ***      
                fesisSpain.2004           1.4068e-01  4.6739e-02   3.0098 0.0027043 **       
                fesisSpain.2010           1.2815e-01  3.6509e-02   3.5102 0.0004752 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2013         2.7816e-01  3.3305e-02   8.3518 3.364e-16 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013         -2.4926e-01  3.5583e-02  -7.0050 5.612e-12 ***      
                fesisIreland.2015        -2.9420e-01  3.7234e-02  -7.9015 1.014e-14 ***      
                fesisIceland.2020        -3.9185e-01  5.5898e-02  -7.0101 5.424e-12 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2015          4.2192e-01  5.8445e-02   7.2190 1.316e-12 ***      
                fesisItaly.2012           2.1591e-01  3.2892e-02   6.5641 9.922e-11 ***      
                fesisSouthKorea.2008     -2.2581e-01  3.5663e-02  -6.3317 4.230e-10 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2006       1.8706e-01  3.9446e-02   4.7422 2.542e-06 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015      1.7904e-01  3.7485e-02   4.7763 2.158e-06 ***      
                fesisNorway.2015         -2.6858e-01  3.3756e-02  -7.9567 6.733e-15 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2003 -1.5991e-01  5.7429e-02  -2.7844 0.0055006 **       
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2011 -1.7846e-01  3.4520e-02  -5.1697 3.030e-07 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2006       -2.4269e-01  4.1898e-02  -5.7923 1.031e-08 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2012       -2.7093e-01  3.7539e-02  -7.2172 1.331e-12 ***      
                fesisSweden.2006         -4.2990e-01  4.0234e-02 -10.6850 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2015         -2.6007e-01  3.6710e-02  -7.0846 3.286e-12 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2008          4.2393e-01  3.7329e-02  11.3566 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   220.297  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  73.222  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.07097      
                R-squared           0.99851      
                Log-lik.(n=836)  1077.93963      

Transport Emissions

                Formula: log_transport_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                OECD (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Thu Feb  9 00:16:08 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 836       
                Sample: 1 to 836       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      1.9654e+00  2.5267e-01   7.7786 2.472e-14 ***      
                lpop                     -2.5354e-01  5.7264e-02  -4.4277 1.097e-05 ***      
                lgdp_sq                  -1.7679e-02  5.0344e-03  -3.5116 0.0004725 ***      
                hdd                       2.7060e-05  1.2108e-05   2.2349 0.0257225 *        
                cdd                       8.1258e-05  3.4019e-05   2.3886 0.0171631 *        
                idAustria                -4.6173e-01  6.0281e-02  -7.6595 5.868e-14 ***      
                idBelgium                -3.8657e-01  4.6205e-02  -8.3664 2.961e-16 ***      
                idCanada                  5.9808e-01  4.8228e-02  12.4011 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idChile                   3.3221e-01  5.7297e-02   5.7980 9.947e-09 ***      
                idColombia                4.3543e-01  8.8932e-02   4.8962 1.201e-06 ***      
                idCostaRica              -1.0503e-02  1.0192e-01  -0.1030 0.9179516          
                idCzechRepublic           1.0862e-01  6.3335e-02   1.7150 0.0867659 .        
                idDenmark                -8.9519e-01  7.5372e-02 -11.8770 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                -3.2039e-02  1.5591e-01  -0.2055 0.8372435          
                idFinland                -7.4513e-01  8.5600e-02  -8.7048 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idFrance                  3.6894e-03  5.9353e-02   0.0622 0.9504517          
                idGermany                -3.3059e-02  7.3023e-02  -0.4527 0.6508864          
                idGreece                 -8.0898e-02  5.1647e-02  -1.5664 0.1176926          
                idHungary                 1.0701e-01  6.8260e-02   1.5677 0.1173804          
                idIceland                -1.3464e+00  2.2991e-01  -5.8561 7.133e-09 ***      
                idIreland                -6.5503e-01  8.5018e-02  -7.7046 4.236e-14 ***      
                idIsrael                 -4.7117e-01  6.8357e-02  -6.8927 1.175e-11 ***      
                idItaly                   1.5155e-02  5.1533e-02   0.2941 0.7687768          
                idJapan                   1.9838e-01  9.0446e-02   2.1933 0.0285971 *        
                idLatvia                  1.2503e-01  1.3218e-01   0.9459 0.3444909          
                idLithuania               1.3299e-01  1.1521e-01   1.1543 0.2487411          
                idLuxembourg             -3.5974e-01  1.9395e-01  -1.8549 0.0640133 .        
                idMexico                  7.9541e-01  9.7238e-02   8.1801 1.239e-15 ***      
                idNetherlands            -5.8514e-01  3.2941e-02 -17.7631 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             -1.7515e-01  8.3201e-02  -2.1052 0.0356115 *        
                idNorway                 -1.1130e+00  8.6483e-02 -12.8695 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  3.3916e-01  7.4314e-02   4.5639 5.881e-06 ***      
                idPortugal                8.6459e-03  5.3702e-02   0.1610 0.8721388          
                idSlovakRepublic         -2.2272e-01  1.0013e-01  -2.2244 0.0264245 *        
                idSlovenia               -1.5190e-01  1.2742e-01  -1.1921 0.2336227          
                idSouthKorea              2.9965e-01  5.6822e-02   5.2736 1.759e-07 ***      
                idSpain                   2.7326e-01  4.3283e-02   6.3133 4.714e-10 ***      
                idSweden                 -6.2628e-01  6.1613e-02 -10.1648 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -1.3034e+00  6.3826e-02 -20.4216 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey                  2.2406e-01  8.5139e-02   2.6317 0.0086741 **       
                idUnitedKingdom          -2.2119e-01  6.2424e-02  -3.5434 0.0004199 ***      
                idUnitedStates            1.1256e+00  1.4133e-01   7.9641 6.294e-15 ***      
                time2000                 -2.5271e+01  3.5844e+00  -7.0502 4.113e-12 ***      
                time2001                 -2.5274e+01  3.5845e+00  -7.0509 4.091e-12 ***      
                time2002                 -2.5268e+01  3.5845e+00  -7.0493 4.136e-12 ***      
                time2003                 -2.5281e+01  3.5844e+00  -7.0530 4.036e-12 ***      
                time2004                 -2.5280e+01  3.5843e+00  -7.0530 4.034e-12 ***      
                time2005                 -2.5301e+01  3.5845e+00  -7.0585 3.887e-12 ***      
                time2006                 -2.5318e+01  3.5841e+00  -7.0639 3.749e-12 ***      
                time2007                 -2.5325e+01  3.5842e+00  -7.0657 3.703e-12 ***      
                time2008                 -2.5345e+01  3.5843e+00  -7.0713 3.565e-12 ***      
                time2009                 -2.5346e+01  3.5846e+00  -7.0707 3.581e-12 ***      
                time2010                 -2.5374e+01  3.5843e+00  -7.0793 3.380e-12 ***      
                time2011                 -2.5393e+01  3.5843e+00  -7.0844 3.264e-12 ***      
                time2012                 -2.5426e+01  3.5843e+00  -7.0936 3.066e-12 ***      
                time2013                 -2.5451e+01  3.5845e+00  -7.1003 2.932e-12 ***      
                time2014                 -2.5459e+01  3.5844e+00  -7.1028 2.883e-12 ***      
                time2015                 -2.5446e+01  3.5840e+00  -7.0998 2.940e-12 ***      
                time2016                 -2.5452e+01  3.5839e+00  -7.1016 2.905e-12 ***      
                time2017                 -2.5468e+01  3.5839e+00  -7.1062 2.816e-12 ***      
                time2018                 -2.5487e+01  3.5838e+00  -7.1116 2.715e-12 ***      
                time2019                 -2.5505e+01  3.5838e+00  -7.1166 2.624e-12 ***      
                time2020                 -2.5606e+01  3.5845e+00  -7.1435 2.185e-12 ***      
                time2021                 -2.5626e+01  3.5838e+00  -7.1504 2.086e-12 ***      
                iis154                    1.6602e-01  5.1301e-02   3.2363 0.0012650 **       
                iis412                   -2.9807e-01  4.8790e-02  -6.1093 1.619e-09 ***      
                iis413                   -2.5157e-01  4.8733e-02  -5.1622 3.141e-07 ***      
                iis414                   -3.4012e-01  4.8958e-02  -6.9473 8.185e-12 ***      
                iis415                   -3.9478e-01  4.9367e-02  -7.9968 4.931e-15 ***      
                iis416                   -4.2481e-01  4.9514e-02  -8.5796 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis417                   -5.3762e-01  5.0297e-02 -10.6889 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis418                   -6.2871e-01  5.0774e-02 -12.3824 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis685                   -1.3572e-01  5.0542e-02  -2.6853 0.0074086 **       
                iis742                   -1.9103e-01  4.8582e-02  -3.9322 9.209e-05 ***      
                fesisAustria.2013         1.1640e-01  2.0496e-02   5.6793 1.946e-08 ***      
                fesisSwitzerland.2015    -1.1168e-01  2.1636e-02  -5.1618 3.148e-07 ***      
                fesisChile.2016           1.6295e-01  2.2854e-02   7.1300 2.397e-12 ***      
                fesisColombia.2016        8.9673e-02  2.4718e-02   3.6278 0.0003055 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2003        -1.3114e-01  3.1008e-02  -4.2293 2.639e-05 ***      
                fesisGreece.2009          1.1790e-01  2.2399e-02   5.2638 1.852e-07 ***      
                fesisHungary.2019         1.4784e-01  2.9680e-02   4.9811 7.880e-07 ***      
                fesisIceland.2006         1.6298e-01  2.4722e-02   6.5926 8.232e-11 ***      
                fesisIceland.2020        -2.2473e-01  3.6172e-02  -6.2128 8.695e-10 ***      
                fesisJapan.2007          -9.0159e-02  2.2052e-02  -4.0885 4.819e-05 ***      
                fesisSouthKorea.2005     -1.5818e-01  2.6108e-02  -6.0588 2.185e-09 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2016       1.3540e-01  2.5659e-02   5.2771 1.727e-07 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015     -1.6955e-01  2.3955e-02  -7.0778 3.413e-12 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2011         -1.0654e-01  2.2880e-02  -4.6566 3.813e-06 ***      
                fesisMexico.2005          2.2086e-01  2.4325e-02   9.0793 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisPoland.2007          1.6898e-01  2.5322e-02   6.6732 4.914e-11 ***      
                fesisPoland.2017          1.9864e-01  2.6476e-02   7.5029 1.798e-13 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2001  2.2913e-01  5.1337e-02   4.4633 9.333e-06 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2006 -1.5136e-01  2.5764e-02  -5.8748 6.403e-09 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2020  1.8895e-01  3.5733e-02   5.2879 1.632e-07 ***      
                fesisSlovenia.2008        2.3168e-01  2.1191e-02  10.9330 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2005         -1.3457e-01  2.5302e-02  -5.3186 1.388e-07 ***      
                fesisSweden.2016         -2.1790e-01  2.3906e-02  -9.1149 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2013          2.6225e-01  2.3788e-02  11.0243 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                  Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   220.14  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1) 124.13  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04611      
                R-squared           0.99916      
                Log-lik.(n=836)  1434.95909      

Other Industrial Combustion Emissions

                Formula: log_other_industrial_combustion_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                OECD (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:12:51 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 836       
                Sample: 1 to 836       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                               coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                    -2.9815e+00  4.0414e-01  -7.3775 4.333e-13 ***      
                lpop                    -1.4720e-01  8.9772e-02  -1.6397 0.1014931          
                lgdp_sq                  7.2248e-02  7.8572e-03   9.1951 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                hdd                      1.4534e-05  2.0960e-05   0.6934 0.4882557          
                cdd                     -5.5197e-05  5.9759e-05  -0.9237 0.3559658          
                idAustria               -4.6258e-01  9.9116e-02  -4.6671 3.625e-06 ***      
                idBelgium               -1.5790e-01  7.6946e-02  -2.0521 0.0405107 *        
                idCanada                 6.1495e-01  8.2938e-02   7.4146 3.340e-13 ***      
                idChile                  5.1001e-02  8.1166e-02   0.6284 0.5299645          
                idColombia               3.7621e-01  1.2521e-01   3.0046 0.0027491 **       
                idCostaRica             -1.9496e+00  1.7027e-01 -11.4501 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic          4.5795e-01  1.0273e-01   4.4576 9.571e-06 ***      
                idDenmark               -1.3505e+00  1.2537e-01 -10.7722 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia               -1.6842e+00  2.6129e-01  -6.4459 2.070e-10 ***      
                idFinland               -5.5055e-01  1.4257e-01  -3.8616 0.0001225 ***      
                idFrance                -6.3027e-01  9.6762e-02  -6.5136 1.354e-10 ***      
                idGermany               -4.0117e-01  1.1859e-01  -3.3829 0.0007548 ***      
                idGreece                -5.0552e-01  7.7918e-02  -6.4878 1.593e-10 ***      
                idHungary               -5.0681e-01  1.0240e-01  -4.9492 9.233e-07 ***      
                idIceland               -2.1968e+00  3.8609e-01  -5.6900 1.829e-08 ***      
                idIreland               -1.3899e+00  1.4407e-01  -9.6477 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idIsrael                -1.1169e+00  1.0623e-01 -10.5136 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idItaly                 -4.8579e-01  8.4029e-02  -5.7813 1.092e-08 ***      
                idJapan                  1.2009e-01  1.3993e-01   0.8582 0.3910731          
                idLatvia                -1.7261e+00  2.2369e-01  -7.7163 3.873e-14 ***      
                idLithuania             -1.0017e+00  1.9195e-01  -5.2183 2.346e-07 ***      
                idLuxembourg            -2.2473e+00  3.1638e-01  -7.1029 2.870e-12 ***      
                idMexico                 8.6675e-01  1.5430e-01   5.6173 2.745e-08 ***      
                idNetherlands           -3.1536e-01  5.6909e-02  -5.5415 4.170e-08 ***      
                idNewZealand            -8.0607e-01  1.4066e-01  -5.7307 1.455e-08 ***      
                idNorway                -6.6914e-01  1.4647e-01  -4.5684 5.756e-06 ***      
                idPoland                 6.5920e-01  1.0947e-01   6.0216 2.717e-09 ***      
                idPortugal              -5.5192e-01  8.1736e-02  -6.7525 2.937e-11 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic         3.4687e-01  1.4284e-01   2.4285 0.0153998 *        
                idSlovenia              -1.3106e+00  2.1203e-01  -6.1812 1.050e-09 ***      
                idSouthKorea             5.2522e-01  8.0252e-02   6.5446 1.113e-10 ***      
                idSpain                 -7.6686e-02  6.8840e-02  -1.1140 0.2656494          
                idSweden                -9.3939e-01  1.0297e-01  -9.1233 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland           -2.0277e+00  1.0474e-01 -19.3601 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey                 6.8915e-01  1.2620e-01   5.4608 6.472e-08 ***      
                idUnitedKingdom         -6.0995e-01  1.0204e-01  -5.9779 3.513e-09 ***      
                idUnitedStates          -5.1622e-01  2.1846e-01  -2.3630 0.0183851 *        
                time2000                 4.0991e+01  5.8828e+00   6.9680 7.110e-12 ***      
                time2001                 4.0968e+01  5.8833e+00   6.9635 7.326e-12 ***      
                time2002                 4.0920e+01  5.8836e+00   6.9550 7.752e-12 ***      
                time2003                 4.0925e+01  5.8841e+00   6.9552 7.744e-12 ***      
                time2004                 4.0889e+01  5.8840e+00   6.9492 8.057e-12 ***      
                time2005                 4.0852e+01  5.8843e+00   6.9425 8.425e-12 ***      
                time2006                 4.0829e+01  5.8843e+00   6.9387 8.642e-12 ***      
                time2007                 4.0813e+01  5.8841e+00   6.9361 8.793e-12 ***      
                time2008                 4.0770e+01  5.8845e+00   6.9284 9.251e-12 ***      
                time2009                 4.0675e+01  5.8846e+00   6.9120 1.031e-11 ***      
                time2010                 4.0704e+01  5.8845e+00   6.9171 9.972e-12 ***      
                time2011                 4.0696e+01  5.8846e+00   6.9156 1.007e-11 ***      
                time2012                 4.0663e+01  5.8849e+00   6.9097 1.047e-11 ***      
                time2013                 4.0654e+01  5.8850e+00   6.9080 1.059e-11 ***      
                time2014                 4.0604e+01  5.8848e+00   6.8998 1.118e-11 ***      
                time2015                 4.0576e+01  5.8851e+00   6.8947 1.157e-11 ***      
                time2016                 4.0553e+01  5.8851e+00   6.8908 1.187e-11 ***      
                time2017                 4.0539e+01  5.8850e+00   6.8884 1.206e-11 ***      
                time2018                 4.0523e+01  5.8852e+00   6.8855 1.229e-11 ***      
                time2019                 4.0485e+01  5.8853e+00   6.8790 1.283e-11 ***      
                time2020                 4.0432e+01  5.8862e+00   6.8689 1.371e-11 ***      
                time2021                 4.0417e+01  5.8856e+00   6.8671 1.388e-11 ***      
                iis435                  -1.3029e+00  8.5860e-02 -15.1745 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis436                  -1.3813e+00  8.6010e-02 -16.0593 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis437                  -1.6393e+00  8.6487e-02 -18.9543 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis438                  -1.9872e+00  8.6672e-02 -22.9276 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis439                  -2.3239e+00  8.6988e-02 -26.7147 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis440                  -2.3026e+00  8.6788e-02 -26.5307 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis441                  -4.0333e-01  8.6788e-02  -4.6473 3.981e-06 ***      
                iis442                  -3.9716e-01  8.6389e-02  -4.5973 5.031e-06 ***      
                iis443                  -3.9195e-01  8.6149e-02  -4.5496 6.277e-06 ***      
                iis444                  -5.1842e-01  8.6160e-02  -6.0169 2.793e-09 ***      
                iis445                  -7.1706e-01  8.5985e-02  -8.3394 3.629e-16 ***      
                iis446                  -7.2511e-01  8.6514e-02  -8.3814 2.621e-16 ***      
                iis447                  -4.6196e-01  8.6492e-02  -5.3411 1.230e-07 ***      
                iis448                  -6.7542e-01  8.5565e-02  -7.8937 1.056e-14 ***      
                iis449                  -4.4891e-01  8.5323e-02  -5.2613 1.874e-07 ***      
                iis452                  -7.6307e-01  8.5578e-02  -8.9167 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                iis453                  -6.3624e-01  8.4814e-02  -7.5016 1.808e-13 ***      
                fesisCanada.2015         2.6657e-01  3.7698e-02   7.0711 3.559e-12 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2006      2.0868e-01  4.2683e-02   4.8890 1.243e-06 ***      
                fesisCzechRepublic.2007 -2.6240e-01  3.7514e-02  -6.9948 5.946e-12 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2011 -2.5235e-01  3.5128e-02  -7.1838 1.655e-12 ***      
                fesisGreece.2013         2.1324e-01  3.8205e-02   5.5814 3.347e-08 ***      
                fesisHungary.2014        3.5134e-01  3.6845e-02   9.5357 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIreland.2009       -2.8020e-01  3.6432e-02  -7.6911 4.651e-14 ***      
                fesisIceland.2007       -2.1796e-01  4.2691e-02  -5.1054 4.200e-07 ***      
                fesisLithuania.2004      2.1278e-01  4.9930e-02   4.2615 2.293e-05 ***      
                fesisLatvia.2015        -3.2015e-01  4.0695e-02  -7.8672 1.284e-14 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010         2.9392e-01  3.5471e-02   8.2862 5.468e-16 ***      
                fesisNewZealand.2014     2.6760e-01  3.7008e-02   7.2309 1.198e-12 ***      
                fesisPoland.2008        -2.4952e-01  3.8289e-02  -6.5166 1.329e-10 ***      
                fesisSweden.2006        -2.5414e-01  3.9046e-02  -6.5087 1.397e-10 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   220.737  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  65.034  1 7.772e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                
                SE of regression   0.08002      
                R-squared          0.99811      
                Log-lik.(n=836)  972.60318      

Total Co2 Emissions

                Formula: log_total_co2_emissions ~ lgdp + lpop + lgdp_sq + hdd + cdd      
                OECD (2000:2021); p.value: 0.01; AR: 0      
                      
                Date: Fri Feb 10 13:40:09 2023       
                Dependent var.: y       
                Method: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)      
                Variance-Covariance: Ordinary       
                No. of observations (mean eq.): 836       
                Sample: 1 to 836       
                      
                SPECIFIC mean equation:      
                      
                                                coef   std.error   t-stat   p-value          
                lgdp                      6.6511e-01  2.4636e-01   2.6997 0.0070984 **       
                lpop                      1.1558e-01  4.7840e-02   2.4161 0.0159314 *        
                lgdp_sq                   2.2371e-03  4.8652e-03   0.4598 0.6457807          
                hdd                       6.2592e-05  1.0979e-05   5.7010 1.723e-08 ***      
                cdd                       1.1885e-04  3.1717e-05   3.7471 0.0001929 ***      
                idAustria                -7.3638e-01  5.4640e-02 -13.4768 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idBelgium                -4.2764e-01  4.2932e-02  -9.9608 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCanada                  4.0184e-02  4.2553e-02   0.9443 0.3453120          
                idChile                  -4.3815e-01  5.4969e-02  -7.9709 5.993e-15 ***      
                idColombia               -6.5797e-01  7.3718e-02  -8.9256 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCostaRica              -1.4072e+00  9.8855e-02 -14.2352 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idCzechRepublic           4.3232e-01  6.2451e-02   6.9225 9.658e-12 ***      
                idDenmark                -8.5978e-01  6.8806e-02 -12.4957 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idEstonia                 2.9085e-01  1.4902e-01   1.9517 0.0513491 .        
                idFinland                -5.9557e-01  7.8718e-02  -7.5658 1.151e-13 ***      
                idFrance                 -7.6065e-01  4.9890e-02 -15.2467 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idGermany                -2.7061e-01  6.1334e-02  -4.4121 1.177e-05 ***      
                idGreece                 -1.8606e-01  4.8950e-02  -3.8010 0.0001560 ***      
                idHungary                -1.7167e-01  6.2955e-02  -2.7269 0.0065445 **       
                idIceland                -1.1304e+00  2.1418e-01  -5.2777 1.722e-07 ***      
                idIreland                -6.1286e-01  8.5753e-02  -7.1469 2.139e-12 ***      
                idIsrael                 -4.7663e-01  6.1206e-02  -7.7873 2.324e-14 ***      
                idItaly                  -4.8574e-01  4.3417e-02 -11.1877 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idJapan                  -2.2748e-01  7.4910e-02  -3.0368 0.0024756 **       
                idLatvia                 -6.8833e-01  1.3001e-01  -5.2943 1.578e-07 ***      
                idLithuania              -5.0511e-01  1.1156e-01  -4.5275 6.959e-06 ***      
                idLuxembourg             -8.0675e-01  1.7514e-01  -4.6063 4.828e-06 ***      
                idMexico                 -1.1191e-01  8.1967e-02  -1.3653 0.1725864          
                idNetherlands            -4.4155e-01  3.0800e-02 -14.3362 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idNewZealand             -6.0299e-01  7.6589e-02  -7.8731 1.237e-14 ***      
                idNorway                 -1.2382e+00  7.8928e-02 -15.6881 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPoland                  5.3548e-01  6.2166e-02   8.6137 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idPortugal               -4.6524e-01  4.9596e-02  -9.3807 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSlovakRepublic          7.1757e-02  8.6982e-02   0.8250 0.4096610          
                idSlovenia               -3.1846e-01  1.2004e-01  -2.6528 0.0081534 **       
                idSouthKorea              1.2008e-01  4.3818e-02   2.7405 0.0062829 **       
                idSpain                  -3.1621e-01  3.7132e-02  -8.5158 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSweden                 -1.1840e+00  5.5720e-02 -21.2491 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idSwitzerland            -1.6889e+00  5.5721e-02 -30.3101 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idTurkey                 -1.2690e-01  7.2299e-02  -1.7552 0.0796405 .        
                idUnitedKingdom          -5.5363e-01  5.2650e-02 -10.5153 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                idUnitedStates            1.2229e-01  1.1906e-01   1.0271 0.3047056          
                time2000                 -9.2122e+00  3.5866e+00  -2.5685 0.0104087 *        
                time2001                 -9.2242e+00  3.5868e+00  -2.5717 0.0103141 *        
                time2002                 -9.2322e+00  3.5869e+00  -2.5739 0.0102511 *        
                time2003                 -9.2395e+00  3.5871e+00  -2.5758 0.0101959 *        
                time2004                 -9.2539e+00  3.5870e+00  -2.5799 0.0100767 *        
                time2005                 -9.2891e+00  3.5871e+00  -2.5896 0.0097986 **       
                time2006                 -9.3150e+00  3.5869e+00  -2.5969 0.0095936 **       
                time2007                 -9.3208e+00  3.5869e+00  -2.5986 0.0095484 **       
                time2008                 -9.3518e+00  3.5870e+00  -2.6071 0.0093155 **       
                time2009                 -9.3850e+00  3.5873e+00  -2.6161 0.0090751 **       
                time2010                 -9.3906e+00  3.5870e+00  -2.6180 0.0090271 **       
                time2011                 -9.4081e+00  3.5870e+00  -2.6228 0.0089002 **       
                time2012                 -9.4383e+00  3.5871e+00  -2.6312 0.0086869 **       
                time2013                 -9.4611e+00  3.5871e+00  -2.6375 0.0085268 **       
                time2014                 -9.4919e+00  3.5873e+00  -2.6460 0.0083198 **       
                time2015                 -9.5198e+00  3.5871e+00  -2.6539 0.0081290 **       
                time2016                 -9.5336e+00  3.5868e+00  -2.6579 0.0080323 **       
                time2017                 -9.5447e+00  3.5868e+00  -2.6610 0.0079597 **       
                time2018                 -9.5769e+00  3.5869e+00  -2.6699 0.0077538 **       
                time2019                 -9.6132e+00  3.5869e+00  -2.6801 0.0075246 **       
                time2020                 -9.6811e+00  3.5876e+00  -2.6985 0.0071249 **       
                time2021                 -9.6980e+00  3.5871e+00  -2.7036 0.0070174 **       
                iis412                   -1.2901e-01  4.5975e-02  -2.8061 0.0051471 **       
                iis414                   -1.6796e-01  4.6160e-02  -3.6386 0.0002932 ***      
                iis415                   -2.1363e-01  4.6424e-02  -4.6017 4.934e-06 ***      
                iis416                   -2.6326e-01  4.6546e-02  -5.6559 2.218e-08 ***      
                iis417                   -3.5394e-01  4.7141e-02  -7.5081 1.736e-13 ***      
                iis418                   -3.7485e-01  4.7603e-02  -7.8744 1.226e-14 ***      
                fesisCanada.2015          9.3718e-02  1.9856e-02   4.7198 2.826e-06 ***      
                fesisChile.2008           1.8822e-01  2.2397e-02   8.4042 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisChile.2015           1.7116e-01  2.2831e-02   7.4969 1.879e-13 ***      
                fesisColombia.2013        1.4015e-01  1.9871e-02   7.0530 4.039e-12 ***      
                fesisCostaRica.2006       1.4462e-01  2.2867e-02   6.3242 4.412e-10 ***      
                fesisCzechRepublic.2005  -1.1918e-01  2.4211e-02  -4.9223 1.056e-06 ***      
                fesisCzechRepublic.2013  -6.5813e-02  2.0660e-02  -3.1856 0.0015056 **       
                fesisDenmark.2011        -1.9447e-01  2.1661e-02  -8.9780 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisDenmark.2017        -1.8503e-01  2.5649e-02  -7.2137 1.354e-12 ***      
                fesisSpain.2009          -9.3445e-02  1.8696e-02  -4.9982 7.236e-07 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2010         1.6466e-01  2.0075e-02   8.2025 1.047e-15 ***      
                fesisEstonia.2019        -3.2510e-01  2.8556e-02 -11.3844 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisFinland.2012        -1.3307e-01  1.8457e-02  -7.2099 1.390e-12 ***      
                fesisUnitedKingdom.2014  -2.0272e-01  1.9120e-02 -10.6025 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIreland.2002        -8.6965e-02  3.3628e-02  -2.5861 0.0098975 **       
                fesisIreland.2010        -1.3142e-01  2.3134e-02  -5.6808 1.930e-08 ***      
                fesisIceland.2009         1.8871e-01  2.2134e-02   8.5255 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisIceland.2016        -1.7549e-01  2.4659e-02  -7.1166 2.627e-12 ***      
                fesisIsrael.2016         -1.4278e-01  2.2084e-02  -6.4653 1.839e-10 ***      
                fesisJapan.2011           1.6191e-01  1.8541e-02   8.7328 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSouthKorea.2014      1.3171e-01  2.0632e-02   6.3840 3.052e-10 ***      
                fesisLuxembourg.2015     -1.4254e-01  2.2198e-02  -6.4215 2.417e-10 ***      
                fesisMexico.2005          1.8944e-01  2.2023e-02   8.6019 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisNorway.2010          1.3973e-01  1.8601e-02   7.5122 1.686e-13 ***      
                fesisPoland.2009         -7.8092e-02  2.0128e-02  -3.8797 0.0001140 ***      
                fesisSlovakRepublic.2007 -2.1604e-01  2.0513e-02 -10.5320 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisSweden.2007         -1.6689e-01  1.9554e-02  -8.5348 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2008          1.8133e-01  2.2028e-02   8.2317 8.372e-16 ***      
                fesisTurkey.2017          1.4438e-01  2.4729e-02   5.8384 7.901e-09 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                      
                Diagnostics and fit:      
                      
                                   Chi-sq df   p-value          
                Ljung-Box AR(1)   132.799  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                Ljung-Box ARCH(1)  91.289  1 < 2.2e-16 ***      
                ---      
                Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1      
                                                 
                SE of regression    0.04168      
                R-squared           0.99938      
                Log-lik.(n=836)  1519.79117